Latest Trends in Alternative Fuels and Green Technologies for Maritime Decarbonization

A Special Issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312) belonging to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 December 2026 | Viewed by 1418

Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The maritime industry is under immense pressure and regulatory constraints to meet the IMO's 2050 net-zero emissions targets, driving rapid innovation in alternative fuels and green technologies for decarbonization. Breakthroughs in green ammonia, bio-methanol, e-methanol, green hydrogen, LNG, and advanced biofuels, as well as wind-assisted propulsion, hydrogen fuel cells, battery-electric hybridized systems, and rotor sails, promise transformative reductions in GHG emissions. This invited Special Issue seeks to publish the most exciting, high-impact research on these frontiers, with rapid peer review and open-access dissemination to advance research, teaching, policy, and industry adoption. We encourage high-quality papers featuring novel techniques, real-world data, and scalable solutions that demonstrate a tangible impact on the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) of vessels.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Alternative fuels (ammonia, methanol, hydrogen, biofuels, and LNG);
  • Green propulsion systems (fuel cells, batteries, and wind tech);
  • Retrofits and integration of pilot on-board carbon capture and storage (OCCS) systems;
  • Utilization aspects of captured carbon from OCCS systems;
  • Retrofits to integrate systems in order to reduce the CII of vessels;
  • Advanced numerical methods for emissions modelling;
  • Experimental investigations;
  • Lifecycle impact assessments;
  • Pilot projects, case studies, and pilot demonstrations (either on-board or land-based setups);
  • Regulatory frameworks, and safety based on flag authorities and classification societies (responsible organizations).

Dr. George Mallouppas
Dr. Elias Yfantis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • alternative fuels
  • green technologies
  • experimental modelling
  • advanced numerical methods
  • CCUS
  • maritime decarbonisation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 6896 KB  
Article
Voyage-Level Assessment of Slow Steaming and B30 Biofuel Strategies for Container Vessel Decarbonisation Under EU ETS and FuelEU Maritime
by Doru Coșofreț, Octavian-Narcis Volintiru, Daniel Mărășescu, Florențiu Deliu and Ciprian Popa
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14(14), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14141296 - 15 Jul 2026
Viewed by 380
Abstract
This study evaluates operational decarbonisation options for container vessels operating under the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime. This study analyses a 5000 TEU post-Panamax container vessel on the Rotterdam–Limassol route under nine operational scenarios combining three operating speeds [...] Read more.
This study evaluates operational decarbonisation options for container vessels operating under the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime. This study analyses a 5000 TEU post-Panamax container vessel on the Rotterdam–Limassol route under nine operational scenarios combining three operating speeds (24, 21, and 19 kn) with three fuel configurations (HFO, MGO, and a B30 biofuel blend). The assessment included voyage-level fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI), Tank-to-Wake (TTW) greenhouse-gas intensity, fuel cost, EU ETS exposure, Pareto trade-off analysis, and Monte Carlo uncertainty evaluation. Pareto analysis reduced the nine evaluated scenarios to three representative low-speed operating configurations corresponding to minimum cost (HFO, 19 kn), intermediate emissions reduction (MGO, 19 kn), and minimum emissions (B30, 19 kn). Among these configurations, the B30 case produced the lowest TTW GHG-intensity and EEOI values, whereas the HFO case remained the least-cost option under current market conditions. The break-even assessment indicates that B30 becomes cost-competitive with HFO slow steaming only at carbon prices of approximately 754 EUR/tCO2 under reference market conditions—substantially above current EU ETS levels (50–80 EUR/tCO2). Sensitivity analysis shows that reducing the B30 price from 900 USD/t to 720 USD/t lowers this threshold to approximately 406 EUR/tCO2. The results quantify the current economic gap for transitional biofuels under the EU ETS alone and highlight the complementary role of FuelEU Maritime lifecycle incentives. Key limitations include TTW-based emissions accounting and steady-state operational assumptions. Full article
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21 pages, 11436 KB  
Article
Validation of an LNG Ship Added-Resistance Prediction Framework Using Onboard Measured Data
by Ante Čalić, Nur Assani, Goran Rilje and Marko Katalinić
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14(11), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14111041 - 1 Jun 2026
Viewed by 489
Abstract
This study sets and evaluates a practical framework for predicting ship resistance under real operational conditions along a global shipping route. Despite extensive research, the literature lacks straightforward studies that separately assess wind, wave, and current resistance using real-world performance data for ships [...] Read more.
This study sets and evaluates a practical framework for predicting ship resistance under real operational conditions along a global shipping route. Despite extensive research, the literature lacks straightforward studies that separately assess wind, wave, and current resistance using real-world performance data for ships in varying conditions. To address this gap, a methodology is established using recommended semi-empirical approaches combined with full-scale onboard operational measurements and Copernicus Marine Service environmental data in a unified assessment procedure. Calm water resistance is scaled from reference values under near-calm conditions, wind resistance is calculated using established regression models, wave-induced resistance is estimated using state-of-the-art semi-empirical formulations and spectral calculations, and current effects are modelled through a dynamic correction based on speed-over-ground measurements. The aim is to assess the reliability and applicability of added resistance calculation methods recommended by recent regulatory standards. Validation is performed by comparing the predicted resistance components, converted to equivalent shaft power, against full-scale onboard shaft-power measurements. In addition, a comparison between onboard measurements of wind and current and Copernicus data is presented. Predicted resistance components are validated against full-scale power measurements, showing agreement with an average error of approximately 9%. The resulting framework provides a practical tool for assessing energy losses due to environmental factors along specific routes using readily available ship data. Full article
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