When selecting a design for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the choice of the propulsion system is vital in terms of mission requirements, sustainability, usability, noise, controllability, reliability and technology readiness level (TRL). This study ana...
The so-called population balance model (PBM) is the most widely used approach to describe the grinding process. The analysis of the grinding data is carried out using—among others—the one-size fraction BII method. According to the BII met...
In closed Brayton cycle power generation systems, sudden load disturbances can induce a compressor surge in turbine–alternator–compressor systems, posing significant risks to dynamic stability and operational reliability. To address this...
In Japan, approximately 23.5 billion paper diapers are produced annually (total of diapers for infants and adults produced in 2018). The majority of used paper diapers are disposed of through incineration; in certain regions, some paper diapers are r...
The use of seawater desalination technology to solve water shortages in energy- and resource-scarce regions has attracted widespread attention worldwide. In this paper, the performance of a closed-cycle humidification–dehumidification desalinat...
An improved irreversible closed modified simple Brayton cycle model with one isothermal heating process is established in this paper by using finite time thermodynamics. The heat reservoirs are variable-temperature ones. The irreversible losses in th...
On the basis of the established irreversible simple closed gas turbine cycle model, this paper optimizes cycle performance further by applying the theory of finite-time thermodynamics. Dimensionless efficient power expression of the cycle is derived....
This paper presents thermodynamic and improvement potential analyses of a helium closed-cycle gas turbine power plant (Oberhausen II) and dominant plant components at four loads. DESIGN LOAD represents optimal operating conditions that cannot be obta...
A promising class of devices for ocean wave energy conversion is called the oscillating water column in which the wave power is transferred to an airflow that rotates a turbine. A closed cycle power takeoff (CCPTO), in which air is forced through two...
Helium-xenon (HeXe)-cooled mobile nuclear reactors have promising potential in future low-carbon energy systems. However, there is currently a lack of fast and reliable tools for analyzing the complicated dynamic characteristics of such systems. In t...
Given the growing interest among residents of large agglomerations in inhalation treatments in urban graduation towers, as well as the lack of research on the microbiological safety of brine, an attempt was made to provide new and unique information...
The recycling rate of silage and stretch films is low. The low degree of recycling of polymer films used in agriculture results from the high contamination of films and technological problems in their processing. Material recycling of haylage preserv...
Vanadium–titanium-based materials exhibit outstanding application potential in advanced energy storage systems, including ion batteries, flow batteries, and supercapacitors, owing to their excellent electrochemical performance, environmental co...
The rapid expansion of hydrogen technologies has intensified the demand for platinum group metals (PGMs), particularly platinum (Pt) and iridium (Ir). Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMW...
Purpose: It has been previously described that some women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may experience changes in glucose levels in relation to their menstrual cycle. However, whether an advanced hybrid closed-loop system (AHCL) can mitigate these cycle...
The effect of temperature on the corrosion resistance of layered double hydroxide (LDH) conversion coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy, based on a closed-cycle system, was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (XP...
Closed-Brayton-cycle (CBC) is a potential scheme to provide high-power electricity for hypersonic vehicles, but finite cold source onboard limits its power level. A thermoelectric generator (TEG) combined with CBC is a feasible power enhancement appr...
The growing demand for electricity in long-duration space missions has become a pressing concern. The space nuclear closed-Brayton-cycle (CBC) power generation system offers advantages in power output, operational lifespan, and range. However, a sign...
Globally, around half a million tonnes of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) will be in dry or wet storage by around 2050. Continued storage is not sustainable and this SNF must eventually either be disposed (the open nuclear fuel cycle) or recycled (the close...
Globally, around half a million tonnes of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) will be in dry or wet storage by around 2050. Continued storage is not sustainable, and this SNF must eventually either be disposed (the open nuclear fuel cycle) or recycled (the clos...
A combustion-based mesoscale thermal actuator is proposed and its performance is studied in both open and closed cycle operations using a physics-based lumped-parameter model. The actuator design is unique as it implements a free-piston complaint arc...
The problems faced by designers of micro-turbines are connected with a very small volume flow rate of working media which leads to small blade heights and a high rotor speed. In the case of gas turbines this limitation can be overcome by the applicat...
This paper develops simplifying entropic models of irreversible closed cycles. The entropic models involve the irreversible connections between external and internal main operational parameters with finite physical dimensions. The external parameters...
Long-lived minor actinides (MAs) are one of the primary contributors to the long-term radiological hazards of nuclear waste, and the buildup of MAs is hampering the development of nuclear power. The transmutation of MAs in reactors is regarded as a p...
The paper develops generalizing entropic approaches of irreversible closed cycles. The mathematical models of the irreversible engines (basic, with internal regeneration of the heat, cogeneration units) and of the refrigeration cycles were applied to...
This study proposes an innovative model for animal waste utilization in the largest Polish meat utilization plant, which assumes an integrated system that processes one part of the meat waste by anaerobic digestion and the second part into meat and b...
To address the issues of cumulative plastic deformation and low-cycle fatigue cracking in ultra-high voltage (UHV) disc spring hydraulic circuit breakers under long-term cyclic high-pressure loads, which lead to internal structural changes and affect...
Ensuring economic supplies of secure, affordable and clean energy is a global sustainability challenge. Previous studies have shown that, on balance, nuclear energy, based on today’s dominant light water reactors with the once-through use of nu...
This paper presents a numerical study of a closed-cycle evaporation system for the desalination of seawater. The system couples the condensing end of a heat pump with a humidifier, where the air is dehumidified in the heat pump evaporator. First, the...
In this paper, the mechanism of separation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from activated carbon adsorption beds during closed cycle temperature swing desorption was studied. Toluene gas at different concentrations was used as the gas for closed...
The internal combustion engine (ICE) as a main power source for transportation needs to improve its efficiency and reduce emissions. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising technique for exhaust heat recovery. However, vehicle engines normally...
The exhaustion of fossil fuels causes decarbonized industries to be powered by renewable energy sources and, owing to their intermittent nature, it is important to devise an efficient energy storage method. To make them more sustainable, a storage sy...
Closed adsorption storages have been investigated in several projects for heat storage in building applications with focus on energy density and performance. This study complements this research with the assessment of the environmental impacts over t...
Low-quality cotton fibers, often overlooked as low-value materials, constitute a marginalized waste stream in the cotton industry. This study endeavored to repurpose these fibers into mulch gel films, specifically exploring their efficacy in covering...
The Atkinson cycle, where expansion ratio is higher than the compression ratio, is one of the methods used to improve thermal efficiency of engines. Miller improved the Atkinson cycle by controlling the intake- or exhaust-valve closing timing, a tech...
A modified closed binary Brayton cycle model with variable isothermal pressure drop ratios is established by using finite time thermodynamics in this paper. A topping cycle, a bottoming cycle, two isothermal heating processes and variable-temperature...
This paper discusses and reviews the main real gas effects on the thermodynamic performance of closed Brayton cycles. Cycles with carbon dioxide as working fluids are taken as a reference and a comparison of the thermodynamic cycle efficiencies that...
The thermodynamic analysis of an increasing-pressure endothermic power cycle (IPEPC) integrated with closed-loop geothermal energy extraction (CLGEE) in a geothermal well at a depth from 2 km to 5 km has been carried out in this study. Using CLGEE ca...
This study presents the technological, technical, and economic basis of the solution developed by the authors for the production of biomethane based on the pretreatment of organic substrates at low temperature using solidified CO2 captured during bio...
This study examines the treatment of industrial wastewater generated during vibro-abrasive steel and Zn-Al alloy parts machining in a Polish metal-processing plant. The machining process uses grinding fluids, which are sent for disposal after becomin...
A closed-loop regeneration process for spent LiCoO2 has been successfully designed with prior synthesis of LiNixCoyMnzO2, by the authors. This research applies the methodology to lithium-ion battery anodes, using spent graphite from a decommissioned...
Industrial wastewater contains high concentrations of inorganic salts and organic matter. This experiment studied a system for treating wastewater containing high concentrations of inorganic salts and organic matter. The setup consists of a closed-cy...
The paper considers a way to bring nuclear power into the category of “green” energy technologies; thus advertising its critical role in achieving the sustainable development goals adopted by the UN in 2015, and presents an option of nucl...
To mitigate the power shortage problem in the South Pacific island nations and the equatorial area, we studied the development characteristics of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) using abundant clean ocean energy. Through the simulation of open...
Wool recycling has been practiced commercially for more than 200 years. This study used data from established, commercial processes with the aim of determining the environmental impacts of a recycled wool blend garment and the contribution of recycli...
One or more isothermal heating process was introduced to modify single and regenerative Brayton cycles by some scholars, which effectively improved the thermal efficiency and significantly reduced the emissions. To analyze and optimize the performanc...
The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCFR) with a closed Th–U fuel cycle is receiving more and more attention due to its excellent performance, such as high solubility of actinides, superior breeding capacity, and good inherent safety. In thi...
Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are becoming one of the key trends in the development of nuclear technology, offering a flexible, safe and cost-effective alternative to large nuclear power plants. This review defines the “driving force” of...
This study provides an experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of Miller cycles with various combinations of lift and intake valve closing angle for a passenger car engine with premixed combustion in naturally aspirated operation. A fully variab...
This paper develops a system–component integrated design method for a closed Brayton cycle in a nuclear-powered emergency power vehicle, optimizing the thermodynamic performance by varying the maximum operating temperature and pressure, minimum...
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