When the operating state of the power system changes, a modular multilevel converter power electronic transformer (MMC-PET) based on modular multilevel converters cannot perform efficient energy transfer and power conversion under conventional contro...
A continuous wave (CW) ultra-narrow linewidth single-longitudinal mode (SLM) ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) based on narrowband fiber Bragg grating (NB-FBG) and double-ring passive subcavity (DR-PS) was studied. The filtering characteristics of t...
The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is vulnerable to overcurrent at the stator winding and overvoltage at the DC link due to voltage drop after the grid fault. The large wind farm may have a capacity of several million MWs, whose tripping yield...
Sentry box buildings present excessive energy consumption and poor thermal comfort due to the lightweight envelope. Therefore, a framework integrating passive design with multi-objective optimization and cascading active airflow mode optimization for...
The critical pump power for achieving passively continuous-wave mode-locking in a solid-state laser is analytically derived from the spatially dependent rate equations and the criterion for the intracavity pulse energy. A prompt way is proposed to st...
A composite dual-cavity passively mode-locked fiber laser based on a functionalized microsphere resonator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The nonlinear response of the resonator is enhanced by depositing TiO2 film on a SiO2 microsphere,...
Considering the magnetic shielding requirements of both geomagnetic field and 50 Hz power-line frequency in the complex working conditions of the power grid, an electromagnetic shielding system combining active and passive modes is proposed in this a...
A single watchful sleep mode (WSM) combines the features of both cyclic sleep mode (CSM) and cyclic doze mode (CDM) in a single process by periodically turning ON and OFF the optical receiver (RX) of the optical network terminal (ONT) in a symmetric...
This paper proposes a hybrid control scheme that combines fractional-order sliding-mode control (FOSMC) with radial basis function neural network adaptive damping passivity-based control (RBFPBC) for modular multilevel converters (MMC) under non-idea...
Travel data collection, which is necessary for travel demand modeling, is always of great concern to modelers due to its huge cost and effort when a large sample is required to achieve satisfactory model precisions. In this paper, travel data collect...
Higher efficiency, predictability, and high-power density are the main advantages of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based hydro turbine. However, the control of a PMSG is a nontrivial issue, because of its time-varying parameters and...
This study uses a port-Hamiltonian framework to address trajectory tracking control for unmanned surface vessels (USVs) under unknown disturbances. A passivity-based sliding mode controller is designed, integrating adaptive disturbance estimation and...
This research demonstrated an ultrafast passively mode-locked thulium-holmium doped fibre laser (THDFL) using a carbon nanotube (CNT)-chitin composite film as a saturable absorber (SA). The CNTs were fabricated using ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase...
Diode optical frequency comb lasers are promising compact solutions to generate high-speed optical pulses for applications in high spectral efficiency wavelength division multiplexing transmission with advanced modulation formats. In this paper, an I...
This study reports a novel MAX phase material, Mo2TiAlC2, as a passively mode-locking (PML) saturable absorber (SA) for a Tm:YAP laser operating in the 2 μm wavelength range. The systematic characterization of its nonlinear optical properties was...
The present work reports the evaluation of a sliding mode observer (SMO) for a passive interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG). To achieve that, the experimental setup was designed and evaluated to provide two out-of-phase signals as required by...
Due to their superior harmonic profiles and minimal switching energy losses, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have emerged as the primary topology for high voltage direct current (HVDC) applications. However, traditional Proportional–Integr...
In this paper, the passive filtering problem of flexible robotic manipulator is investigated over sensor networks in a distributed manner from the control system perspective. The sensor networks are adopted to estimate true states of flexible robotic...
This paper introduces a compact analog configuration that concurrently realizes a mixed-mode biquadratic filter and a dual-mode quadrature oscillator (QO) by employing a single differential differencing gain amplifier (DDGA) and all-grounded passive...
Pulsed fiber lasers, with high peak power and narrow pulse widths, have been proven to be an important tool for a variety of fields of application. In this work, frontier and hot topics in pulsed fiber lasers were analyzed with 11,064 articles. Benef...
This research demonstrates a method for the repeatable passive fiber optic coupling of single-mode waveguides with a micron-scale accuracy for high-precision disposables. The aim is to broaden the application of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) fr...
An Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is an optical access network that allows a higher data rate with low power consumption. To improve energy savings for an EPON, the sleep and doze modes for the optical network units (ONUs) play a pivotal rol...
The study aimed to present the features of a 2-DOF vibration reduction system (VRS) equipped with a linear electrodynamic motor in passive, semi-active and active mode. At first, the VRS model was formulated. Then, simulation tests of the VRS were co...
We investigate the dynamics of high energy dual regime unidirectional Erbium-doped fiber laser in ring cavity, which is passively Q-switched and mode-locked through the use of an environmentally friendly graphene filament–chitin film-based satu...
We demonstrate absorber-free passive and hybrid mode-locking at sub-GHz repetition rates, using a hybrid integrated extended cavity diode laser operating near 1550 nm. The laser is based on InP as a gain medium and a Si3N4 waveguide feedback circuit....
The broad diffusion of renewable energy-based technologies has introduced several open issues in the design and operation of smart grids (SGs) when distributed generators (DGs) inject a large amount of power into the grid. In this paper, a theoretica...
Over the past few decades, on-chip photonic integrated circuits based on silicon photonics (SiPh) platforms have gained widespread attention due to the fact that they offer many advantages, such as high bandwidth, low loss, compact size, low power co...
Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) typically operate in passive mode, where methanol is distributed across the membrane electrode assembly through natural diffusion. Usual methanol concentrations range from 1% to 5% by weight (wt.%), although this ca...
Passive-wireless surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) micro-pressure sensors are suitable for extreme scenarios where wired sensors are not applicable. However, as the measured pressure decreases, conventional SAW micro-pressure sensors struggle to meet expec...
The suspension system needs both an active mode and passive mode when the emergency rescue vehicle is running on a complex road. Therefore, an active–passive composite suspension actuator (APCSA) is designed in this paper. Firstly, combined wit...
A comprehensive review of film-sensors shows that they are primarily operated in a passive mode, i.e. without being actively heated to an extent, whereby they create a heat transfer situation on their own. Only when these sensors are used for wall sh...
Amorphous-Ge (α-Ge) or free-standing nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via hydrogen-free plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were applied as transmissive or reflective saturable absorbers, respectively, for starting up passively mod...
This study proposes a simplified approach for the experimental dynamic characterization of the historic Messina Bell Tower (northeastern Sicily) using passive seismic single-station surveys. The Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) analysis i...
In this work, we demonstrate a three-stage all-fiber master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system emitting over 40 W of continuous-wave (CW) output power at ~1.5 µm. The setup utilizes three self-fabricated high-power passive fiber component...
Conventional crawling–jumping robots often suffer from slow mode transitions and poor motion continuity, limiting their adaptability in complex environments. This paper presents a compact hybrid robot featuring a novel dual-clutch mechanism com...
To elucidate the active–passive reinforcement mechanisms of rock bolts and the evolution of shear strength in anchored rock joints, this study integrates theoretical analysis, laboratory direct shear tests, and numerical simulations to investig...
The main objective of this work revolves around the design of second order sliding mode controllers (SOSMC) based on the super twisting algorithm (STA) for asynchronous permanent magnet motor (PMSM) fed by a direct matrix converter (DMC), in order to...
To solve the problem of controlling an intrinsically compliant actuator, pneumatic muscle actuator (PMA), this paper presents an extended proxy-based sliding mode control (EPSMC) strategy. It is well known that the chattering phenomenon of convention...
This study presents a real-world performance assessment of a 48 V mild-hybrid urban bus equipped with a crankshaft starter–generator (CSG, denoted as KSG in German terminology), together with model-based validation for KSG Active operation. The...
The most important components for application in high-power all-fiber lasers and amplifiers are, most of all, power combiners, but also mode field adaptors. This paper summarizes recent achievements in the area of development and fabrication of high-...
In the current paper, the nonlinear absorption characteristics and laser modulation performance of the ternary anisotropic semiconductor material ZrGeTe4 were successfully explored. The recovery time of the ZrGeTe4-PVA thin film was measured to be 5....
This paper proposes an effective method to improve the power efficiency of the flyback converter in the continuous conduction mode (CCM). The proposed converter uses a simple passive circuit to reduce the switching power losses. The current through t...
Passively mode-locked lasers, as essential tools for generating ultrashort pulses, have found widespread applications in industrial manufacturing, optical communications, biomedical imaging, and fundamental scientific research. Saturable absorbers se...
The lower limb rehabilitation robot is a typical man-machine coupling system. Aiming at the problems of insufficient physiological information and unsatisfactory safety performance in the compliance control strategy for the lower limb rehabilitation...
Quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), a subclass of low-dimensional materials, have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties, making them promising candidates for nonlinea...
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) with mutually orthogonal advantage attribute to break through the high capacity and long-reach transmission limited in the classical passive optical network (PON). Employing Laguerre Gaussian (LG) mode as the orthogonal...
In this work, we compare the operation of a passively modelocked polarization-maintaining emission in two thulium-doped fiber lasers pumped at 1561 nm, with emission at wavelengths of 1.951 μm in one case and 2.07 μm in the other. We obtained a...
Recently, with the trend of redundancy design, the importance of synchronous motion control of multiple motors has been emphasized in various fields such as automotive, construction, and industrial engineering. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel...
With the development of the Internet of Things, cloud networking, and 4K/8K high-definition video, global internet traffic has seen a dramatic increase. This surge in traffic has placed higher demands on the performance of optical networks, featuring...
A 5.0-at.% Nd-doped La0.64Gd0.41Sc2.95(BO3)4 (Nd:LGSB) borate laser crystal was successfully grown by the Czochralski method, for the first time to our knowledge. The spectroscopic properties of the grown crystal are discussed and 1 µm laser em...
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