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  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,481 Views
12 Pages

A Survey on Old and New Approximations to the Function ϕ(x) Involved in LDPC Codes Density Evolution Analysis Using a Gaussian Approximation

  • Francesca Vatta,
  • Alessandro Soranzo,
  • Massimiliano Comisso,
  • Giulia Buttazzoni and
  • Fulvio Babich

Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes are currently being deeply analyzed through algorithms that require the capability of addressing their iterative decoding convergence performance. Since it has been observed that the probability distribution func...

(This article belongs to the Section Review)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,620 Views
24 Pages

17 April 2025

Steganography, a technique for concealing information, often faces challenges such as low decoding accuracy and inadequate extraction of edge and global features. To overcome these limitations, we propose a dual-stream U-Net framework with integrated...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,130 Views
28 Pages

Reliability-Aware Neural Decoding with Adaptive Multi-Source Information Fusion

  • Pengxi Fu,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Jianxin Guo,
  • Yushuai Zhang and ,
  • Feng Wang,
  • Rui Zhu and
  • Zhentao Huang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 March 2026

Modern communication systems increasingly leverage multiple information streams—including channel observations, statistical models, and contextual knowledge—to enhance decoding reliability. However, the varying and often unpredictable qua...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory, Probability and Statistics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,306 Views
32 Pages

The timeliness of maritime rescue critically depends on the efficient generation of solutions and the execution of missions. Therefore, this study aims to implement maritime rescue task allocation and sequencing (MRTAS) while ensuring solution genera...

(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5,015 Views
14 Pages

20 June 2021

Accurate estimation of channel log-likelihood ratio (LLR) is crucial to the decoding of modern channel codes like turbo, low-density parity-check (LDPC), and polar codes. Under an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, the calculation of LLR i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information Theory for Channel Coding)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,826 Views
38 Pages

5 November 2025

This paper presents a Deep Autoencoder–LDPC–OFDM (DAE–LDPC–OFDM) transceiver architecture that integrates a learned belief propagation (BP) decoder to achieve robust, energy-efficient, and adaptive wireless communication. Unli...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,037 Views
17 Pages

Maritime relay communication has emerged as a critical application scenario for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), providing beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) connectivity for offshore terminals. Unlike terrestrial environments, the complex marine propagatio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Generation Non-Terrestrial Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,164 Views
24 Pages

1 May 2021

This article investigates the performance of various sophisticated channel coding and transmission schemes for achieving reliable transmission of a highly compressed video stream. Novel error protection schemes including Non-Convergent Coding (NCC) s...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory, Probability and Statistics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,822 Views
10 Pages

20 August 2020

Deep learning methods are gaining popularity in different application domains, and especially in natural language processing. It is commonly believed that using a large enough dataset and an adequate network architecture, almost any processing proble...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Language Processing: Emerging Neural Approaches and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
430 Views
23 Pages

6 May 2026

Four-edge type low-density parity-check (FET-LDPC) codes, as an important subclass of multi-edge type LDPC codes, offer greater design flexibility and performance potential due to their heterogeneous edge type structure. However, their multi-dimensio...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,728 Views
16 Pages

Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling has attracted increasing interest in the past two decades. However, when the fifth-generation (5G) communication low-density parity check (LDPC) code is applied to FTN signaling with low Bahl–Cock–Jelin...

(This article belongs to the Section Microwave and Wireless Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
7,416 Views
22 Pages

15 March 2018

The classical capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) is a very popular combinatorial optimization problem in the field of logistics and supply chain management. Although CVRP has drawn interests of many researchers, no standard way has been estab...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,740 Views
15 Pages

Adaptive Noise-Powered Diffusion Model for Efficient and Accurate Object Detection

  • Xingyu Zou,
  • Kaixu Han,
  • Xinle Zhang,
  • Wenhao Wang and
  • Ning Wu

5 December 2024

Recent advancements in object detection, particularly with DiffusionDet, have demonstrated impressive performance. However, its reliance on numerous random noise-based object candidates limits its efficiency. To overcome this limitation, we propose D...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,582 Views
13 Pages

Energy-Efficient Subcarrier Pairing and Power Allocation for DF Relay Networks with an Eavesdropper

  • Keshav Singh,
  • Meng-Lin Ku,
  • Sudip Biswas and
  • Tharmalingam Ratnarajah

24 November 2017

Algorithms for joint subcarrier pairing and power allocation are investigated in order to maximize the worst-case energy efficiency (EE) in dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks in the presence of an active eavesdropper. Accordingly, we stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
440 Views
16 Pages

A Transformer-VAE Framework with Knowledge Distillation for Fast Prediction of Nuclear Power Plant Accident Transient Response

  • Bo Pang,
  • Yuanfeng Lin,
  • Guoxu Qin,
  • Siyuan Zhang and ,
  • Zhixin Pang,
  • Yaoyi Zhang,
  • Di Chen,
  • Guohai Cao and
  • Qingzhong Ai
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

13 July 2026

Conventional analysis of nuclear power plant accident transient responses heavily relies on physical simulation programs, whose computational time significantly exceeds the actual accident response duration, thereby severely hindering real-time safet...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,938 Views
17 Pages

Magnetotelluric Deep Learning Forward Modeling and Its Application in Inversion

  • Fei Deng,
  • Jian Hu,
  • Xuben Wang,
  • Siling Yu and ,
  • Bohao Zhang,
  • Shuai Li and
  • Xue Li
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

23 July 2023

Magnetotelluric (MT) inversion and forward modeling are closely linked. The optimization and iteration processes of the inverse algorithm require frequent calls to forward modeling. However, traditional numerical simulations for forward modeling are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
11,914 Views
24 Pages

9 April 2013

State-of-the-art heuristic algorithms to solve the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) usually present slow speeds during the early iterations and easily fall into local optimal solutions. Focusing on solving the above problems, this pa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
6,372 Views
23 Pages

26 February 2022

In this study, a reconfigurable low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder is designed with good hardware sharing for IEEE 802.15.3c, 802.11ad, and 802.11ay standards. This architecture flexibly supports 12 types of parity-check matrix. The switching ne...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,532 Views
19 Pages

1 August 2025

Research on image sensor (IS)-based visible light positioning systems has attracted widespread attention. However, when the receiver is tilted or under a single LED, the positioning system can only achieve two-dimensional (2D) positioning and require...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensing and Imaging)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,152 Views
20 Pages

29 September 2023

Due to the significant propagation delay in underwater sensor networks, conflict retransmission in channel access protocols comes at a high cost. This poses a challenge in scenarios where multiple sensor nodes generate data frames with strong tempora...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underwater Acoustic Communication and Network)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3,893 Views
21 Pages

13 November 2019

In this paper, we study the geometry data associated with disparity map or depth map images in order to extract easy to compress polynomial surface models at different bitrates, proposing an efficient mining strategy for geometry information. The seg...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information-Theoretical Methods in Data Mining)
  • Letter
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,939 Views
12 Pages

Separable MSE-Based Design of Two-Way Multiple-Relay Cooperative MIMO 5G Networks

  • Donatella Darsena,
  • Giacinto Gelli,
  • Ivan Iudice and
  • Francesco Verde

4 November 2020

While the combination of multi-antenna and relaying techniques has been extensively studied for Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, it is expected to still play an important role in 5th Generation (5G) netw...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Physical-Layer Technologies for beyond 5G Wireless Communication Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,192 Views
24 Pages

29 July 2015

Interference alignment (IA) is a novel technique that can effectively eliminate the interference and approach the sum capacity of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high, by casting the desired signal and interfer...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,582 Views
17 Pages

Energy Efficient Secure Communication Model against Cooperative Eavesdropper

  • Akashkumar Rajaram,
  • Dushnatha Nalin K. Jayakody,
  • Rui Dinis and
  • Marko Beko

9 February 2021

In a wiretap channel system model, the jammer node adopts the energy-harvesting signal as artificial noise (jamming signal) against the cooperative eavesdroppers. There are two eavesdroppers in the wiretap channel: eavesdropper E1 is located near the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT))
  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
9,587 Views
21 Pages

27 August 2015

A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (PSO) for vehicle routing problems with time windows (VRPTW) is proposed in this paper. The improvements of the proposed algorithm include: using the particle real number encoding met...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,254 Views
17 Pages

17 May 2021

In this paper, to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) in the two-hop multi-relay cooperative decoding and forwarding (DF) system for simultaneous wireless information and power transmission (SWIPT), an optimal power allocation algorithm is proposed,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
17,581 Views
15 Pages

27 January 2024

The discovery of novel therapeutic compounds through de novo drug design represents a critical challenge in the field of pharmaceutical research. Traditional drug discovery approaches are often resource intensive and time consuming, leading researche...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural and Computational-Driven Molecule Design in Drug Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
291 Views
21 Pages

3 August 2026

This paper develops a reliability-oriented resource-allocation framework for a single-cell uplink sparse code multiple access (SCMA) system with fixed low-projection codebook (LPCB) constellation components. Link-level SCMA–message-passing-algo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Wireless Sensor Networks and Mobile Edge Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,512 Views
22 Pages

Graph Knowledge-Enhanced Iterated Greedy Algorithm for Hybrid Flowshop Scheduling Problem

  • Yingli Li,
  • Biao Zhang,
  • Kaipu Wang,
  • Liping Zhang and ,
  • Zikai Zhang and
  • Yong Wang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 July 2025

This study presents a graph knowledge-enhanced iterated greedy algorithm that incorporates dual directional decoding strategies, disjunctive graphs, neighborhood structures, and a rapid evaluation method to demonstrate its superior performance for th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
205 Views
15 Pages

SRTOMS: A Hybrid Split-Row Threshold Offset Min-Sum LDPC Decoder for Secure Low-Latency 5G-NR Communications

  • Bilal Mejmaa,
  • Mohamed Htiti,
  • Abdelaziz Lberni,
  • Rachid Skouri and ,
  • Ismail Akharraz and
  • Abdelaziz Ahaitouf
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

9 October 2026

The rapid evolution of 5G-NR and the increasing demand for secure and low-latency communications require strong error-correction techniques that are compatible with cryptographic systems. In this paper, a hybrid LDPC decoding algorithm, Split-Row Thr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Communication Signal Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,115 Views
13 Pages

Robust Joint Optimization of Transmit Power and Decoding Order in Uplink NOMA Systems

  • Van-Phuc Bui,
  • Hieu V. Nguyen,
  • Van-Dinh Nguyen and
  • Oh-Soon Shin

We consider a robust design problem for achieving max-min fairness amongst users in an uplink non-orthogonal multiple access system under imperfect channel state information. Contrary to the conventional approach adopted in the literature, we propose...

(This article belongs to the Section Microwave and Wireless Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,634 Views
11 Pages

12 November 2024

Stopping sets are useful for analyzing the performance of a linear code under an iterative decoding algorithm over an erasure channel. In this paper, we consider stopping sets of one-point algebraic geometry codes defined by a hyperelliptic curve of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,527 Views
28 Pages

ED2IF2-Net: Learning Disentangled Deformed Implicit Fields and Enhanced Displacement Fields from Single Images Using Pyramid Vision Transformer

  • Xiaoqiang Zhu,
  • Xinsheng Yao,
  • Junjie Zhang,
  • Mengyao Zhu and ,
  • Lihua You,
  • Xiaosong Yang,
  • Jianjun Zhang,
  • He Zhao and
  • Dan Zeng
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

27 June 2023

There has emerged substantial research in addressing single-view 3D reconstruction and the majority of the state-of-the-art implicit methods employ CNNs as the backbone network. On the other hand, transformers have shown remarkable performance in man...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Computer Vision and Graphics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,863 Views
18 Pages

Development of Limited-Angle Iterative Reconstruction Algorithms with Context Encoder-Based Sinogram Completion for Micro-CT Applications

  • Shih-Chun Jin,
  • Chia-Jui Hsieh,
  • Jyh-Cheng Chen,
  • Shih-Huan Tu and ,
  • Ya-Chen Chen,
  • Tzu-Chien Hsiao,
  • Angela Liu,
  • Wen-Hsiang Chou,
  • Woei-Chyn Chu and
  • Chih-Wei Kuo
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

16 December 2018

Limited-angle iterative reconstruction (LAIR) reduces the radiation dose required for computed tomography (CT) imaging by decreasing the range of the projection angle. We developed an image-quality-based stopping-criteria method with a flexible and i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Learning-Based Image Sensors)
  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,938 Views
9 Pages

1 December 2021

In this study, we investigate energy-efficient secure communications for wireless-powered cognitive ratio networks, in which multiple secondary users (SUs) share the same frequency band with primary users (PUs) and energy harvesting (EH) nodes harves...

(This article belongs to the Topic Next Generation of Security and Privacy in IoT, Industry 4.0, 5G Systems and Beyond)
  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,959 Views
12 Pages

31 August 2021

In this study, we consider energy-efficient wireless-powered secure communications, in which N sets of transmitter, receiver, and energy harvesting (EH) nodes exist; each EH node is allowed only to harvest energy from the transmitted signals but is n...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Harvesting Technologies and Applications for the Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
504 Views
20 Pages

6 July 2026

Real-world speech restoration must handle coupled distortions, including acoustic noise and reverberation, codec artifacts, clipping, and artifacts left by upstream enhancement systems. Token-based generative systems offer a flexible route for such u...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Deep Learning in Speech Enhancement Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,988 Views
19 Pages

Rateless Coded Uplink Transmission Design for Multi-User C-RAN

  • Yu Zhang,
  • Jiali Xu,
  • Hong Peng,
  • Weidang Lu and
  • Zhaoyang Zhang

5 July 2019

Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising technology for the Internet of Things (IoT). In C-RAN, the remote radio head (RRH) and baseband unit (BBU) in the conventional base station are separated, and each BBU is backward centralized into a v...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,589 Views
20 Pages

Optimized Design of Distributed Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Coded Spatial Modulation

  • Chunli Zhao,
  • Fengfan Yang,
  • Daniel Kariuki Waweru,
  • Chen Chen and
  • Hongjun Xu

30 March 2023

We propose a distributed quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) coded spatial modulation (D-QC-LDPCC-SM) scheme with source, relay and destination nodes. At the source and relay, two distinct QC-LDPC codes are used. The relay chooses partial...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,513 Views
15 Pages

30 April 2022

We propose an encoder–decoder architecture using wide and deep convolutional layers combined with different aggregation modules for the segmentation of medical images. Initially, we obtain a rich representation of features that span from low to...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,523 Views
21 Pages

Low Complexity Robust Data Demodulation for GNSS

  • Lorenzo Ortega,
  • Charly Poulliat,
  • Marie Laure Boucheret,
  • Marion Aubault Roudier and ,
  • Hanaa Al-Bitar and
  • Pau Closas
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

13 February 2021

In this article, we provide closed-form approximations of log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values for direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) systems over three particular scenarios, which are commonly found in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,158 Views
20 Pages

Image Captioning Model Based on Multi-Step Cross-Attention Cross-Modal Alignment and External Commonsense Knowledge Augmentation

  • Liang Wang,
  • Meiqing Jiao,
  • Zhihai Li,
  • Mengxue Zhang and ,
  • Haiyan Wei,
  • Yuru Ma,
  • Honghui An,
  • Jiaqi Lin and
  • Jun Wang
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

21 August 2025

To address the semantic mismatch between limited textual descriptions in image captioning training datasets and the multi-semantic nature of images, as well as the underutilized external commonsense knowledge, this article proposes a novel image capt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,408 Views
23 Pages

14 August 2025

Most existing deep learning-based super-resolution (SR) methods for remote sensing images rely on predefined degradation assumptions (e.g., bicubic downsampling). However, when real-world degradations deviate from these assumptions, their performance...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Remote Sensing Image Recognition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,690 Views
21 Pages

TAN: A Transferable Adversarial Network for DNN-Based UAV SAR Automatic Target Recognition Models

  • Meng Du,
  • Yuxin Sun,
  • Bing Sun,
  • Zilong Wu and ,
  • Lan Luo,
  • Daping Bi and
  • Mingyang Du
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

16 March 2023

Recently, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has become a highly sought-after topic for its wide applications in target recognition, detection, and tracking. However, SAR automatic target recognition (ATR) models based o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue When Deep Learning Meets Geometry for Air-to-Ground Perception on Drones)
  • Article
  • Open Access
780 Views
30 Pages

30 April 2026

Objective: Traditional Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) methods for Ultrasound Computed Tomography (UCT) are computationally expensive and can be sensitive to strong acoustic contrasts. In this work, we propose the Multi-Channel Transducer Network (CUCT...

(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
218 Views
26 Pages

8 October 2026

Semantic segmentation of crops and weeds is an important component of selective weeding systems, but accurate segmentation networks can impose substantial computational and memory demands on resource-constrained agricultural platforms. This paper pre...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,348 Views
28 Pages

Geospatial Data Disaggregation through Self-Trained Encoder–Decoder Convolutional Models

  • João Monteiro,
  • Bruno Martins,
  • Miguel Costa and
  • João M. Pires

Datasets collecting demographic and socio-economic statistics are widely available. Still, the data are often only released for highly aggregated geospatial areas, which can mask important local hotspots. When conducting spatial analysis, one often n...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,272 Views
11 Pages

23 November 2022

In this study, we investigate the maximization of the available energy for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system, in which the ground terminals (GTs) decode information and collect...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue UAV Assisted 5G and Future Wireless Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,911 Views
12 Pages

Traditional channel estimation algorithms such as minimum mean square error (MMSE) are widely used in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, but require a matrix inversion operation and an enormous amount of computations, which result...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Massive MIMO Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,263 Views
13 Pages

11 July 2023

Spatially coupled low density parity check (SC-LDPC) are prominent candidates for future communication standards due to their “threshold saturation” properties. To evaluate the finite-length performance of SC-LDPC codes, a general and eff...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Feature Papers from China Information Theory Conference (CIT) & the Annual Conference on Information Theory of the Chinese Institute of Electronics (CIEIT))

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