This study used reanalysis and lidar observations to investigate nocturnal downslope wind events in the Taklimakan desert, revealing their vertical structure, influencing factors, climatology, and impacts on boundary layer dynamics and dust emissions...
This study investigates a summer heat wave (HW) associated with downslope winds (DWs) affecting the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. The temporal evolution of both phenomena is analyzed in the atmospheric boundary layer...
Under high-pressure systems, the nocturnal atmospheric boundary layer in the Pannonian Basin is influenced by gravity flows generated at the mountain ranges and along the valleys, determining the variability of wind and temperature at a local scale a...
Numerous dark linear recurrent features called Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL) are observed on Martian surfaces, hypothesized as footprints of high-salinity liquid flow. This paper experimentally examined this “wet hypothesis” by analyzing t...
This study describes a downslope wind storm event observed over the Medicine Bow range (Wyoming, USA) on 11 January 2013. The University of Wyoming King Air (UWKA) made four along-wind passes over a five-hour period over the mountain of interest. The...
Based on the detailed analysis of sedimentology, diagenesis, and petrophysics, this study characterized the Middle-Lower Jurassic Callovian-Oxfordian carbonate reservoirs of 68 key wells in the Amu Darya Basin and assessed the controlling factors on...
The thermally driven wind over mountainous terrains challenges the estimation of CO2 exchange between forests and the atmosphere when using the eddy covariance technique. In this study, the wind regimes were investigated in a temperate deciduous fore...
An extreme high-temperature event occurred in North China on 22 June 2023, with the maximum temperature reaching 41.8 °C. The high-temperature centers preferentially occurred at the foothills of the Taihang and Yanshan Mountains, indicating an im...
Downslope winds and lee gravity waves are common features of mountainous environments. A similar weather type at Mt. Parnassos in Arachova, Greece is known as “Katevatos” and has devastating results for the population and visitors at the local touris...
Clarifying spatiotemporal variations in transpiration and their influencing mechanisms is highly valuable for the accurate assessment of hillslope-scale transpiration and for the effective management of forest–water coordination. Here, the sap...
Land use land cover (LULC) significantly impacts local circulation in the Mexico Basin, particularly wind field circulations such as gap winds, convergence lines, and thermally induced upslope/downslope wind. A case study with a high-pressure system...
The Yeongdong region, located east of the Taebaek Mountains, South Korea, often experiences severe windstorms in spring, causing a lot of damages, especially when forest fires spread out rapidly by strong winds. Here, the characteristics and generati...
Military activity has resulted in unexploded ordnance (UXO) existing in the nearshore. Understanding and predicting UXO behavior is important for object identification, and management. Here, two studies (laboratory and fieldwork) have been conducted...
A quantitative understanding of the migration of munitions and canonical objects in the nearshore is needed for the effective management of contaminated sites. Migrations of munitions with a density range of 2000 kg/m3 to 5720 kg/m3 were quantified i...
Low-level jets (LLJs) are important features in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). In the present paper, a LLJ event during winter 2014/15 is investigated, which was observed at the Tiksi observatory (71.586° N, 128.918° E, 7 m asl)...
Regional paleoregolith is found to exist immediately below unconformities separating basin fills from basement rocks in sedimentary basins. However, the controlling role of paleoregolith on unconformity-type uranium mineralization has not been quanti...
Density-driven exchange flows, which are important to the transport of nutrients, pollutants and chemical substances without external forcing, were studied through laboratory lock-exchange experiments. Rigid and emergent cylinders were placed in one...
Extracting drainage networks from a digital elevation model (DEM) with massive cells is time-consuming due to depressions and flats, where flow paths to the outlet cannot be extracted using downslope gradients. Algorithms based on a priority queue ar...
Vegetation distribution is important for regulating overland-flow hydraulics and reducing hydraulic erosion potential on slopes. However, quantitative procedures for determining the maximum admissible spacing of multi-row vegetation under specified s...
Lateral subsurface flow (LSF) is a phenomenon that is widely occurring including the hummocky ground moraine landscape. Due to the heterogeneous structure of the subsurface, transport times of pesticides and nutrients from agricultural areas to adjac...
The free-flowing traffic environment of the freeway is an important application scenario for automatic driving. In this scenario, the freeway’s geometric design is an important factor because no other vehicle affects the driving process of the...
We perform large-eddy simulations (LESs) with realistic radiation, including topographic shading, and an advanced land surface model to investigate drainage flow dynamics in an idealized compound-slope mountain geometry. This allows an analysis not o...
The local climate in Southern Patagonia is strongly influenced by the interaction between the topography and persistent westerlies, which can generate föhn events, dry and warm downslope winds. The upstream flow regime influences different f&oum...
Vento Norte (VNOR; Portuguese for North Wind) is a downslope windstorm that develops over modest terrain in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil. The regional topography is characterized by an abrupt terrain transition with e...
Soil water repellency (SWR) is a cause of low water infiltration, overland flow and soil erosion in mountainous coniferous plantations in Japan. The factors determining SWR intensity were investigated in two coniferous plantations of Chamaecyparis ob...
Along-slope bottom currents and down-slope (gravity-driven) turbidity currents coexist in the ocean and interact during their flow processes. The interaction between turbidity currents and bottom currents plays a crucial role in determining the later...
Understanding the marine hydro-thermohaline environment is essential for terrestrial meteorology and the coastal ecosystem. Here, we provide insight into the hydro-thermohaline environment at the Qiongdongnan continental slope of the northern South C...
This research developed a new approach for calculating the area over which water spreads after being released from a confined conduit onto a sloped planar surface with defined roughness. In particular, the goal was to predict how stormwater would spr...
Green infrastructure is imperative for efficiently mitigating flood disasters in urban areas. However, inadequate green space planning under rapid urbanization is a critical issue faced by most Chinese cities. Aimed at theoretically understanding the...
Debris flows are rapid downslope movements of soil and rock (a type of external geodynamic process) typically triggered by extreme rainfall, posing significant threats to infrastructure and human lives. The objective of this study is to assess the re...
Groundwater zone formation in the soil layers of a headwater catchment is an important factor that controls volumetric and chemical changes in streamflow; it also induces shallow landslides. Previous studies have suggested that the groundwater zone i...
Fifteen cases were selected from May to September 2010 to 2021 to study the moisture transport of nocturnal rainstorms in mountainous areas around the western Sichuan Basin (western SCB). Nocturnal rainstorms mainly occur along mountains in southwest...
This study examines the kinematic behavior of a large-scale colluvial landslide in a coastal low-elevation forest, where rainfall, geological formations, and hydrological conditions drive substantial slope displacement. The landslide comprises a coll...
On 8 August 2023, a grass fire that started in the city of Lahaina, Hawai’i, grew into the deadliest wildfire in the United States since 1918. This wildfire offers a unique opportunity to explore the impact of high heat output on an atmospheric...
Changes in the large fire seasons induced by climate variability may have implications in several sectors of modern society. This communication aims to investigate possible changes in the behaviour of active fires during the wintertime and document a...
To assess the influence of an intermediate coarse layer on the slope stability during heavy rainfall, knowledge about water movement and how slope failure occurs is important. To clarify the characteristics of water infiltration in a multi-layered sl...
Soil creep is common along the hillslopes of the tropical Andes of Colombia, where very heterogeneous soils develop on old debris flow deposits and are subjected to abundant rainfall with a bimodal annual regime. In particular, the western hillside o...
We present a model for the morphodynamics of tidal basin-inlet-delta systems at the centennial time scales. Tidal flow is calculated through a friction dominated model, with a semi-empirical correction to account for the advection of momentum. Transp...
An OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics model setup is proposed for simulating thermally driven winds in mountain–valley systems. As a first step, the choice of Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes
Soil hydrological response is crucial for controlling water flow and biogeochemical processes on hillslopes. Understanding soil water dynamics in response to rainfall is essential for accurate hydrological modeling but remains challenging in humid mo...
Large deformation runout is a key factor in assessing the hazards posed by underwater landslides. However, conventional kinematic analyses often neglect both the progressive degradation of slope materials and the hydrodynamic response accompanying th...
To understand the geomorphological contrast between the northern and southern parts of the Southeast Greenland margin with its marked differences in sedimentary regime, bathymetric and seismic reflection, data have been compiled and analysed. While p...
Coal gangue deposits may develop debris flows under hydraulic loading, yet how slope angle affects initiation and internal responses remains unclear. Flume experiments were conducted using coal gangue from western Beijing at 12°, 16°, 20°...
Based on multibeam bathymetric data and high-resolution shallow sub-bottom profiles acquired during China’s 10th Arctic Scientific Expedition Cruise in 2019, a sediment wave field was found on the western slope of the Chukchi Rise, in the Arcti...
Rill erosion is an important source of sediment on steep disturbed hillslopes, although the interaction among runoff accumulation, rill micromorphological evolution, and sediment response remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated ril...
High fluvial input combined with specific topographic and oceanographic settings in the Caspian Sea create favorable conditions for contourite deposition. For the first time in its middle portion, contourite deposits have been observed in high-resolu...
Chaos terrain, expressed as enigmatic blocky landscapes on Mars, has poorly understood origins. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain chaos terrain formation, but none fully account for the morphologies observed in Galilaei crater, the...
Morphological problems for distinguishing between glacier ice, glacier ice with a debris cover (debris-covered glaciers), and rock glaciers are outlined with respect to recognising and mapping these features. Decimal latitude–longitude [dLL] va...
Double-pulsed gas metal arc welding (DP-GMAW), in which strong and weak pulse groups alternate periodically at a low frequency, is promising for improving the weld quality of aluminum alloys. However, how the low-frequency modulation shapes the bead...
We examined the diurnal cycle of the rainfall in a coastal tropical mountainous region in central Veracruz State, Mexico (18°–21° N, 95.5°–98.5° W), featuring a striking topographic gradient running from sea level at the G...
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