One of the consequences of driving a plasma discharge away from the thermodynamic equilibrium is the appearance of one or more fireballs in front of the anode. The formation of this self-organized space charge structure marks the transformation of pa...
The engineering correlations for assessment of hazard distance defined by a size of fireball after either liquid hydrogen spill combustion or high-pressure hydrogen tank rupture in a fire in the open atmosphere (both for stand-alone and under-vehicle...
Radiation fireballs are singular phenomena which involve severe thermal radiation and, consequently, they need to be duly assessed and prevented. Although the radiative heat transfer produced by a sphere is relatively well known, the shadowing measur...
The understanding of blast loads is critical for the development of infrastructure that protects against explosions. However, the lack of high-quality experimental work on the characterisation of such loads prevents a better understanding of many sce...
With the rapid development of high-pressure combustible gas pipelines, it brings convenience and also buries potential safety hazards. This paper presents an in-depth exploration of the thermal radiation hazards of fireball accidents caused by leakag...
In the present study, pilot simulations of the phenomena of blast wave and fireball generated by the rupture of a high-pressure (35 MPa) hydrogen tank (volume 72 L) due to fire were carried out. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model includes t...
One of the main interests of high-energy physics is the study of the phase diagram and the localization of phase transitions from hadronic to quark–gluonic matter. There are different techniques to study the hot matter. One of them is femtoscop...
Large meteoroids can be registered in infrasound recordings during their entry into the Earth’s atmosphere. A comprehensive study of 10 large fireball events of the years 2018 and 2019 highlights their detection and characterization using globa...
We describe fireballs that rehadronize from a perfect fluid of quark matter, characterized by the lattice QCD equation of state, to a chemically frozen, multi-component mixture, that contains various kinds of observable hadrons. For simplicity and cl...
It has been observationally established that supernovae (SNe) of Type Ic produce long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and that neutron star mergers generate short hard GRBs. SN-Less GRBs presumably originate in a phase transition of a neutron star i...
Gamma-ray bursts are the most powerful explosions in the universe and are mainly placed at very large redshifts, up to
We present new, exact, finite solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics for longitudinally expanding fireballs for arbitrary constant value of the speed of sound. These new solutions generalize earlier, longitudinally finite, exact solutions, from an u...
What is the probability that ball lightning (BL) is a real phenomenon of nature? The answer depends on your prior information. If you are one of those lucky men who had a close encounter with a BL and escaped unscathed, your probability that it is re...
Hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) operating at high pressures pose a higher risk of leakage than conventional gas stations. Therefore, in this study, a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) was conducted using DNV-GL SAFETI v.8.9. The impact of the shut...
We present a curated, openly accessible dataset of 71 regional meteor events simultaneously recorded by optical and infrasound instrumentation between 2006 and 2011. These events were captured during an observational campaign using the all-sky camera...
We present the first fully curated, publicly accessible archive of infrasonic records from ten large bolide events documented by the U.S. Air Force Technical Applications Center’s global microbarometer network between 1960 and 1972. Captured on...
Bursts and flares are among the distinctive observational manifestations of magnetars, isolated neutron stars endowed with an ultra-strong magnetic field (
The afterglow data of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) can be used to constrain the physical properties of the fireball (e.g., the jet structure and opening angle) and the circumburst medium. With the peak time of the early afterglow light curve being taken a...
We present a new family of exact solutions of dissipative fireball hydrodynamics for arbitrary bulk and shear viscosities. The main property of these solutions is a spherically symmetric, Hubble flow field. The motivation of this paper is mostly acad...
The recent advancements in pulsed laser deposition (PLD) control via plasma diagnostics techniques have been positive and raised questions on the limitation of some techniques, such as the Langmuir probe (LP). The particularities of laser-produced pl...
The use of propylene (C3H6) in semiconductor manufacturing processes is increasing, and conventional 47 L cylinder supply systems are recognized as a primary source of leakage accidents associated with human error due to the need for frequent manual...
Multispectral temperature measurement technology based on blackbody radiation theory has been widely applied in the field of non-contact temperature measurement. However, its applicability is limited by the single-point measurement mode. To address t...
The involvement of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is highly combustible and explosive, greatly increases risk in road transport. A 3D numerical model was conducted in FLACS, which depicts the dynamic process and variation of combined effects al...
Pioneering networks of cameras that can search for wildland fire signatures have been in development for some years (High Performance Wireless Research & Education Network—HPWREN cameras and the ALERT Wildfire camera). While these cameras h...
The risk of physical destruction of a pressure cylinder increases with increasing temperature load. Acetylene is a significant hazardous gas in cylinders. If the destruction pressure is reached, the cylinder is torn into two or more pieces, followed...
This study presents an advanced NOx reduction strategy for a 330 MW lignite-fired boiler using an immunological AI system: the SILO (Stochastic Immune Layer Optimizer) combustion optimizer inspired by artificial immune systems. The immunological AI o...
This paper presents experimental characterization of plasmoids (fireballs) obtained by directing localized microwave power (<1 kW at 2.45 GHz) onto a silicon-based substrate in a microwave cavity. The plasmoid emerges up from the hotspot created...
The first meter-scale interstellar meteor (IM1) was detected by US government sensors in 2014, identified as an interstellar object candidate in 2019, and confirmed by the Department of Defense (DoD) in 2022. We use data from a nearby seismometer to...
Tangential-firing boilers develop large swirling fireballs by using pulverized coal and air from the corners of the burner zone. During operation, however, the boiler may experience an uneven air supply between corners; this deforms the fireball, rai...
Operational activities of gas pipelines are associated with potential hazards and risks that can potentially lead to pipeline failure, including failure of the gas distribution pipeline in existing buildings. Unfortunately, few studies on risk analys...
Gamma-ray bursts are known to display various features on top of their canonical behavior. In this short review, we will describe and discuss two of them: the ultra-long gamma-ray bursts, which are defined by an extreme duration of their prompt phase...
We compare the chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) and the linear sigma model (LSM) as realizations of low energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) for light mesons in a chirally-imbalanced medium. The relations between the low-energy constants of the chira...
Studies on heavy ion collisions have discovered that tiny fireballs of a new phase of matter—quark gluon plasma (QGP)—undergo an explosion, called the Little Bang. In spite of its small size, not only is it well described by hydrodynamics, but even s...
Thermal radiation from high-yield airbursts constitutes a major damage mechanism. To address thermal radiation transmission in complex environments, a ray-tracing-based computational model is developed. This model incorporates atmospheric attenuation...
The Nuclotron at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna can deliver gold beams with kinetic energies between 2 and 4.5 A GeV. In heavy-ion collisions at these energies, it is expected that the nuclear fireball will be compressed by up to a...
In a ground-interacting nuclear explosion, elements derived from environmental and anthropogenic material, such as iron, silicon, and aluminum, can be incorporated into the fireball. When significant amounts of metals are entrained, the resulting mel...
Here, we reconsider the historical data, assuming a gamma-ray burst (GRB) as its source. A Supernova correlated with the GRB explains well the fading time observed by the ancient Chinese astronomers in the daytime and the nighttime, while the GRB pow...
The anisotropic flow of photons produced in relativistic nuclear collisions is known as a promising observable for studying the initial state and the subsequent evolution of the hot and dense medium formed in such collisions. The investigation of pho...
The fixed-target NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) seeks to find the critical point (CR) of strongly interacting matter as well as the properties of the onset of deconfinement. The experiment provides a scan of measurem...
The automatic observation of the night sky through wide-angle video systems with the aim of detecting meteor and fireballs is currently among routine astronomical observations. The observation is usually done in multi-station or network mode, so it i...
We revisit universal features of duality in linear and nonlinear relativistic scalar and Abelian 1-form theories with single or multiple fields, which exhibit ordinary or generalized global symmetries. We show that such global symmetries can be inter...
The blast-wave model with Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics is used to examine the transverse momentum spectra of
Sodium-ion batteries are generally considered a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance and low cost of sodium. However, their main limitation is the lack of an appropriate anode, since the usual graphite electrode used in...
Edible flowers are consumed for their appearance, colours, nutritional and healthy properties, but the use is limited by the actual number of the species. Seven edible flowers of the Lamiaceae family (Ocimeae and Mentheae tribes) were investigated: M...
We considered the topic of explosions from spherical high-explosive (HE) charges. We studied how the turbulent combustion fields scale. On the basis of theories of dimensional analysis by Bridgman and similarity theories of Sedov and Barenblatt, we f...
This paper investigates the symmetry breaking between the polarizations of
Due to its sensitivity to the dynamics of strongly interacting matter subject to extreme conditions, hyperon global polarization has become an important observable to study the system created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Recently, the STAR a...
In order to describe the heavy ion collision dynamics which implies the formation of hot and very dense nuclear matter in the overlapping region of the two colliding nuclei, we used simulated numerical calculations for FAIR available energies. We use...
PTFE/Al reactive material is an energetic material that releases energy under impact conditions, resulting in a wide range of application prospects. In order to improve its damage ability—considering the higher heat of the reaction per unit mas...
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt is designed to investigate the properties of high-density QCD matter with multi-differential measurements of hadrons and lepton...
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