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Photonics
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Mode Locked Fiber Laser
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Mode Locked Fiber Laser

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2023) | Viewed by 22550

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaosheng Xiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: mode-locked fiber lasers; nonlinear fiber optics; optical fiber communications; coherent Raman scattering; polarization optics; optical sensing and imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bo Fu

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: laser photonics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Syed Asad Hussain

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Science Engineering and Computing UGIC, University of Greenwich, London SE10 9LS, UK
Interests: mode-locked lasers; saturable absorbers; laser gain materials; non-linear optical absorption; laser material dynamics; laser–tissue interaction; two-dimensional materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mode-locked lasers have a wide range of applications in science and engineering, since they could generate coherent ultrashort pulses with high peak power and broad bandwidth. Fiber lasers have the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, insensitivity to the thermal load, and good beam quality. As an alternative to solid-state lasers, mode-locked fiber lasers have potential important applications in engineering and science investigations. In additional, mode-locked fiber lasers are popular platforms for studying the behavior of dissipative nonlinear wave dynamics since the nonlinear effects in fibers are prominent.

There have been significant progresses in the field of mode-locked fiber lasers in recent years. Novel mode-locking techniques emerged, e.g., two-dimensional material-based saturable absorbers, metal nanoparticles or metasurface-based saturable absorbers, nonlinear multimode interference, and the Mamyshev regenerator. The peak power of mode-locked fiber lasers has approached that of their solid-state counterpart. Ultrashort pulses in different wavelength regimes, including visible and infrared band, were generated from mode-locked lasers based on various fibers. Seeded with mode-locked fiber lasers and amplified in large-core active fibers, high-power ulstrashort pulses were achieved. The stability of mode-locked fiber lasers was improved, and frequency combs based on them were demonstrated. Using emerging techniques, e.g., time stretch, the nonlinear dynamics of mode-locked fiber lasers was revealed. Recently, spatiotemporal mode locking was demonstrated in multimode fiber lasers, which generalized the concept of mode locking.

This Special Issue aims at presenting original state-of-the-art research articles on mode-locked fiber lasers and their applications. Researchers are invited to submit their contributions to this Special Issue. Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Mode-locked fiber lasers
  • Active mode locking
  • Passive mode locking
  • Spatiotemporal mode locking
  • Q-switched fiber lasers
  • Saturable absorber
  • Laser gain materials
  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Ultrafast photonics in fiber lasers
  • Applications of mode-locked fiber lasers
  • Frequency combs

Dr. Xiaosheng Xiao
Guest Editor
Dr. Bo Fu
Dr. Syed Asad Hussain
Co-Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mode locking
  • fiber laser
  • ultrashort pulse
  • saturable absorber
  • nonlinear dynamics

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Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3143 KiB  
Article
Nanotubes in Chitin Mode Locker for Passive Mode−Locked Fibre Laser in 2.0 µm Region
by Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Rashid, Harith Ahmad, Mohammad Faizal Ismail, Muhammad Quisar Lokman, Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly, Hafizal Yahaya, Nur Azmah Nordin, Wan Mohd Fazli Wan Nawawi and Fauzan Ahmad
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030257 - 28 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1403
Abstract
This research demonstrated an ultrafast passively mode-locked thulium-holmium doped fibre laser (THDFL) using a carbon nanotube (CNT)-chitin composite film as a saturable absorber (SA). The CNTs were fabricated using ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation, and the chitin biopolymer was derived from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus Ostreatus). [...] Read more.
This research demonstrated an ultrafast passively mode-locked thulium-holmium doped fibre laser (THDFL) using a carbon nanotube (CNT)-chitin composite film as a saturable absorber (SA). The CNTs were fabricated using ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation, and the chitin biopolymer was derived from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus Ostreatus). The free-standing SA successfully performed a mode-locking operation at a threshold input pump power of 203 mW with an operating wavelength of 1908.53 nm. The generated mode-locked pulses had repetition rate, pulse width, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values of 16 MHz, 1.1 ps, and 69 dB, respectively. The work demonstrates the potential of CNTs embedded in chitin biopolymer as a sustainable and environmentally friendly SA for a wide range of applications, particularly for pulsed lasers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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7 pages, 220 KiB  
Communication
Noise-like Pulses as a Source of Pump Energy
by Sergey Kobtsev
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030233 - 21 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1433
Abstract
This work analyses application particulars of noise-like pulses used as pulsed pump radiation for lasers (including Raman lasers) and amplifiers. The absence of a phase relationship between the electromagnetic field of the pump and that of the output laser radiation allows for a [...] Read more.
This work analyses application particulars of noise-like pulses used as pulsed pump radiation for lasers (including Raman lasers) and amplifiers. The absence of a phase relationship between the electromagnetic field of the pump and that of the output laser radiation allows for a new application as a pump energy source of noise-like pulses, which may feature relatively high energy parameters. Questions related to this application are considered: configurations for noise-like pulse generation that hold a significant potential, specific aspects of amplification and compression, and characterisation of parameters of these pulses. Possibilities of the efficient application of noise-like pulses as pico- and nano-second pumping radiation are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
9 pages, 2760 KiB  
Communication
Yb-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Based on an All-Fiber Interferometer Filter
by Fan Yang, Liqiang Zhang, Chenglin Bai, Shijie Ren, Zhen Tian, Yicun Yao and Minghong Wang
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020203 - 13 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1701
Abstract
An interference filter is designed by fusing a segment of multi-core fiber (MCF) between two segments of multimode fibers (MMFs), which is then spliced between two segments of single mode fibers (SMFs). The light is split into the cladding and different cores of [...] Read more.
An interference filter is designed by fusing a segment of multi-core fiber (MCF) between two segments of multimode fibers (MMFs), which is then spliced between two segments of single mode fibers (SMFs). The light is split into the cladding and different cores of the MCF through the first segment of MMF, which is then coupled back into the core of SMF by the second segment of MMF. When the lengths of MCF are selected to be 4 mm and 10 mm, the 3 dB bandwidths of the filters around 1060 nm are 8.40 nm and 4.84 nm, respectively. Applying these filters in an Yb-doped fiber laser mode-locked by nonlinear polarization rotation, stable pulses have been obtained. Compared with the reported interference filters, the filter proposed in this paper has the advantages of simple fabrication process, compact structure and high environmental stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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10 pages, 2989 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Access to Collisions between a Two-Soliton Molecule and a Soliton Singlet in an Ultrafast Fiber Laser
by Junwen Li, Heping Li, Zhuang Wang, Zhiyao Zhang, Shangjian Zhang and Yong Liu
Photonics 2022, 9(7), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070489 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1833
Abstract
Optical solitons in ultrafast fiber lasers, as a result of dual balances between dispersion and nonlinearity as well as gain and loss, enable various soliton interactions. Soliton collisions are among the most intriguing soliton interactions, which fuel the understanding for particle-like properties of [...] Read more.
Optical solitons in ultrafast fiber lasers, as a result of dual balances between dispersion and nonlinearity as well as gain and loss, enable various soliton interactions. Soliton collisions are among the most intriguing soliton interactions, which fuel the understanding for particle-like properties of solitons. Here, we experimentally investigate the transient dynamics of collisions between a two-soliton molecule and a soliton singlet in a mode-locked fiber laser. By means of the dispersive Fourier transform technique, the evolving spectral interferograms of different collision scenarios are measured in real time. In particular, the “quasi-elastic” collision is observed, which shows that the soliton-molecule state remains unaltered after the collision and the group-velocity difference between the soliton molecule and the singlet is changed. It is directly demonstrated that a bond exchange occurs between the colliding solitons. By tuning the intra-cavity polarization controller, the dynamic processes of other collision outcomes, including the annihilation of a soliton in the soliton molecule as well as the formation of a stable unequally spaced soliton triplet, are also revealed. Our work facilitates a deeper understanding of soliton collision dynamics in ultrafast fiber lasers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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8 pages, 4521 KiB  
Article
Passively Mode-Locked Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on Fe3O4 Nanosheets Saturable Absorber
by Dongjian Xu, Huaiwei Zhang, Jiying Peng, Junhao Chen, Xiangpeng Yang, Decai Li, Zhengyong Li and Yi Zheng
Photonics 2022, 9(5), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9050306 - 30 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
Two-dimensional material nanosheets have always been a research hotspot because of their unique structure and properties. We report mode-locked operation in ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) for the first time by adopting Fe3O4 nanosheets as a saturable absorber (SA). The laser [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional material nanosheets have always been a research hotspot because of their unique structure and properties. We report mode-locked operation in ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) for the first time by adopting Fe3O4 nanosheets as a saturable absorber (SA). The laser is capable of generating 456 ps pulses, centered around 1039 nm. Our results manifest that Fe3O4 nanosheets are expected to become a new type of saturable absorber, which can better promote the development of mode-locked lasers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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14 pages, 1117 KiB  
Article
Pulse Shape Estimation in a DSR Fiber Laser Using the Genetic Algorithm
by Faouzi Bahloul, Mariem Boussaidi, Abdullah S. Karar and Mohamed Salhi
Photonics 2022, 9(4), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040212 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2270
Abstract
Exploiting the computing power of the genetic algorithm, a numerical study of dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) in a ring laser mode-locked by a real saturable absorber (SA) is conducted. A section of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is inserted into the laser cavity design [...] Read more.
Exploiting the computing power of the genetic algorithm, a numerical study of dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) in a ring laser mode-locked by a real saturable absorber (SA) is conducted. A section of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is inserted into the laser cavity design to facilitate accurate control of both dispersion and nonlinearity. The influence of the cavity parameters on the evolution of the DSR pulses is systematically analyzed. The genetic algorithm demonstrates that the generation of DSR square pulses depends directly on the PCF dispersion, the PCF nonlinearity, the PCF length, and the modulation depth of the SA. Finally, the sensitivity of the DSR pulse width, peak power and energy to perturbations in a few key design parameters are highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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8 pages, 1696 KiB  
Communication
Yb-Doped Fiber Chirped Pulse Amplification System Delivering 1 mJ, 231 fs at 1 kHz Repetition Rate
by Haitao Zhang, Jiaqi Zu, Decai Deng, Haozhen Xu and Junyu Chen
Photonics 2022, 9(2), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020067 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3122
Abstract
In this paper a single-channel chirped pulse amplification laser system based on Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber was constructed, which achieved a pulse energy output of 1 mJ with a beam quality close to the diffraction limit. Pulsed synchronous pumping was used to suppress [...] Read more.
In this paper a single-channel chirped pulse amplification laser system based on Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber was constructed, which achieved a pulse energy output of 1 mJ with a beam quality close to the diffraction limit. Pulsed synchronous pumping was used to suppress amplified spontaneous emission at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The de-chirped pulse width of 231 fs was achieved by precise systematic dispersion control, and the corresponding peak power reached 3.85 GW. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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12 pages, 4162 KiB  
Article
Output Pulse Characteristics of a Mamyshev Fiber Oscillator
by Haili Han, Nan-Kuang Chen, Liqiang Zhang, Yanru Xie, Zhen Tian, Yicun Yao, Yuanchuan Huang and Xia Zhang
Photonics 2021, 8(12), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8120590 - 18 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2928
Abstract
The dependence of the output pulse characteristics of a Mamyshev fiber oscillator on cavity parameters is investigated in detail. We analyze the change in pulse spectrum bandwidth, pulse duration, dechirped pulse duration and chirp with the change in fiber group velocity dispersion, fiber [...] Read more.
The dependence of the output pulse characteristics of a Mamyshev fiber oscillator on cavity parameters is investigated in detail. We analyze the change in pulse spectrum bandwidth, pulse duration, dechirped pulse duration and chirp with the change in fiber group velocity dispersion, fiber nonlinearity, gain, and filters by putting forward a numerical model. In particular, as one of the most important components, the effect of filters bandwidth and the central wavelength interval between them is discussed. The passive fibers are classified into two kinds according to their locations in the cavity, which are the one before the gain fiber and the one after the gain fiber. Numerical simulation results show that a wide spectrum can be obtained by increasing the nonlinearity of the second passive fiber, while the change in nonlinearity of the first passive fiber has a weak effect on spectrum broadening. A wide spectrum could also be obtained by increasing the nonlinearity or the small-signal gain coefficient of the gain fiber. A Yb-doped Mamyshev fiber oscillator is demonstrated. The results show the increase in pump power, which agrees reasonably well with the numerical simulation results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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Review

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17 pages, 2978 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances and Outlook in Single-Cavity Dual Comb Lasers
by Chenghong Zhang, Fangrui Qu, Peiwen Ou, Haoqi Sun, Shi He and Bo Fu
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020221 - 18 Feb 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3572
Abstract
Dual-comb spectroscopy as an emerging tool for spectral analysis has been investigated in a wide range of applications, including absorption spectroscopy, light detection and ranging, and nonlinear spectral imaging. Two mutually coherent combs facilitate high-precision, high-resolution, and broadband spectroscopy. Recently, dual combs generated [...] Read more.
Dual-comb spectroscopy as an emerging tool for spectral analysis has been investigated in a wide range of applications, including absorption spectroscopy, light detection and ranging, and nonlinear spectral imaging. Two mutually coherent combs facilitate high-precision, high-resolution, and broadband spectroscopy. Recently, dual combs generated from a single cavity have become compelling options for dual-comb spectroscopy, enabling huge simplification to measuring systems. Here, we review the progress of single-cavity dual comb lasers in recent years and summarize the distinctive advantages of single-cavity dual combs. First, the principles of optical frequency comb and dual-comb spectroscopy are introduced in time and frequency domains. Then, the implementation techniques and typical applications of single-cavity dual comb lasers are discussed, including directional multiplexing, wavelength multiplexing, polarization multiplexing, and space multiplexing. Finally, an outlook on the development of single-cavity dual combs is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mode Locked Fiber Laser)
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