Genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescent proteins (FPs) allow for the real-time monitoring of molecular dynamics in space and time, which are crucial for the proper functioning and regulation of complex cellular processes. Depending on the...
Genetically encoded biosensors represent cutting-edge biosensors due to their capabilities in real-time monitoring and precise control in living cells. However, the development of eukaryotic genetically encoded biosensors for new analytes is constrai...
One of the challenges of modern biology and medicine is to visualize biomolecules in their natural environment, in real-time and in a non-invasive fashion, so as to gain insight into their physiological behavior and highlight alterations in pathologi...
Genetically encoded fluorescence lifetime biosensors have emerged as powerful tools for quantitative imaging, enabling precise measurement of cellular metabolites, molecular interactions, and dynamic cellular processes. This review provides an overvi...
Genetically encoded biosensors based on engineered fluorescent proteins (FPs) are essential tools for monitoring the dynamics of specific ions and molecules in biological systems. Arsenic ion in the +3 oxidation state (As3+) is highly toxic to cells...
Genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescent proteins in combination with fiber-optic neurointerface technology constitute a powerful tool for neurobiological research. Optical fibers can be implanted into the target brain regions of laborator...
Adenosine 5′-triphosphate, or ATP, is the primary molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. ATP is mainly produced via oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, and to a lesser extent, via glycolysis in the cytosol. In general, cy...
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a key role in signal transduction pathways as a second messenger. Studies on the cAMP dynamics provided useful scientific insights for drug development and treatment of cAMP-related diseases such as some ca...
The development of cell models of human diseases based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and a cell therapy approach based on differentiated iPSC derivatives has provided a powerful stimulus in modern biomedical research development. Moreover...
Lysozyme is widely used as a model protein in studies of structure–function relationships. Recently, lysozyme has gained attention for use in accelerating the degradation of secondary sludge, which mainly consists of bacteria. However, a high-t...
Fluorescence- or Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a measurable physical energy transfer phenomenon between appropriate chromophores, when they are in sufficient proximity, usually within 10 nm. This feature has made them incredibly useful...
The intracellular concentrations of oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells represent critical information for investigating physiological and pathological conditions. Real-time measurement often relies on genetically encoded protein...
Cellular iron supply is required for various biochemical processes. Measuring bioavailable iron in cells aids in obtaining a better understanding of its biochemical activities but is technically challenging. Existing techniques have several constrain...
Background: The fast development of microbial production strains for basic and fine chemicals is increasingly carried out in small scale cultivation systems to allow for higher throughput. Such parallelized systems create a need for new rapid online...
Neurodegenerative diseases present a progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, leading to cell death and irrecoverable brain atrophy. Most have disease-modifying therapies, in part because the mechanisms of neurodegeneration are yet to be...
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) play an important role in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle and are involved in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, which drive metabolism, regeneration, and adaptation in skeletal musc...
The status of lactate has evolved from being considered a waste product of cellular metabolism to a useful metabolic substrate and, more recently, to a signaling molecule. The fluctuations of lactate levels within biological tissues, in particular in...
Nitrate (NO3−) serves as a pivotal molecule with dual functions in nutrient supply and signaling during plant growth and development. Precise monitoring of its spatiotemporal dynamics in planta is therefore essential for dissecting the regulato...
Redox reactions are of high fundamental and practical interest since they are involved in both normal physiology and the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, this area of research has always been a relatively problematic field in the context of...
Biosensors are indispensable tools to understand a plant’s immunity as its spatiotemporal dimension is key in withstanding complex plant immune signaling. The diversity of genetically encoded biosensors in plants is expanding, covering new analytes w...
Fluorescent protein-based biosensors are indispensable molecular tools for life science research. The invention and development of high-fidelity biosensors for a particular molecule or molecular event often catalyze important scientific breakthroughs...
The dispersion of uranium in the environment can pose a problem for the health of humans and other living organisms. It is therefore important to monitor the bioavailable and hence toxic fraction of uranium in the environment, but no efficient measur...
Genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescent proteins (FPs) are a reliable tool for studying the various biological processes in living systems. The circular permutation of single FPs led to the development of an extensive class of biosensors...
Among biosensors, genetically-encoded FRET-based biosensors are widely used to localize and measure enzymatic activities. Kinases activities are of particular interest as their spatiotemporal regulation has become crucial for the deep understanding o...
For rapid and convenient detection of living endothelial cells (ECs) specifically without immunostaining, we developed a biosensor based on turn-on fluorescent protein, named LV-EcpG. It includes a high-affinity peptide E12P obtained through phage di...
Engineered microorganisms such as the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) offer a strategy to sense and modulate the concentration of metabolites or therapeutics in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we present an approach to regulate...
Understanding how dopamine (DA) encodes behavior depends on technologies that can reliably monitor DA release in freely-behaving animals. Recently, red and green genetically encoded sensors for DA (dLight, GRAB-DA) were developed and now provide the...
Zebrafish embryos have been proposed as a cost-effective vertebrate model to study heart function. Many fluorescent genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECIs) have been developed, but those with ratiometric readout seem more appropriate to image a m...
Optosensorics is the direction of research possessing the possibility of non-invasive monitoring of the concentration of intracellular ions or activity of intracellular components using specific biosensors. In recent years, genetically encoded protei...
RhoB is an atypical Rho GTPase whose function is tightly linked to its subcellular localization and membrane trafficking, reflecting its unique post-translational modifications and association with endosomal membranes in addition to the plasma membra...
The authors wish to add an Acknowledgments section to their paper published in Sensors [1], doi:10.3390/s151026281, website: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/10/26281. [...]
Carotenoid biosynthesis in Corynebacteriumglutamicum is controlled by the MarR-type regulator CrtR, which represses transcription of the promoter of the crt operon (PcrtE) and of its own gene (PcrtR). Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), and to a les...
Fluorescent biosensors to detect the bona fide events of biologically important molecules in living cells are increasingly demanded in the field of molecular cell biology. Recent advances in the development of fluorescent biosensors have made an outs...
Luciferase-based reporters provide a key measurement approach in a broad range of applications, from in vitro high-throughput screening to whole animal imaging. For example, luminescence intensity is widely used to measure promoter activity, protein...
Hypoxia is characterized by low oxygen content in the tissues. The central nervous system (CNS) is highly vulnerable to a lack of oxygen. Prolonged hypoxia leads to the death of brain cells, which underlies the development of many pathological condit...
Cytosolic pH (pHcyt) regulates a wide range of cellular processes in plants. Changes in pHcyt occurring under the effect of different stressors can participate in signal transmission. The dynamics of pHcyt under the action of external factors, includ...
The color palette of genetically encoded fluorescent protein indicators (GEFPIs) has expanded rapidly in recent years. GEFPIs with excitation and emission within the “optical window” above 600 nm are expected to be superior in many aspects, such as e...
Monitoring of intracellular pH changes in situ can provide valuable information about cellular metabolism and a deeper understanding of physiological processes. Most traditional fluorescent indicators are only capable of a relative assessment of chan...
Metabolism is a tightly controlled, but plastic network of pathways that allow cells to grow and maintain homeostasis. As a normal cell transforms into a malignant cancer cell and proliferates to establish a tumor, it utilizes a variety of metabolic...
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) sustains reductive biosynthesis, antioxidant defense, oxidase activity, and redox signaling; nevertheless, studies framed as “NADPH imaging” often interrogate biochemically non-e...
Förster or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology and genetically encoded FRET biosensors provide a powerful tool for visualizing signaling molecules in live cells with high spatiotemporal resolution. Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are...
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Parkinson’s disease (PD). Since there is cu...
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between fluorophores of the same species was recognized in the early to mid-1900s, well before modern heterotransfer applications. Recently, homotransfer FRET principles have re-emerged in biosensors that inco...
Membrane potentials display the cellular status of non-excitable cells and mediate communication between excitable cells via action potentials. The use of genetically encoded biosensors employing fluorescent proteins allows a non-invasive biocompatib...
Inspired by the modular architecture of natural signaling proteins, ligand binding proteins are equipped with two fluorescent proteins (FPs) in order to obtain Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors. Here, we investigated a glucose...
Granzyme B (GZMB) is a key enzyme released by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells to induce apoptosis in target cells. We designed a novel fluorogenic biosensor which is able to assess GZMB activity in a specific and sensitive...
Protein kinases (PKs) are established gameplayers in biological signalling pathways, and a large body of evidence points to their dysregulation in diseases, in particular cancer, where rewiring of PK networks occurs frequently. Fluorescent biosensors...
The use of lead in manufacturing has decreased significantly over the last few decades. However, previous widespread use of lead-containing products and their incorrect disposal has resulted in environmental contamination. Accumulation of harmful qua...
The five basic taste modalities, sweet, bitter, umami, salty and sour induce changes of Ca2+ levels, pH and/or membrane potential in taste cells of the tongue and/or in neurons that convey and decode gustatory signals to the brain. Optical biosensors...
Zebrafish larvae have emerged as a valuable model for studying heart physiology and pathophysiology, as well as for drug discovery, in part thanks to its transparency, which simplifies microscopy. However, in fluorescence-based optical mapping, the b...
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