Elevated levels of gut leakage markers have been shown after strenuous exercise in healthy individuals. Any association between a temporary increase in these markers and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown. We therefore aimed to...
If we do not urgently educate current and future medical professionals to critically evaluate and distinguish credible AI-assisted diagnostic tools from those whose performance is artificially inflated by data leakage or improper validation, we risk...
Microbiota-dysbiosis-induced gut leakage is a pathophysiologic change in chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to the production of several uremic toxins and their absorption into the bloodstream to worsen the renal complications. We evaluate the ben...
Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, creating a strong need for reliable population-scale risk prediction models for large-scale screening and preventive monitoring. However, existing machine learning and deep learn...
Background: Deep-learning models for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis frequently report revolutionary accuracies exceeding 95% yet consistently fail in clinical translation. This scoping review investigates whether methodological flaws, parti...
Background and Aim: Mango (Mangifera indica) is a globally important fruit crop whose productivity is repeatedly threatened by foliar diseases such as anthracnose, bacterial canker, powdery mildew, die-back, and sooty mould. Although deep learning ha...
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). This study aimed to identify a mouse model that replicates BBB impairment and shares key cSVD risk factors. Transgenic db/db and LDLr−/−.Le...
Disruption of the microbiota resulting in pathogenicity is known as dysbiosis and is key in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The microbiome of patients with IBD is characterized by depletion of commensal bacteria, in particular B...
Alzheimer’s disease and dementia are leading causes of cognitive decline among older adults, creating a need for accurate, transparent, and clinically interpretable decision-support tools for routine screening. This study proposes a leakage-awa...
According to the WHO 2009 classification, dengue with warning signs is at the risk of developing severe form of dengue disease. One of the most important warning signs is plasma leakage, which can be a serious complication associated with higher morb...
Persistent inflammation is a complication associated with many ocular diseases. Changes in ocular vessels can amplify disease responses and contribute to vision loss by influencing the delivery of leukocytes to the eye, vascular leakage, and perfusio...
Machine learning is increasingly applied to cardiovascular disease prediction yet reported performance metrics often appear implausibly high due to methodological errors. Recent work has reported nearly perfect predictive accuracy (≈99%) using...
Purpose: This study investigates the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), dry eye disease (DED), and glaucoma, focusing on the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) usage and air leakage. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional s...
The American elm (Ulmus americana L.), once a dominant species in North American floodplain forests, has suffered significant population declines due to Dutch elm disease (DED). Despite this, some elms persist, potentially exhibiting disease resistan...
Midazolam is an anesthetic widely used for anxiolysis and sedation; however, to date, a possible role for midazolam in diabetic kidney disease remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of midazolam on hyperglycemia-induced glomerular endothel...
The kidney is a mitochondria-rich organ, and kidney diseases are recognized as mitochondria-related pathologies. Intact mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintains normal mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mtDNA damage, including imp...
Dengue virus infection can cause severe complications due to vascular leakage. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) regulates vascular permeability, but its role in dengue pathogenesis is unclear. This study investigated the association between plas...
Many MRI-based Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification studies report near-perfect accuracy; however, these results are often inflated by data leakage caused by slice-level splitting, where correlated slices of the same subject appear in both t...
Background/Objectives: Specialist hepatology capacity is small relative to the population needing assessment, so most decisions about whom to investigate for chronic liver disease fall to non-specialists guided by static laboratory indices reported i...
Uremic toxins and gut dysbiosis in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) can induce gut leakage, causing the translocation of gut microbial molecules into the systemic circulation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) are the...
A chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes uremic toxin accumulation and gut dysbiosis, which further induces gut leakage and worsening CKD. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria and (1➔3)-β-D-glucan (BG) of fungi are the two most...
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is deposited in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) due to impaired vessel-dependent clearance. To understand the mechanisms, we investigated time-dependent cerebrovascular changes in AD model mice....
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex disease characterized by profound fatigue, post-exertional malaise (PEM), and neurocognitive dysfunction. Immune dysregulation and gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly observe...
Early differentiation of neurodegenerative movement disorders remains challenging because of overlapping cognitive-behavioral profiles. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a widely used 30-point screening instrument; however, the extent to wh...
Background: Urgent-start peritoneal dialysis (UPD) has emerged as an alternative modality for initiating kidney replacement therapy when immediate hemodialysis is not available. However, early initiation after catheter placement may increase the risk...
Background/Objectives: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is among the most serious complications after colorectal resection with primary anastomosis. Emergency surgery has been identified as a procedural risk factor, but data from mid-volume, non-specialized...
Background/Objectives: Duodenal stump fistula (DSF) is one of the most feared postoperative complications in gastric cancer surgery. It has a 1.6–5% incidence rate and correlates with potentially high rates of morbidity (75%) and mortality (16&...
Different soil layer properties have great influence on tunnel leakage. In this paper, the finite element software is used to analyze the homogeneous leakage model of different soil layers and different degrees of lining deterioration. The working co...
Background: Considering the increasing worldwide prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the early diagnosis of this disease is extremely important. However, non-invasive diagnostic methods remain limited, while invasive techniques are the mo...
Existing tunnel defect detection methods often lack repeated inspections, limiting longitudinal analysis of defects. To address this, we propose a multi-information fusion approach for continuous defect monitoring. Initially, we utilized the You Only...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which early detection and reliable monitoring remain major clinical challenges. Electroencephalography (EEG) combined with machine learning has attracted growing interest...
Infections caused by dengue virus (DENV) result in significant morbidity and mortality. A proportion of infected individuals develop dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) characterized by circulatory collapse and multiorgan failure. Early detection of indi...
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an inflammatory protein with diverse functions in the brain. Although many studies have investigated the mechanism of LCN2 in brain injuries, the effect of LCN2 on amyloid-toxicity-related memory deficits in a mouse model of Alz...
Dysregulation of vascular networks is characteristic of eye diseases associated with retinal cell degeneration and visual loss. Visual impairment is also the consequence of photoreceptor degeneration in inherited eye diseases with a major inflammator...
Fibrillin-1 is an extracellular matrix protein that assembles into microfibrils that provide critical functions in large blood vessels and other tissues. Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene are associated with cardiovascular, ocular, and skeletal abnor...
Retinal vascular leakage is known to be an important biomarker to monitor the disease activity of uveitis. Although fluorescein angiography (FA) is a gold standard for the diagnosis and assessment of the disease activity of uveitis, the evaluation of...
Leakage is a high-incidence disease of embankment dams, and efficiently addressing this disease guarantees the safe operation of dams. Underwater leakage self-priming plugging technology is a new technology that utilizes the melting and solidifying c...
Water leakage defects often occur in underground structures, leading to accelerated structural aging and threatening structural safety. Leakage identification can detect early diseases of underground structures and provide important guidance for rein...
Water leakages can affect the safety and durability of shield tunnels, so rapid and accurate identification and diagnosis are urgently needed. However, current leakage detection methods are mostly based on mobile LiDAR data, making it challenging to...
Background/Objectives: Ostomy creation surgery is a common intervention for patients with conditions such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or acute events like trauma and gastrointestinal perforation. Individuals with...
Objective: It is well established that having a stoma can negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but there is a paucity of research describing the natural history of certain complications associated with living with a stoma, such a...
Shield tunnels are the primary structural form of subway tunnels. Under the influence of sulfate ions and stray currents, the internal bars in shield tunnels will corrode rapidly, affecting the safe operation of the subway. In this paper, a numerical...
Proper functioning of the neural retina relies on the unique retinal environment regulated by the blood–retinal barrier (BRB), which restricts the passage of solutes, fluids, and toxic substances. BRB impairment occurs in many retinal vascular...
Background and Objectives: Traumatic duodenal injury is a rare disease with limited evidence. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for postoperative leakage and outcomes of pyloric exclusion after duodenal grade 2 and 3 injury. Materials and Methods...
Old–world orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI) with transient proteinuria. It seems plausible that proteinuria during acute HFRS is mediated by the disruption of the gl...
Addressing the key pain points in detecting typical apparent diseases of concrete structures, where standalone object detection fails to achieve pixel-level quantification and standalone semantic segmentation, is inefficient. Therefore, a deep learni...
Axonal and neuronal pathologies are a central constituent of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), induced by the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55 peptide. In this study, w...
Actinomyces israelii is a branching anaerobic bacilli microorganism that can be identified as normal flora throughout various portions of the human alimentary canal. It is crucial to establish a diagnosis as treatment will vary depending on the clini...
Compromised blood-retinal barrier (BRB) integrity is a significant factor in ocular diseases like uveitis and retinopathies, leading to pathological vascular permeability and retinal edema. Adherens and tight junction (AJ and TJ) dysregulation due to...
Chitosan, a chitin-derived biopolymer, is widely used in agriculture and food preservation. Fungal-derived chitosan offers a sustainable alternative to crustacean sources, and Ganoderma lucidum represents a promising source of this functional materia...
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