Point cloud perception is important in autonomous driving, robotics, and other security-critical 3D systems, yet learned point cloud classifiers remain vulnerable to transferable adversarial perturbations. A central difficulty in transfer-based black...
Recognizing targets through side-scan sonar (SSS) data by deep learning-based techniques has been particularly challenging. The primary challenge stems from the difficulty and time consumption associated with underwater acoustic data acquisition, whi...
Transfer learning (TL) hopes to train a model for target domain tasks by using knowledge from different but related source domains. Most TL methods focus more on improving the predictive performance of the single model across domains. Since domain di...
Three-dimensional object detection utilizing LiDAR point cloud data is an indispensable part of autonomous driving perception systems. Point cloud-based 3D object detection has been a better replacement for higher accuracy than cameras during nightti...
In the material transfer area, the belt is exposed to considerable damage, the energy of falling material is lost, and there is significant dust and noise. One of the most common causes of failure is transfer chute blockage, when the flow of material...
Thanks to the international GNSS service (IGS), which has provided multi-GNSS precise products, multi-GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) time and frequency transfer has of great interest in the timing community. Currently, multi-GNSS PPP time trans...
In high-precision GPS precise point positioning (PPP) time transfer, errors caused by the effect of ionosphere delay have to be corrected. Usually the ionosphere-free combinations of the pseudo code and the carrier phase is used in GPS PPP data proce...
International time transfer based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) precise point positioning (PPP) is influenced by inter-frequency code biases (IFCBs) because of the application of frequency division multiple access technique. This wo...
This study evaluates the impact of green finance on agricultural non-point source pollution control and emission reduction in 30 Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2022. Utilizing the entropy value method and the unit survey inventory method, the researc...
Bidirectional inductive wireless power transfer (BWPT) enables electric vehicles (EVs) to support both grid-to-vehicle (G2V) charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) energy delivery. However, variations in battery charging conditions and grid power demands...
The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) currently mainly uses GPS time transfer for the calculation of UTC. In order to enhance the reliability of the time links, the common-view (CV) and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) time transfer...
We analyze theoretically the sensitivity of accelerometry and rotation sensing with a point source interferometer employing large momentum transfer (LMT) and present a design of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that can measure rotation around and...
The existing deep learning-based Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) point cloud semantic segmentation methods require a large amount of labeled data for training, which is not always feasible in practice. Insufficient training data may lead to over-fittin...
Individual tree extraction is an important process for forest resource surveying and monitoring. To obtain more accurate individual tree extraction results, this paper proposed an individual tree extraction method based on transfer learning and Gauss...
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two molecules in nanoscale distances is utilized in significant number of applications including biological and chemical applications, monitoring cellular activities, sensors, wireless communications a...
One of the most promising inductive power transfer applications is the wireless power supply for locomotives which may cancel the need for pantographs. In order to meet the dynamic and high power demands of wireless power supplies for locomotives, a...
Airborne laser scanning (ALS) point cloud has been widely used in various fields, for it can acquire three-dimensional data with a high accuracy on a large scale. However, due to the fact that ALS data are discretely, irregularly distributed and cont...
Series–series (SS) wireless power transfer (WPT) systems are used in many applications because of their simple circuit structure. Compared with higher-order complex compensation topology, they are suitable for more demanding applications, such...
Large-scale spatial databases contain information of different objects in the public domain and are of great importance for many stakeholders. These data are not only used to inventory the different assets of the public domain but also for project pl...
LiDAR point clouds are widely used in remote sensing perception scenarios, such as autonomous driving. However, LiDAR-based perception models remain vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, which may compromise the reliability of safety-critical 3D p...
Sustainable logistics increasingly requires energy-efficient solutions for warehousing systems. However, current energy consumption models often neglect the role of pallet transfer points that act as interfaces between various internal transport subs...
Near-field interfaces with miniaturized coil systems and low output power levels, such as applied in biomedical sensor systems, can suffer from severe efficiency degradation due to dynamic impedance mismatches, reducing battery life of the power tran...
Electrical heating rods are a commonly used application for switch point heating in order to keep switch points free from ice and snow. Clamps made of spring steel usually attach the heating rod to the rail. They are localized at certain positions at...
Dynamic multi-objective optimization problems (DMOPs) have been of interest to many researchers. These are problems in which the environment changes during the evolutionary process, such as the Pareto-optimal set (POS) or the Pareto-optimal front (PO...
Accurately estimating leaf area index (LAI) is vital for evaluating crop growth and predicting yields. Conventional approaches, however, often struggle due to the limited representativeness of available data and the complex structure of plant canopie...
Rural mobility has a lack of innovative proposals in contrast with its urban counterpart. This research aims to bring solutions that ease the implementation of reliable and flexible rural transportation. Demand-responsive transportation is chosen to...
Material as well as process variations in the composites industry are reasons to develop methods for in-line monitoring, which would increase reproducibility of the manufacturing process and the final composite products. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) h...
Despite the remarkable development related to Point-of-Care devices based on optical technology, their difficulties when used outside of research laboratories are notable. In this sense, it would be interesting to ask ourselves what the degree of tra...
In this work, quad-frequency precise point positioning (PPP) time and frequency transfer methods using Galileo E1/E5a/E5b/E5 and BDS-3 B1I/B3I/B1C/B2a observations were proposed with corresponding mathematical models. In addition, the traditional dua...
The demand for point-of-need (PON) diagnostics for clinical and other applications is continuing to grow. Much of this demand is currently serviced by biosensors, which combine a bioanalytical sensing element with a transducing device that reports re...
The weight-transfer effect, consisting of the change in dynamic load distribution between the front and the rear tractor axles, is one of the most impairing phenomena for the performance, comfort, and safety of agricultural operations. Excessive weig...
The potential of UAV-based LiDAR (UAV-LiDAR) and handheld LiDAR scanners (HLSs) for forest radiative transfer models (RTMs) was evaluated using a Voxel-Based Point Density Proxy (VPDP) as a diagnostic tool in a Larix kaempferi forest. Structural anal...
A point source interferometer (PSI) is a device where atoms are split and recombined by applying a temporal sequence of Raman pulses during the expansion of a cloud of cold atoms behaving approximately as a point source. The PSI can work as a sensiti...
Concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology is a highly efficient way of utilizing solar energy resources with the efficiency limited by cell cooling conditions. For the heat dissipation problem from multi-point solar cell cooling, a micro...
Electron transfer within and between proteins is a fundamental biological phenomenon, in which efficiency depends on several physical parameters. We have engineered a number of horse heart cytochrome c single-point mutants with cysteine substitutions...
This paper introduces a control method suitable for AUVs to transmit underwater radio energy that improves the stability of AUV charging under water based on double LCC compensation. The coupling coefficient decreases with the rise of the coil offset...
This study is to investigate the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow and heat transfer characteristic nanofluid of carbon nanotube (CNTs) over the shrinking surface with heat sink effects. Similarity equations deduced from momentum and en...
In this paper, a two-leg-transfer switch structure method that can continuously supply three-phase power even when an accident occurs in a power semiconductor of a three-level active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) inverter for railway vehicles is prese...
When vehicles fly at hypersonic speeds, a high-temperature flow field forms and emits intense radiation across some spectral bands. This strong flow field can be seen as a point source and is transmitted to high altitudes through the radiative transf...
This study investigates the enhancement of long-distance microwave wireless power transfer (WPT) performance by utilizing naturally formed evaporation ducts near the sea surface. The parabolic equation method is applied to analyze how emission height...
When a second-order transition point is decreased to zero temperature, a continuous quantum phase transition between different ground states is realized at a quantum critical point (QCP). A recently synthesized organic charge-transfer complex, TTF-2,...
Single-frequency (SF) receivers are much cheaper than that of dual-frequency (DF). Even though DF precise point positioning (PPP) is nowadays applied in the time community, the cost of equipment is one of the key considerations for time users. Furthe...
This paper aims to introduce a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy called transfer reinforcement learning (TRL), associated with space decomposition for Photovoltaic (PV) systems under partial shading conditions (PSC). The space decomp...
Introduction: The examination of vital signs and their changes during illness can alert physicians to possible impending deterioration and organ dysfunction. The Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) is used worldwide as a track and trigger system that...
Experimental results of delay-time measurements in the transfer of modulation between microwave beams, as reported in previous articles, were interpreted on a competition (interference) between two waves, one of which is modulated and the other is a...
Limited adoption of mobile technology for informal learning and continuing professional development within Australian healthcare environments has been explained primarily as an issue of insufficient digital and ehealth literacy of healthcare professi...
There is a consensus among researchers that the simultaneous involvement of heat and mass transfer in fluid flow owns numerous daily life applications like energy systems, automobiles, cooling of electronic devices, power generation by the stream, el...
A model of unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a permeable exponential stretching/shrinking sheet with the presence of velocity slip is considered in this paper. The nanofluid model proposed by Tiwari and Das is applied where water...
Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) of bridges supports as-built reconstruction and digital-twin maintenance, but semantic segmentation of such scans is limited by annotation cost, and synthetic point clouds generated from building information models (B...
With the rapid increase of heat flux and demand for miniaturization of electronic equipment, the traditional heat conduction and convective heat transfer methods could not meet the needs. Therefore, the spray cooling experiment was carried out to obt...
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