The limitations of underwater acoustic communications mean that the side-scan sonar data of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) cannot be transmitted back and processed in real time, which means that targets cannot be detected in real time. To add...
Events recorded in urban areas are often confined by the micro-scale geography of street networks, yet existing spatial–analytical methods do not usually account for the shortest-path distance of street networks. We propose space–time Net...
The thermal lens effect is analyzed as a time-resolved Z-scan measurement using cw-single Gaussian beam configuration. The main characteristics of the measurement method are determined. We focus on the evaluation of the measurement error from statist...
Objective: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a powerful magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that evaluates the microscopic motion of water molecules in human tissues and provides critical information on tissue pathology. This systematic revi...
The increasing adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the AECO sector has highlighted persistent limitations in Scan-to-HBIM workflows, particularly related to fragmentation, manual processing, and lack of continuity between data acquisit...
A programmable logic controller (PLC) executes a ladder diagram (LD) using input and output modules. An LD also has PID controller function blocks. It contains as many PID function blocks as the number of process parameters to be controlled. Adding m...
Side Scan Sonar (SSS) is widely used to search for seabed objects such as ships and wrecked aircraft due to its high-imaging-resolution and large planar scans. SSS requires an automatic real-time target recognition system to enhance search and rescue...
As one of the most commonly used acoustic systems in seabed surveys, the altitude of the side scan sonar from the seafloor is always difficult to determine, especially when raw signal levels and gain information are unavailable. The inaccurate sonar...
Laser scan matching with grid-based maps is a promising tool for real-time indoor positioning of mobile Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). While there are critical implementation problems, such as the ability to estimate the position by sensing the unk...
Real-time processing of high-resolution sonar images is of great significance for the autonomy and intelligence of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in complex marine environments. In this paper, we propose a real-time semantic segmentation network...
To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional manual detection of underwater targets in side-scan sonar (SSS) images, a real-time automatic target recognition (ATR) method is proposed in this paper. This method consists of image preprocessing, samp...
The F-SCAN principle is a better alternative to the scan-on-receive technique (SCORE) based on digital beamforming (DBF), which can avoid low gain caused by a conventional broad beam in the case of a wide swath. In F-SCAN SAR, a pencil beam scans the...
Time-resolved step-scan FTIR spectroscopy has been employed to probe the dynamics of the ba3 oxidoreductase from Thermus thermophilus in the ns-μs time range and in the pH/pD 6–9 range. The data revealed a pH/pD sensitivity of the D372 residue and of...
Dehydration is known to affect the rate of electron transfer backreaction from the light-induced charge separation state P+QA− to the neutral ground state PQA in photosynthetic bacterial Reaction Centers. On the other hand, a 20 s continuous il...
For over 100 y, scientists have investigated the properties of the proton, which is one of the most abundant components of visible matter in the universe. Nevertheless, researchers do not fully understand many details about its internal structure and...
This study was performed to verify the influence of scanning-aid materials on the accuracy and time efficiency of full-arch scanning with intraoral scanners. The full-arch reference model was constructed by a 3D printer and scanned with a model scann...
Due to space and energy restrictions, lightweight autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are usually fitted with low-power processing units, which limits the ability to run demanding applications in real time during the mission. However, several robot...
This study presents the design and evaluation of a markerless 3D scanning system based on the Helios2 time-of-flight 3D camera, with automatic alignment of multiple scans acquired from different viewpoints. The proposed system integrates data acquisi...
Attosecond streaking provides an extremely high temporal resolution for characterizing light pulses and photoionization processes with attosecond (10−18 s) accuracy, which employs a laser as a streaking field to deflect electrons generated by p...
Current–voltage (I–V) curve measurement is an essential performance characterization technique for laser power converters (LPCs). Choosing an appropriate scan time can effectively avoid problems in the test process that lead to inaccurate...
Unmanned aerial vehicles represent an effective technology for indoor search and rescue operations. Typically, most indoor missions’ environments would be unknown, unstructured, and/or dynamic. Navigation of UAVs in such environments is addressed by...
An X-ray fluorescence handheld spectrometer (hh-XRF) is adapted for real-time qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis in scanning mode for applications in cultural heritage. Specifically, the Tracer-5i (Bruker) is coupled with a low-cost cons...
The laser pulse detection probability of a scanning direct time-of-flight light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurement is evaluated based on the optical signal distribution on a multipixel single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array. These detector...
This study compared eight sublimation scanning sprays in terms of their effect on 3D scanning results, coating thickness, and sublimation time. The work used an automated spraying system to ensure the same deposition conditions for all tested materia...
A reconfigurable electromagnetic surface has been studied to realize the adjustable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams for real-time wireless communication and dynamic target detection in the future. OAM mode switching realized by many previous des...
Liver ultrasound (US) plays a critical role in diagnosing liver diseases. However, it is often difficult for examiners to accurately identify the liver segments captured in US images due to patient variability and the complexity of US images. Our stu...
This paper presents a real-time terrain mapping method for aircraft’s navigation, combining probabilistic terrain modeling with adaptive azimuth scan command adjustment. The method refines a preloaded DTED in real time using radar scan data, en...
During volcanic eruptions, measurements of the rate at which magma is erupted underpin hazard assessments. For eruptions dominated by the effusion of lava, estimates are often made using satellite data; here, in a case study at Mount Etna (Sicily), w...
The effect of deposition time on the surface coverage of sublimation deposited solid-phase glycine and proline molecules onto a Ge(100) surface was studied at room temperature using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The STM images obtained at vari...
To achieve more accurate weather and climate forecasting, and propose efficient engineering solutions for exploiting offshore renewable energies, it is imperative to accurately describe the atmospheric turbulent flow in the offshore environment. The...
In this paper, we propose a novel, vision-transformer-based end-to-end pose estimation method, LidPose, for real-time human skeleton estimation in non-repetitive circular scanning (NRCS) lidar point clouds. Building on the ViTPose architecture, we in...
Investigating the pore structure and understanding the relationship between pore characteristics and mechanical properties are crucial to research in the study of cement mortar. At present, the segmentation of large-scale concrete pores is mainly con...
The purpose of this study was to compare the scan time, image quality and radiation dose of CT urograms (CTU) using a split vs. single bolus contrast media injection technique. A total of 241 consecutive CTUs performed between August 2019-February 20...
The aim of this study was to analyze factors affecting treatment times in patients treated with the surgery-first approach (SFA) for orthognathic surgery. Fifty skeletal class III patients who had undergone SFA bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were e...
Convergence and rockmass failure are significant hazards to personnel and physical assets in underground tunnels, caverns, and mines. Mobile Laser Scanning Systems (MLS) can deliver large volumes of point cloud data at a high frequency and on a large...
Background: Accurate digital transfer of implant positions is critical for the long-term success of full-arch prosthetic rehabilitation. Photogrammetry remains the benchmark for accuracy, but its high cost and complexity limit clinical adoption. Arti...
Intracellular Ca2+ signals are key for the regulation of cellular processes ranging from myocyte contraction, hormonal secretion, neural transmission, cellular metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and cell proliferation. Measurement of cellular Ca...
The leaf area is an important plant parameter for plant status and crop yield. In this paper, a low-cost time-of-flight camera, the Kinect v2, was mounted on a robotic platform to acquire 3-D data of maize plants in a greenhouse. The robotic platform...
The switch from intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) to real-time (rt) CGM could improve glycemic management in suboptimal controlled type 1 diabetes patients, but long-term study is lacking. We evaluated retrospectively the a...
Background/Objectives: Digital impressions are increasingly used to manage Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), potentially offering advantages over traditional methods. This laboratory investigation sought to evaluate the impact of scanning tip sizes, di...
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of dual-time-point fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) compared to conventional early imaging for detect...
Non-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (NC-MRA), including fresh blood imaging (FBI), is a suitable choice for evaluating patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). We evaluated standard FBI (sFBI) and centric ky-kz FBI (cFBI) acquisitions,...
High-precision and robust localization in GNSS-denied areas is crucial for autonomous vehicles and robots. Most state-of-the-art localization methods are based on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) with a camera or light detection and rangi...
Background/Objectives: Intraoral scanners (IOSs) are essential tools in digital dentistry; however, their accuracy remains influenced by clinical conditions such as restricted access, patient movement, or intraoral moisture. Intraoral scanning is per...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to compare the cost and time implications for implant-supported prosthesis comparing three digital impression techniques: digitization with an intraoral scanner, digitization of the conventional impression (wit...
LiDAR is widely used in robotics because it provides reliable range data for navigation and mapping. On a small embedded robot, however, there is a practical conflict between scan resolution and reaction speed. Dense scans provide better environmenta...
Scan-based structural testing methods have seen numerous inventions in scan compression techniques to reduce TDV (test data volume) and TAT (test application time). Compression techniques lead to test coverage (TC) loss and test patterns count (TPC)...
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is highly regarded in the field of dentistry. Three-dimensional printed resin restorations must undergo a washing process to remove residual resin on the surface after they have been manufactured. However, t...
Achieving wide-area, near-real-time, and fine-detail Earth observation is crucial for advanced remote sensing applications in the future. This study presents high-resolution dual-axis bidirectional scanning (HRBS), an innovative Earth observation mod...
Whole-spine radiography can be accomplished through two methods: (1) segmented imaging employing X-ray tube angulation and detectors, or (2) the Euronext Paris Advanced Orthopedic Solutions (EOS) 2D Imaging system that can capture the entire spine in...
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