In this work, the performance of on-board vehicle exhaust emission sensors is investigated and compared to reference laboratory and on-road instrumentation for two modern diesel light-duty commercial vehicles, type-approved as Euro 6d-TEMP-EVAP-ISC a...
In the solar reflective band, an on-board calibration method based on a solar diffuser (SD) can realize full aperture, full field of view, and end-to-end absolute radiometric calibration of optical remote sensors. The SD’s bidirectional reflect...
Ship hull and propeller fouling has a severe impact both on fuel costs and on greenhouse gas emission, thus, it is an important subject to consider when developing a maintenance plan to enhance energy efficiency and reduce gas emissions from ships. T...
A parametric wave spectrum resembling procedure is applied to detect the sea state parameters, namely the wave peak period and significant wave height, based on the measurement and analysis of the heave and pitch motions of a vessel in a seaway, reco...
The fluctuation of the oil price and the growing requirement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have forced ship builders and shipping companies to improve the energy efficiency of the vessels. The accurate prediction of the required propulsion power...
The development and utilization of a series of after-treatment devices in modern vehicles has led to an increase in emissions of NH3 and/or N2O with respect to the past. N2O is a long-lived greenhouse gas and an ozone-depleting substance, while NH3 i...
The focus of this article is on the measurement of tire and road wear particles (TRWPs) during vehicle operation. The long-term objective is to determine the sources of particulate matter. Consequently, the development of sustainable tires can be sup...
Battery impedance based state estimation methods receive extensive attention due to its close relation to internal dynamic processes and the mechanism of a battery. In order to provide impedance for a battery management system (BMS), a practical on-b...
Onboarding in software teams requires the simultaneous acquisition of technical, domain, and organisational knowledge, while the progress of new employees is often monitored through informal and “difficult-to-compare” assessments. This pa...
Over the last decade, Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions have garnered significantly greater attention due to the worldwide emphasis on sustainable development strategies. In response to the issues of dynamic measurement delay and low measurement accurac...
The upcoming Salinity Satellite, scheduled for launch in 2024, will feature the world’s first phased array radar scatterometer. To validate its capability in measuring ocean surface backscatter coefficients, this paper conducts an in-depth anal...
The ballasted track superstructure is characterized by a relative quick deterioration of track geometry due to ballast settlements and the accumulation of sleeper voids. The track zones with the sleeper voids differ from the geometrical irregularitie...
An approach combining frequency and time domain analysis is introduced in this study for ship motions assessment. The open-source NEMOH code is utilized to compute the excitation forces and the hydrodynamic coefficients, while heave and pitch motions...
One of the most widely researched fields within the automotive industry is the effect vehicles place on the environment. To achieve a sustainable transport system, reducing the pollution of vehicles is an essential issue. The aim of this paper is to...
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) represent an important breakthrough in the hydrogen energy industry. The safe utilization of hydrogen is critical for the sustainable and healthy development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. In this study, risk fact...
Urban Air Mobility development depends on overcoming several challenges. Noise emission is one of the most critical, making Unmanned Air Vehicles’ acoustic characterisation a scientific and regulatory priority. Through an on-board outdoor measu...
Specific in-flight infection prevention and control (IPC) training was deemed an essential strategy for ensuring the implementation of appropriate measures to protect the health of passengers and crew sustainably during COVID-19 and the post-pandemic...
The On-board Train Control System (OTCS) plays an important role in the real-time operation of the electric multiple units (EMU) in high-speed railway. The EMU is a complex system made up of various electrical and electronic equipment, so the interac...
It is well-known that the successful implementation of current sliding-mode guidance laws relies on two key points: one is the prior knowledge of the upper bound of the target’s maneuver, and the other is the accurate measurement of motion info...
This study employed an onboard emission measurement system to measure the real-world emission factors of particulate matter (PM), particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and gaseous air pollutants for different types of diesel-fueled...
Particulate and gaseous emissions were studied from a large two-stroke slow-speed diesel engine equipped with an open-loop scrubber, installed on a 78,200 metric tonnes (deadweight) containership, under real operation. This paper presents the on-boar...
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is increasingly used as a marine fuel due to its capacity to significantly reduce emissions of particulate matter, sulfur oxides (SOx), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), compared to conventional fuels. In addition, LNG combustion...
Maritime transport is a major component of global supply chains, but reducing its atmospheric emissions remains essential to improving the environmental sustainability of shipping. This study analyzes onboard emission data reported for the MV Ilshin ...
One method to reduce CO2 emissions from vehicle exhaust is the use of liquified petroleum gas (LPG) fuel. The global use of this fuel is high in European countries such as Poland, Romania, and Italy. There are a small number of computational models f...
A partial aperture onboard calibration method can solve the onboard calibration problems of some large aperture remote sensors, which is of great significance for the development trend of increasingly large apertures in optical remote sensors. In thi...
The maintenance of railway systems is critical for their safe operation. However some landscape geographical features force the track line to have sharp curves with small radii. Sharp curves are known to be the main source of wheel flange wear. The r...
The q-method for pose estimation utilizes on-board measurement vectors of reference objects to calculate air vehicle position and orientation with respect to an Inertial frame. This new method solves for the quaternion eigenvalue solution of the opti...
This study sets and evaluates a practical framework for predicting ship resistance under real operational conditions along a global shipping route. Despite extensive research, the literature lacks straightforward studies that separately assess wind,...
19 May 2022
Road transport contributes significantly to air pollution in cities. Regulations across the globe continuously reduce the limits that vehicles need to respect during their lifetimes. Furthermore, more pollutants are being subject to control with new...
This study validated and investigated elevation- and frequency-dependent systematic biases observed in ground-based code measurements of the Chinese BeiDou navigation satellite system, using the onboard BeiDou code measurement data from the Chinese m...
This paper proposes a novel and accurate method for estimating the flight coefficient of a flying disc typically operating at a high rotation rate. In particular, the proposed method introduces a new algorithm that takes advantage of magnetic data me...
Estimating line impedance is relevant in transmission and distribution networks, in particular for planning and control. The large number of deployed PMUs has fostered the use of passive indirect methods based on network model identification. Electri...
Nowadays, cars are an essential part of daily life, and failures, especially of the engine, need to be avoided. Here, we used the determination of the battery voltage as a reference measurement to determine possible malfunctions. Thereby, we compared...
An AGILE (Advanced enerGetic Ion eLectron tElescope) instrument is being developed at the University of Kansas and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to be launched on board a CubeSat in 2022. The AGILE instrument aims to identify a large variety of io...
This paper presents a strategy for collision detection and recovery control of drones using an onboard Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). The collision detection algorithm compares the expected response of the drone with the measurements from the IMU t...
Accurate radar RCS measurements are critical to the feature recognition of spatial targets. A calibration method for radar RCS measurement errors is proposed for the first time in the context of special target tracking by observing the Luneburg Lens...
Real-Time Precise Orbit Determination (RTPOD) of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites relies primarily on onboard GNSS observations and may suffer from degraded performance when observation geometry weakens or tracking conditions deteriorate within satel...
The Chinese HY-2D satellite was launched on 19 May 2021, carrying a Ku-band scatterometer. Together with the operating scatterometers onboard the HY-2B and HY-2C satellites, the HY-2 series scatterometer constellation was built, constituting differen...
Periodic calibrations of Energy Measurement Systems (EMS) installed in locomotives must be carried out to demonstrate the required accuracy established in the EN 50463-2 standard according to European Parliament and Council Directive 2008/57/EC on th...
Detecting track geometry and rail surface defects using on-board vehicle monitoring systems is a key issue for rail infrastructure managers to increase availability and reliability while reducing the costs associated with monitoring and maintenance....
Ship emissions are a major cause of global air pollution, and in particular, emissions from the combustion of bunker fuels, such as heavy fuel oil (HFO), show strong impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, sophisticated measurement te...
The use of multirotor drones has increased dramatically in the last decade. These days, quadcopters and Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) drones can be found in many applications such as search and rescue, inspection, commercial photography, intell...
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the addition of an oxygenated additive (a mixture of mono-, di- and triacetylglycerol obtained from residual glycerin within the biodiesel production scheme) on the specific fuel consumption and exh...
This paper proposes a novel robust orientation estimator to enhance the accuracy and robustness of orientation estimation for inertial–magnetic sensors of the small consumer–grade drones. The proposed estimator utilizes a trust–regi...
This paper is concerned with the problem of assigning, in a physically transparent way, value to automotive transport services and their related environmental impacts. We discuss the idea that the transport value of an automotive service can be measu...
This paper presents a procedure for the comparison of two technologies developed to classify peach trees according to their nutritional status. The first technology uses the leaf SPAD-502 meter value to characterize tree classes as indicated by agron...
Pollution caused by ship emissions has drawn attention from various countries. Because of the high density of ships in ports, channels, and anchorages and their proximity to the densely populated areas, ship emissions will considerably impact these a...
This paper reports the analysis of the feasibility to characterise the air leakage and the mechanical ventilation avoiding the intrusiveness of the traditional measurement techniques of the corresponding indicators in buildings. The viability of obta...
Emerging assistance systems are designed to enable operators to perform tasks better, faster, and with a lower workload. However, in line with the productivity paradox, the full potential of automation and digitalisation is not being realised. One re...
The problem of remaining useful life estimation (RULE) of hollow worn railway vehicle wheels in terms of remaining mileage via wheel tread depth estimation using on-board vibration signals from a single accelerometer on the bogie frame is presently i...
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