In this work, three kinds of tungsten powders with different particle sizes were spheroidized by radio-frequency (RF) inductively coupled plasma spheroidization. The spheroidization behavior of these tungsten powders was investigated and compared. Th...
Evolution of microstructure and hardness in quenched ultrahigh carbon steel Fe-0.85Mo-0.6Si-1.4C by warm compression on a Bähr plastometer-dilatometer at 775 °C and at 0.001 to 1 s−1 strain rate range is reported. The material was prepared via powder...
Despite numerous research on new active materials for anodes, graphite remains the most commonly used material in Li-ion batteries. The spherical shape of the graphite particles has proven to be beneficial for application in electric vehicles, especi...
Alumina is the most widely used oxide ceramic, and its applications are widespread in engineering and in biomedical fields. Its spheroidization was performed by a prototypal direct current (DC) thermal plasma, which was designed and installed at ENEA...
Control of carbide morphology during heat treatment plays a decisive role in achieving stable dimensions, improved cutting performance, and reliable mechanical properties in precision steel components. In this work, a computational approach is develo...
Titanium alloy Grade 5 (Ti6Al4V) is a widely used material for aerospace components and biomedical implants due to its excellent combination of strength, low density, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies...
In this paper, a novel approach to obtain a ferromagnetic material for smart applications was implied. A combination of mechanical alloying (MA) and plasma spheroidization (PS) was applied to produce Ni36Al27Co37 spherical powder. Then its structure...
This work presents a new approach for the fabrication of 316L/Al2O3 composites, based on a combination of spray granulation, radio frequency (RF) plasma spheroidization and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Initially, a suspension containing 316L and alu...
SA 178 grade C carbon steel is a material commonly used in boiler tubes. Boilers are crucial in the energy industry; however, their service life degrades over time. If a boiler malfunctions, processing operations must be halted, resulting in financia...
The dynamic spheroidization mechanism and its orientation dependence in Ti-6Al-2Mo-2V-1Fe alloys during subtransus hot deformation were studied in this work. For this purpose, hot compression tests were carried out at temperatures of 780–880 &d...
The spheroidization behavior of the nano-primary silicon phase induced by Nd under high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) irradiation was investigated in this study. The study results revealed that, compared to the Al–17.5Si alloy, spheroidi...
The effect of the initial microstructure and soft annealing temperature on cementite spheroidization and microstructure softening is studied on an AISI 5140 hot-rolled wire. In coarse pearlite microstructure (λ: 0.27 μm), the cementite sphe...
Additive manufacturing is a promising and actively developing method for the synthesis of metal products. The development of techniques for the production of spherical powder particles with specified properties from metals and alloys represents a sig...
The effect of electropulsing treatment (EPT) on the microstructure of the as-cast 2024 Al alloy at room temperature was investigated. The results show that EPT remarkably accelerated the spheroidizing of second phase (S phase) in the as-cast 2024 Al...
In this study, the induction plasma spheroidization (IPS) technique was adopted to improve the microstructure and properties of the traditional agglomerated ZrO2-7wt%Y2O3 (YSZ) powders used in thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications. Compared with...
To modify the structure of thermal barrier coatings and improve their high-temperature resistance, induction plasma spheroidization (IPS) technology was applied to regulate the structure of YSZ powders in this study. The surface morphology, particle...
Creating model systems that replicate in vivo tissues is crucial for understanding complex biological pathways like drug response and disease progression. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, especially multicellular spheroids (MCSs), offer valuab...
Cells with various structures and proteins naturally come together to cooperate in vivo. This study used cell spheroids cultured in agarose micro-wells as a 3D model to study the movement of cells or spheroids toward other spheroids. The formation dy...
Research in fields studying cellular response to surface tension and mechanical forces necessitate cell culture tools with tunability of substrate stiffness. We created a scalable hydrogel dish design to facilitate scaffold-free formation of multiple...
Use of multicellular spheroids in studies of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased in the last decade, however details of NPs interaction with spheroids are poorly known. We synthesized AuNPs (12.0 ± 0.1 nm in diameter, transmission electron micro...
Spheroid, a 3D aggregate of tumor cells in a spherical shape, has overcome the limitations of conventional 3D cell models to accurately mimic the in-vivo environment of a human body. The spheroids are cultured with other primary cells and embedded in...
Tumor spheroids in the ascites of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are poorly described. Our objective was to describe their morphological features, cellular composition, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression, and survival correlation of these parameters. The...
In this paper we present an efficient Matlab computation of a 3-D electromagnetic scattering problem, in which a plane wave impinges with a generic inclination onto a conducting ellipsoid of revolution. This solid is obtained by the rotation of an el...
V-Nb-Mo-Ta-W high-entropy alloy (HEA), one of the refractory HEAs, is considered as a next-generation structural material for ultra-high temperature uses. Refractory HEAs have low castability and machinability due to their high melting temperature an...
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models provide physiologically relevant systems that mimic the native endometrial environment better than 2D models and offer reliable platforms to study embryo implantation and maternal–embryo interactions....
Cell spheroids represent a scaffold-free route to form cell aggregates through maximizing cell-cell interactions. Spheroids have gained significant attention for the engineering of multilayer tissues as they offer a closer resemblance of physiologica...
Cell spheroids are widely studied for their potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present work investigated the effects of cryopreservation on spheroids derived from ovine fibroblasts, depending on spheroid size...
Spheroids are recognized for resembling the important characteristics of natural tumors in cancer research. However, the lack of controllability of the spheroid size, form, and density in conventional spheroid culture methods reduces the reproducibil...
A cancer spheroid array chip was developed by modifying a micropillar and microwell structure to improve the evaluation of drugs targeting specific mutations such as phosphor-epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR). The chip encapsulated cells in a...
Laser printing with cell spheroids can become a promising approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the use of standard laser bioprinters for this purpose is not optimal as they are optimized for transferring smaller objects,...
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, and AMPK contributes to cell growth, apoptosis, and autophagy. Although most cell studies have been performed using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, recen...
Microfluidic devices utilizing spheroids play important roles in in vitro experimental systems to closely simulate morphological and biochemical characteristics of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. For the observation and analysis of the inner stru...
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro adipocyte models provide physiologically relevant platforms for studying adipogenesis and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. However, long-term adipocyte culture is often hindered by limited cell–matrix adhes...
The intricate microenvironment in which malignant cells reside is essential for the progression of tumor growth. Both the physical and biochemical features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a critical role in promoting the differentiation, pro...
Tumor spheroids are important model systems due to the capability of capturing in vivo tumor complexity. In this work, the experimental design of metabolomics workflows using three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid (3D MTS) models is addressed...
Most nanoparticles and microparticles used as carriers of bioactive compounds are spherical in shape. Such particles are the easiest to obtain, as many processes spontaneously minimize the surface energy of the objects produced. However, in recent ye...
Chemotherapy resistance is a major challenge in ovarian cancer (OvCa). Thus, novel treatment combinations are highly warranted. However, many promising drug candidates tested in two-dimensional (2D) cell culture have not proved successful in the clin...
Owing to the importance of stem cell culture systems in clinical applications, researchers have extensively studied them to optimize the culture conditions and increase efficiency of cell culture. A spheroid culture system provides a similar physicoc...
Covering spheroids (ellipsoids of revolution) by different spheres is studied. The research is motivated by packing non-spherical particles arising in natural sciences, e.g., in powder technologies. The concept of an
Spheroidizing annealing is a critical heat treatment process for high-carbon steels to balance hardness and machinability. This study develops a rapid spheroidizing annealing process by employing low-temperature pretreatment followed by subcritical h...
Keloid refers to a fibro-proliferative disorder characterized by an accumulation of extracellular matrix at the dermis level, overgrowing beyond the initial wound and forming tumor-like nodule areas. The absence of treatment for keloid is clearly rel...
In this study, we evaluated the impact of different in vitro 3D culture modelling methods on the activity of doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human melanoma spheroids. Human melanoma A375 and IGR39 spheroids were generated using the han...
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a vital role in liver fibrosis, and a greater understanding of their regulation is required. Recent studies have focused on relationships between extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and gene expression or cellular...
Spheroids have become an essential tool in preclinical cancer research. The uniformity of spheroids is a critical parameter in drug test results. Spheroids form by self-assembly of cells. Hence, the control of homogeneity of spheroids in terms of siz...
Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTs) have been employed in biomedical fields owing to their advantage in designing a three-dimensional (3D) solid tumor model. For controlling multicellular cancer spheroids, mimicking the tumor extracellular matrix (E...
Tumor spheroids as well as multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) are promising 3D in vitro tumor models for drug screening, drug design, drug targeting, drug toxicity, and validation of drug delivery methods. These models partly reflect the tridimens...
Since the discovery that exosomes can exchange genes, their potential use as tools for tissue regeneration, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic applications has drawn significant attention. Emerging three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, such a...
This study represents the first assessment of plastic waste within Posidonia spheroids on four sandy, Mediterranean beaches, each characterized by varying levels of anthropogenic influence. Fifty-five (68.7%) spheroids, out of eighty examined, includ...
Cell spheroids have been studied as a biomimic medicine for tissue healing using cell sources. Rapid cell spheroid production increases cell survival and activity as well as the efficiency of mass production by reducing processing time. In this study...
Cancer spheroids are very effective preclinical models to improve anticancer drug screening. In order to optimize and extend the use of spheroid models, these works were focused on the development of a new storage concept to maintain these models in...
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