This work presents a novel multielectrode array (MEA) to quantitatively assess the dose enhancement factor (DEF) produced in a medium by embedded nanoparticles. The MEA has 16 nanocrystalline diamond electrodes (in a cell-culture well), and a single-...
The radiation dose associated with contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has been investigated only by single-center studies. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare the radiation dose between two centers performing CEM within two prospective...
High-Z metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are new players in the therapeutic arsenal against cancer, especially radioresistant cells. Indeed, the presence of these NPs inside malignant cells is believed to enhance the effect of ionizing radiation by locall...
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been investigated as one of the potential dose enhancement agents for radiation therapy. The role of TiO2 NPs as a photodynamic sensitiser has been well documented, but its sensitisation with X-rays is n...
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays an important role in dental diagnosis; however, radiation exposure remains a concern. This study evaluated the feasibility of artificial intelligence (AI)-based image processing for improving image quality i...
Active targeting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a very promising avenue for cancer treatment with many publications on AuNP mediated radiosensitization at kilovoltage (kV) photon energies. However, uncertainty on the effectiveness of AuNPs under clin...
Background/Objectives: Non-enhanced computed tomography of the kidneys, ureters and bladder (NECT KUB) is the initial imaging modality for suspected nephroureterolithiasis. However, for alternative diagnoses, NECT may not be the ideal technique. Our...
Cervical cancer remains a pressing global health concern, necessitating advanced therapeutic strategies. Radiotherapy, a fundamental treatment modality, has faced challenges such as targeted dose deposition and radiation exposure to healthy tissues,...
The conventional approach to intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment planning involves two distinct strategies: optimizing an evaluation function while accounting for dose constraints, and solving feasibility problems using feasibility-seekin...
This study investigated the feasibility of both a reduced radiation dose and a 50% of contrast dose in multiphasic CT of the liver with a 70 kVp protocol compared with a standard-tube-voltage protocol derived from dual-energy (DE) CT (blended DE prot...
We previously reported that a combination of 10 Gy of X-ray irradiation and dual immune checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA-4 (C4) and anti-PD-L1 antibodies produced a significant shrinkage of irradiated and unirradiated tumors (abscopal effect) and p...
Global disparities in cancer prevention, detection, and treatment demand a unified international effort to reduce the disease’s burden and improve outcomes. Despite advances in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many tumors remain resistant to thes...
High doses of ionizing radiation (HDIR) are known to induce cellular damage, whereas low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) may trigger protective biological responses. Recent studies have explored the potential benefits of LDIR in treating diabetes and...
Background/Objectives: Head Computed Tomography (CT) is an essential diagnostic tool for identifying brain pathologies and visualizing blood vessels. However, CT exposes patients to ionizing radiation, making it necessary to establish local diagnosti...
FLASH radiation therapy is an emerging technique that provides several advantages over conventional radiotherapy. By delivering ultra-high dose rate radiation, the damage to healthy tissues surrounding the treatment area is minimized, treatment time...
Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are critical sensors for the ATLAS and CMS timing detectors at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), offering enhanced timing resolution with gain factors of 20 to 50. However, their radiation tolerance...
Objective: This study investigates the correlation between patient body metrics and radiation dose in abdominopelvic CT scans, aiming to identify significant predictors of radiation exposure. Methods: Employing a cross-sectional analysis of patient d...
Background: Computed tomography (CT) contributes significantly to the collective dose from medical sources, raising concerns about potential health risks. However, existing radiation dose estimation tools, such as volume computed tomography dose inde...
Background/Objectives: High-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) is a critical diagnostic tool, but radiation dose optimization remains a significant concern. Traditional dose metrics such as the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length...
Radiation therapy is an essential mode of treatment for cancer, but it is limited by resistance, potential damage to healthy tissue, and inefficacy in later-stage cancers. To overcome these limitations, nanoparticles made from high atomic number (Z)...
Knowledge regarding complex radiation responses in biological systems can be enhanced using genetically amenable model organisms. In this manuscript, we reviewed the use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), as a model organism to inv...
Enhanced cellular DNA repair efficiency and suppression of genomic instability have been proposed as mechanisms underlying radio-adaptive responses following low-dose radiation exposures. We previously showed that low-dose γ irradiation does not gene...
X-ray imaging, as a technique of non-destructive testing, has demonstrated considerable promise in COVID-19 diagnosis, particularly if supplemented with artificial intelligence (AI). Both radiologic technologists and AI researchers have raised the al...
This pre-clinical study was designed to demonstrate how vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) should be administered, either alone or when combined with radiation in clinically relevant fractionated radiation schedules, for the optimal anti-tumor effect....
Background: Radiosensitizers can be used to enhance tumor response and mitigate toxicity in healthy tissues during radiation therapy. This study investigates the radiosensitizing potential of the metallacarborane Fe/57Fe-ferrabisdicarbollide in SK-BR...
Esophageal cancer, ranked as the eighth most prevalent cancer globally, is characterized by a low survival rate and poor prognosis. Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) is the standard therapy in the non-surgical treatment of localized carcinoma...
With growing public concern about the health effects of low-dose radiation, numerous studies have demonstrated that low-dose radiation can cause damage to the immune system, making intervention measures essential. This study investigated the protecti...
One of the main concerns regarding medical imaging is the danger tissue’s ionizing due to the applied radiation. Many medical procedures are based on this ionizing radiation (such as X-rays and Gamma radiation). This radiation allows the physic...
Radiation therapy (RT) has recently demonstrated promise at stimulating an enhanced immune response. The recent success of immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors, CART cells, and other immune modulators, affords new opportunities for combinat...
To evaluate the effect of radiation dose reduction on image quality and diagnostic confidence in contrast-enhanced whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) staging. We randomly selected March 2016 for retrospective inclusion of 18 consecutive patients (...
Computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been the gold standard imaging modality for vascular imaging due to a variety of factors, including the widespread availability of computed tomography (CT) scanners, the ease and speed of image acquisition, a...
The dosimetric characteristics of hydrogel dosimeters based on polyacrylamide (PAC) as a capping agent incorporating silver nitrate as a radiation-sensitive material are investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry within the dose range 0–100 Gy...
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In an era of an increasing number of invasive procedures particular attention to radiation exposure and protection measures for patients and staff is warranted. Ionising radiation accounts for risk-dose-dependent stochastic effects (no threshold dose...
Rapidly evolving laser technologies have led to the development of laser-generated particle accelerators as an alternative to conventional facilities. However, the radiobiological characteristics need to be determined to enhance their applications in...
Nanohydrogel particles of polyethylene glycol (PEG), gelatin (GEL), and PEG–GEL mixtures (MIXs) were synthesized with a high electron beam and 60Co gamma-ray radiation. The relatively novel technique of Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionatio...
The effects of gamma radiation on the performance of two corrosion-resistant coatings applied to stainless-steel 304L (SS304L) surfaces are presented. Specifically, the ability of the coatings to mitigate corrosion of SS304L surfaces as a function of...
Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular interventions require prolonged fluoroscopy, which increases the risk of radiation. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs), set at the 75th percentile of the dose distribution, are vital benchmarks for dose optimizat...
To improve the radiation resistance of Yb-doped fiber lasers, we investigate the influence of pre-radiation and photo-bleaching on the gamma-radiated laser’s performance. When the gamma radiation dose is within 10 krad(Si) with a radiation dose...
Background and purpose. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been relatively ineffective against solid tumors. Low-dose radiation which can be delivered to multiple sites of metastases by targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) can elicit immunos...
Low-dose ionizing radiation is known to alter the biological properties of tumor cells. Although clinical computed tomography delivers low-dose radiation, the long-term radiobiological impacts of repeated low-dose X-ray exposure on the malignant prog...
The Microdosimetric Kinetic Model (MKM) to predict the effects of ionizing radiation on cell colonies is studied and reformulated for the case of high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiations with a low dose. When the number of radiation events happen...
The space radiation environment has a radiation effect on electronic devices, especially the total ionizing dose effect, which seriously affects the service life of spacecraft on-orbit electronic devices and electronic equipment. Therefore, it is par...
Interventional radiology offers minimally invasive procedures guided by real-time imaging, reducing surgical risks and enhancing patient recovery. While beneficial to patients, these advancements increase occupational hazards for physicians due to ch...
Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) has a long history of treating bulky and hypoxic tumors. Recent evidence suggests that, compared to conventional uniform dose radiation therapy, SFRT may utilize different mechanisms of tumor cell killi...
Radiation-induced inflammation leading to the permeability of the endothelial barrier may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate potential mechanisms in vitro at the level of the proteome in human corona...
This study provides an objective comparison of cranial computed tomography (CT) imaging quality and radiation dose between photon counting detectors (PCCTs) and energy-integrated detectors (EIDs). We retrospectively analyzed 158 CT scans from 76 pati...
The objective of this study is to propose an advanced image enhancement strategy to address the challenge of reducing radiation doses in pediatric renal scintigraphy. Data from a public dynamic renal scintigraphy database were used. Based on noisier...
We applied a non-destructive tooth dosimetry technique using L-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to assess radiation doses in cattle due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident, which occurred 10 years ago. The radiat...
Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due to nuclear DNA damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies reveal that the outcomes of exposures to ionizing radiation (IR) highly depend...
The development of sensor technology enables the creation of DNA-based biosensors for biomedical applications. Herein, a quartz tuning fork (QTF) sensing system was employed as a transducer for biomedical applications to address indirect DNA damage a...
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