Compact toroid (CT) injection, with its characteristics of high plasma density and extremely high injection velocity, is considered a highly promising method for core fueling in fusion reactors. Previous studies have lacked investigation into the tra...
TDP-43 forms aggregates in the neurons of patients with several neurodegenerative diseases. Human TDP-43 also aggregates and is toxic in yeast. Here, we used a yeast model to investigate (1) the nature of TDP-43 aggregates and (2) the mechanism of TD...
The metastable vaterite polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) holds significant practical importance, particularly in regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and various personal care products. Controlling the size and morphology of vaterite particles...
Magnetic toroidal multipoles have recently emerged as key descriptors of unconventional cross-correlation phenomena in antiferromagnetic systems. Among them, the rank-2 magnetic toroidal quadrupole, which is characterized as a time-reversal-odd polar...
A magnetic toroidal monopole, which characterizes time-reversal-odd polar-charge quantity, manifests itself not only in antiferromagnetism but also in time-reversal switching physical responses. We theoretically investigate an atomic-scale descriptio...
In this study, we investigated toroidal shell wrinkling in free hydroforming. We specifically focused on toroidal shells with a regular hexagonal cross-section. Membrane theory was used to examine the distribution of stress and yield load in both pre...
This study investigates the role of toroidal vortex formation in torque-flow pumps and its influence on pump performance. A mathematical model of viscous fluid motion in toroidal coordinates was developed to describe the two-stage energy transfer mec...
Toroidal vortices, as intriguing topological structures, play a fundamental role across a wide range of physical fields. In this study, we theoretically propose a family of structured optical toroidal vortices as generalized forms of toroidal vortice...
Toroidal propellers, a new type of drone propellers capable of significantly reducing noise, offer new possibilities for future low-altitude flying platforms. In this study, a numerical model was established to analyze the aerodynamic noise of the to...
Because of their distinctive toroidal blade configuration, toroidal propellers can improve propulsion efficiency, reduce underwater noise, and enhance blade stability and strength. In recent years, they have emerged as an extremely promising novel un...
The magnetic toroidal dipole moment, which is induced by a vortex-type spin texture, manifests itself in parity-breaking physical phenomena, such as a linear magnetoelectric effect and nonreciprocal transport. We elucidate that a staggered alignment...
A novel forming process was developed to create rotating elements in collector coins by shaping thin-walled tubes into toroidal shells in a single stage. This process introduces new aesthetic effects and functionalities to the coin market. By control...
This paper is devoted to the hydroforming performances of toroidal pressure hulls with octagonal cross-sections, together with the buckling performances of hydroformed hulls. The octagonal cross-sections of toroidal preforms are inscribed from the ci...
Toroidal propellers hold significant potential as underwater propulsion systems compared to traditional propellers, primarily due to their unique shape, which effectively reduces and minimizes hydrodynamic noise and enhances structural stability and...
A graph G has a (d,h)-decomposition if there is a pair (D,F) such that F is a subgraph of G and D is an acyclic orientation of G−E(F), where the maximum degree of F is no more than h and the maximum out-degree of D is no more than d. This paper...
We give a deterministic drawing algorithm to draw a graph onto a torus, which is based on the usual spectral drawing algorithm. For most of the well-known toroidal vertex-transitive graphs, the result drawings give an embedding of the graphs onto the...
In this paper, a low-loss toroidal dipole metamaterial composed of four metal split ring resonators is proposed and verified at microwave range. Dual-band Fano resonances could be excited by normal incident electromagnetic waves at 6 GHz and 7.23 GHz...
In this study we developed a brushless DC (BLDC) slotless motor with toroidal winding. The proposed toroidal winding is a method of winding a coil around a ring-type stator yoke in the circumferential direction. As there is no need for a slot or toot...
In this paper, we simulate the focusing of a cylindrical vector beam (CVB) of second order, using the Richards–Wolf formula. Many papers have been published on focusing CVB, but they did not report on forming of the toroidal vortices of energy (TVE)...
Having higher capacity to undertake pressures and larger compensation ability compared with the U-shape bellows, toroidal or Ω-shape bellows are being more and more widely used in engineering. The wave-shape and wall thickness reduction of bell...
Toroidal propellers have emerged as a promising substitute for next-generation marine propulsors due to their potential advantages in hydrodynamic efficiency and noise control. This article presents a hydrodynamic analysis of toroidal propellers usin...
This study determined the buckling characteristics of sphere-segmented toroidal shells subjected to external pressure. The proposed toroidal vessel comprises six spheres and six rings. Two laboratory models with the same nominal dimensions were manuf...
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were utilized in this study to comprehensively explore the fluid dynamics within an accelerated toroidal vessel, specifically those central to Particle Imaging Velocimetry Gyroscope (PIVG) technology. To...
A high-frequency model of the toroidal powder core inductor with litz wire winding is presented. In the analyzed model, the power losses that occurred in both the winding and the magnetic core were taken into account. A new method of determining the...
The jet impact from a collapsing bubble is an important mechanism of structural damage in underwater explosions and cavitation erosion. The Boundary Integral Method (BIM) is widely used to simulate nonspherical bubble dynamic behaviors due to its hig...
This study investigates the movements of particles in an accelerated toroidal flow channel filled with water, with specific applications for a particle imaging velocimetry gyroscope (PIVG). We used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate parti...
Triangular mesh data structures are principal in computer graphics, serving as the foundation for many 3D models. To effectively utilize these 3D models across diverse industries, it is important to understand the model’s overall shape and geom...
In this study, the tool axis inclination angle with respect to the surface normal is used to compare the wear of spherical and toroidal milling cutters. Five different surface types were machined in this investigation using three toroidal and three s...
A conductive meta-atom of toroidal topology is studied both theoretically and experimentally, demonstrating a sharp and highly controllable resonant response. Simulations are performed both for a free-space periodic metasurface and a pair of meta-ato...
Frames made of polymer composites are increasingly used in the aerospace, automotive, and agricultural industries. A frequently used technology in the production line of composite frames is winding rovings onto a non-load-bearing frame to form the st...
A microfluidic system provides an excellent platform for cellular studies. Most importantly, a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model reconstructs more accurately the in vivo microenvironment of tissue. Accordingly, microfluidic 3D cell culture de...
The population activity of grid cells from a single module is topologically constrained to a toroidal manifold. Our work proposes an improved version of Gardner’s earlier model, which can account for both geometric properties and force field dy...
An experimental study was carried out for lignites of different places of origin, i.e., Poland, Greece, Romania and Australia, using a toroidal bed dryer. The effect of the temperature on the drying efficiency, including the loss of moisture content...
The rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP) technique has been demonstrated to enable dynamic particle manipulation in biomedical applications. Previous studies on REP have generally considered particles with a size less than 5 μm. In this study, a...
This paper delves into the effects of a toroidal propeller’s geometrical characteristics on its thrust and efficiency. The focus is on three distinct numerical distributions: the outward inclination angle, the pitch angle, and the number of bla...
A direct-drive motor has the merits of low speed, high torque, and elimination of mechanical deceleration mechanisms, and is widely used in various fields. A novel direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented herein, in which all coil...
The radiation mode of the interaction between electromagnetic waves and materials has always been a research hotspot in nanophotonics, and bound states in the continuum (BICs) belong to one of the nonradiative modes. Owing to their high-quality facto...
We proposed an infrared narrowband metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) which is induced by toroidal dipole resonance in a dielectric-metal hybrid system. The MPA is composed of amorphous-silicon (a-Si) nanodisk quadrumer clusters, dielectric spacer,...
In the manufacturing and assembly of a toroidal drive mechanism, errors have a great influence on the load sharing of the mechanism. In order to improve the load-sharing characteristics of the mechanism, a floating oil film structure system is design...
With the increase in urban cableization rate and cable length, the overvoltage problem caused by the capacitive effect becomes more and more serious. To limit overvoltage and achieve regional reactive power balance, shunt reactors are installed in su...
The superconducting magnet energy storage (SMES) has become an increasingly popular device with the development of renewable energy sources. The power fluctuations they produce in energy systems must be compensated with the help of storage devices. A...
Given a graph G = (V, E), the edge set can be partitioned into k dimensions, for a positive integer k. The set of all i-dimensional edges of G is a subset of E(G) denoted by Ei. A Hamiltonian cycle C on G contains all vertices on G. Let Ei(C) = E(C)...
Electrodeless Low-Frequency (LF)/Radio-Frequency (RF) plasma sources often suffer from low power coupling efficiencies due to the lack of overlapping field with the dynamic plasma load. However, the power supplies for these plasma sources typically h...
When face milling using a toroidal cutter, with a change in the depth of the cut, the entering angle varies as well. An experimental test of the influence of cutting parameters, such as the depth of the cut and the feed per tooth on the cutting force...
Geometrical and building parameters have a strong influence on magnetic performance of toroidal wound cores made from grain oriented 3% SiFe electrical steel. From a sample of 40 cores with dimensions ranging from 35 to 160 mm outer diameter, 25 to 1...
High-frequency transformers are becoming an essential component in the integration of power resources that rely on power electronic converters; their efficiency and performance are influenced by parasitic characteristics in the interface. In this art...
Josephson junctions are essential ingredients in the superconducting circuits used in many existing quantum technologies. Additionally, ultracold atomic quantum gases have also become essential platforms to study superfluidity. Here, we explore the a...
We proposed and fabricated a flexible, planar, U-shape-modified structure metamaterial (MM) that was composed of two metallic pattern layers separated by a polyimide layer, where each metallic pattern layer consists of two U-shaped split ring resonat...
Finding a Hamiltonian cycle in a graph G = (V, E) is a well-known problem. The challenge of finding a Hamiltonian cycle that avoids these faults when faulty vertices or edges are present has been extensively studied. When the edge set of G is partiti...
Active photonics based on graphene has attracted wide attention for developing tunable and compact optical devices with excellent performances. In this paper, the dynamic manipulation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with high qualit...
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