Isolated subsurface structures readily collect solvents spilled onto surrounding surfaces or poured into opening(s) in the manhole cover. Fatal overexposures and fires/explosions have occurred following these events. This work documents evaporation o...
It is believed that isolated subsurface structures of an infrastructure do not ventilate through opening(s) in manhole covers. The literature has almost no information on this topic. This study reports on considerations involved in the development an...
This article describes the development and demonstration of a non-intrusive method for the quantitative determination of speed of air movement along the ground and inside an isolated subsurface structure, a type of confined space. Natural ventilation...
This article describes development and confirmatory testing of a method to study the evaporation of a volatile solvent containing ignitable ingredients in an isolated subsurface structure, a type of confined space. Accidental spillage and surreptitio...
This study reports on near-surface airspeed measured using a fast-responding thermoanemometer during an investigation of ventilation of an isolated subsurface structure induced by natural forces. Air speed changes continuously, rapidly, and unpredict...
Worldwide, infrastructure contains millions of isolated subsurface structures. Most, if not all, meet requirements for classification as confined spaces. Workers routinely enter and work in these structures. Ventilation of these spaces by air exchang...
The subsurface infrastructure comprises many types of isolated structures, a type of confined space. This study reports on the effect of engine operating time, number/area and spacing of openings in the manhole cover, and operation during different s...
Tribological loading can substantially modify the near-surface structures of nanocrystalline metals, yet the microstructural evolution of worn tribolayers remains insufficiently understood. Here, an electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni coating with an...
Four bioactive compounds have been isolated from the fungus Oidiodendron griseum UBOCC-A-114129 cultivated from deep subsurface sediment. They were structurally characterized using a combination of LC–MS/MS and NMR analyses as fuscin and its derivati...
Mining waste management is a significant environmental challenge that requires effective technical and economic solutions. In this context, the use of underground storage systems is sometimes a viable option to isolate this type of mining waste from...
Integrated Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Induced Polarization (IP) studies were performed to identify potential tin (Sn) mineralization prospects in the Eastern Tin Belt of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 23 profiles were obtained utilizin...
Rapid underground development in cities increases the hidden risks of roadbed cavities. Traditional geophysical methods, such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR), are costly and unsuitable for automated large-scale monitoring. This paper proposes a dis...
The integration of aeromagnetic, gamma-ray spectrometric, and remote sensing approaches was used to delineate structural configurations and identify potential mineralization sites in the Wadi Queih area, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Focusing on weathered P...
In the Missan oilfields, the linkage among basement faults, halokinesis, and hydrocarbon accumulation, and their control on structural-trap geometry and seal effectiveness, remains insufficiently constrained, especially the timing/drivers of salt pie...
Digital rock technology is essential for characterizing the petrophysical properties of tight reservoirs. However, conventional construction methods often yield models with insufficient pore connectivity due to low porosity and complex nanopore struc...
Advanced high strength dual-phase steels are one of the most widely sought-after structural materials for automotive applications. These high strength steels, however, are prone to fracture under bending-dominated manufacturing processes. Experimenta...
The CO2-brine dissolution homogenizes the distribution of residual CO2 and reduces the leakage risk in the saline aquifer. As a key parameter to immobilize the free CO2, the dissolution rate of CO2-brine could be accelerated through mechanisms like d...
Measure-While-Drilling (MWD) data provide real-time insight into subsurface conditions and drilling performance, yet their complexity and operational noise often hinder reliable modeling. This study demonstrates the role of Exploratory Data Analysis...
Composite materials are extensively used in the aeronautical and aerospace industries for their high strength-to-weight ratios but are vulnerable to barely visible impact damage (BVID), which can severely compromise structural integrity. Digital shea...
The deep terrestrial subsurface, hundreds of meters to kilometers below the surface, is characterized by oligotrophic conditions, dark and often anoxic settings, with fluctuating pH, salinity, and water availability. Despite this, microbial populatio...
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a key non-destructive technique for subsurface reconstruction, widely valued for its ability to image buried structures without disruption. Among its various implementations, vehicle-mounted GPR has emerged as partic...
The geological storage of CO2 in the Earth’s subsurface has the potential to significantly offset greenhouse gas emissions for safe, economical, and acceptable public use. Due to legal advantages and vast resource capacity, offshore CO2 storage...
Outlined is a proposal designed to culminate in the foundry fabrication of arrays of singly addressable quantum dot sources deterministically emitting single pairs of energy-time entangled photons at C-band wavelengths, each pair having negligible sp...
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys map subsurface electrical structures by deploying transmitter and receiver coils on an airborne platform. However, platform-induced vibrations are transmitted to the sensors, generating strong motion-induced noi...
Understanding tortuosity is essential for accurately modeling fluid flow in complex porous media, particularly in the sub-surface reservoir rock; therefore, tortuosity estimation was evaluated using three approaches: Streamline streamline simulations...
This study investigates the subsurface rooting of the Merija anticline in the Missour Basin, Morocco, with a focus on copper mineralization exploration. A sequential geophysical workflow was implemented, combining gravity surveys, electrical resistiv...
This article evaluates the contribution of multi-temporal UAV remote sensing to archaeological prospection in a Dutch grassland context, using the moated castle site of ’t Huis ten Bosch as a detailed case study. Six UAV campaigns, spanning mor...
Al-Cr-Fe-Ni eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) with an FCC + B2 dual-phase microstructure are promising candidates for high-temperature structural applications, yet the competitive oxidation behavior between the two phases at elevated temperatures...
The catalyst preparation route is well known to affect the copper loading and its electronic state, which influence the properties of the resulting catalyst. Electronic states of copper ions in copper-containing silicalites with the MFI-framework top...
Understanding complex carbonate fracture networks and karstification at various geological scales is challenging, especially with limited multi-scale datasets. This paper aims to reduce uncertainty in the fracture architecture of Central Luconia kars...
Quantifying changes in groundwater storage (GWS) remains a fundamental challenge in hydrology, given the sparsity of long-term in situ monitoring networks and the inherent difficulty of direct subsurface observation. Although GRACE and GRACE-FO satel...
The present work explores the use of geophysical surveys as valuable tools for the study and sustainable management of landslides, with a particular focus on Ecuador. As an Andean country, Ecuador’s geomorphology and geology are dominated by vo...
The quartz-K-feldspar-cemented breccia of Berglia-Glassberget in the Lierne municipality in central Norway forms an ellipsoid structure 250 m × 500 m in size. The hydrothermal breccia is barren in terms of economic commodities but famous among minera...
In the middle and late stages of gas field development, the establishment of a fine reservoir lithological model is an important basis for drilling well pattern adjustment and potential exploitation. The SU 36-11 area of the Ordos basin in China is d...
Ferdinandea Island, part of a shallow-water submarine volcanic field, emerged in the Sicily Channel between Italy and Tunisia in July 1831 and was eroded below sea level within months; its submerged remnant forms the shallowest water depth region of...
Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated NC18T and NC20, were isolated from the sediment near-vertical borehole effluent originating 714 m below the subsurface located in the S...
The Jizhong Depression boasts rich geothermal resources with a lengthy history of geothermal exploitation. Buried hill geothermal reservoirs, which serve as primary thermal sources for hydrothermal resource exploitation, are prevalent in this region...
In view of the advantage of cross-polarized inspection (CrPI) in microwave nondestructive testing (MNT), in this paper a dual-polarized narrow-beam antenna as the pivotal reflectometric sensor is systematically designed and realized particularly for...
3 November 2022
The hydrodynamics of a river confluence generate significant vertical, lateral, and stream-wise gradients in the context of velocity, thereby forming a highly complex three-dimensional flow structure, including the development of large-scale turbulen...
In order to cope with the rise in human-caused demands, Saudi Arabia is exploring new groundwater sources. The groundwater potential of Wadi Ranyah was studied using a multi-dataset-integrated approach that included time-variable gravity data from th...
This study examines how filler-specific processing and the resulting spatial organization govern the structural response and measured electrical behaviour of epoxy nanocomposites containing graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene oxide (GO), or molybd...
The surface of the Great Wall harbors a large number of non-vascular plants dominated by cyanobacteria, lichens and mosses as well as microorganisms, and form biocrusts by cementing with the soils and greatly alters the pore structure of the soil and...