In the last decade, the objectives outlined by the needs of personal robotics have led to the rise of new biologically-inspired techniques for arm motion planning. This paper presents a literature review of the most recent research on the generation...
In this experiment, raw milk and commercially available full-cream UHT milk, semi-skimmed UHT milk, skimmed UHT milk, full-cream pasteurized milk, semi-skimmed pasteurized milk and infant formulas for babies between 6 and 12 months of age were analyz...
Previous studies on the human likeness of service robots have focused mainly on their human-like appearance and used psychological constructs to measure the outcomes of human likeness. Unlike previous studies, this study focused on the human-like beh...
In this paper, the human-like motion issue for anthropomorphic arms is further discussed. An Intelligent Human-like Motion Planner (IHMP) consisting of Movement Primitive (MP), Bayesian Network (BN) and Coupling Neural Network (CPNN) is proposed to h...
The aim of this research was to prepare a novel sponge-like porous hydrogel scaffold based on human-like collagen (HLC) that could be applied in cartilage tissue regeneration. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a porogen to prepare...
To address the ‘mechanical’ return to original lane and similar non-humanized lane-changing issues that may occur in existing intelligent driving systems after completing overtaking maneuvers, this study proposes a humanized lane-changing...
Artificial intelligence has brought tremendous convenience to human life in various aspects. However, during its application, there are still instances where AI fails to comprehend certain problems or cannot achieve flawless execution, necessitating...
In this study, a sensorimotor controller is designed to characterize the required muscle force to enable a robotics system to perform a human-like circular movement. When the appropriate muscle internal forces are chosen, the arm end-point tracks the...
There are multifarious stationary vehicles in urban driving environments. Autonomous vehicles need to make appropriate overtaking maneuver decisions to navigate through the stationary vehicles. In literature, overtaking maneuver decision problems hav...
Developing a human-like autonomous driving system has gained increasing amounts of attention from both technology companies and academic institutions, as it can improve the interpretability and acceptance of the autonomous system. Planning a safe and...
As the main component of an autonomous driving system, the motion planner plays an essential role for safe and efficient driving. However, traditional motion planners cannot make full use of the on-board sensing information and lack the ability to ef...
Taurine, the end product in the sulfur-containing amino acid pathway, is conjugated with bile acids (BAs) in the liver. The rate-limiting enzymes in both taurine synthesis and BA conjugation may be regulated by a nucleus receptor, FXR, that promotes...
Conversational agents built on large language models increasingly converse like humans, expressing emotions and disclosing their own experiences. Human-likeness, however, has been studied largely as a matter of appearance—how human an agent loo...
As one of the key technologies restricting the development of intelligent ships, autonomous collision avoidance has attracted the attention of many scholars all over the world. Existing research on collision-avoidance behavior focuses more on collisi...
This study investigates the impact of human-like machines (HLMs) on the user experience (UX) of young adults during voice interactions between drivers and autonomous vehicles. A mixed-method approach was employed to evaluate three voice agents with v...
Due to the complexity of the unstructured environment and the high-level requirement of smoothness when a tracked transportation vehicle is traveling, making the vehicle travel as safely and smoothly as when a skilled operator is maneuvering the vehi...
Global route planning has garnered global scholarly attention as a crucial technology for ensuring the safe navigation of intelligent ships. The comprehensive influence of time-varying factors such as water depth, prohibited areas, navigational track...
Inspired by the structure of human arms, a modular cable-driven human-like robotic arm (CHRA) is developed for safe human–robot interaction. Due to the unilateral driving properties of the cables, the CHRA is redundantly actuated and its stiffn...
Designing the “ideal” hydrogel/matrix which can load bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a low dose and with a sustained release is the key for its successful therapeutic application to enhance osteogenesis. The current use of natural...
A novel, three-dimensional, porous, human-like collagen (HLC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) scaffold cross-linked by 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane (DEO) was successfully fabricated, which showed excellent mechanical and superior biological properties for bone t...
5 August 2025
Virtual influencers (VIs) on e-commerce platforms are becoming increasingly popular, enhancing the consumer experience. This study examines the consumer–brand relationship (CBR) with VIs through the perspective of social presence. Data from 104...
The under-actuated foot rotation that the heel of the stance leg lifts off the ground and the body rotates around the stance toe is an important feature in human walking. However, it is absent in the realized walking gait for the majority of biped ro...
Collagen is the functional protein of the skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, and connective tissue. Due to its extraordinary properties, collagen has a wide range of applications in biomedicine, tissue engineering, food, and cosmetics. In thi...
With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, both self-driven and human-driven vehicles will share roads in the future and complex information exchange among vehicles will be required. Therefore, autonomous vehicles need to behave as...
To address the challenge that existing soft grippers have difficulty achieving fine manipulation comparable to the human finger’s “circular twisting” motion, this paper proposes a four-chamber spatial bending soft actuator based on...
16 October 2026
It is unclear what consumers infer from the social-oriented (SCS) and task-oriented (TCS) communication styles of conversational AI in e-commerce, or why these associations vary across tasks. Drawing on mind perception research, we examine affective...
In order to overcome the low long-term predictive accuracy associated with mainstream prediction models and the limited consideration of driver characteristics, this study presents an enhanced attention mechanism for human-like trajectory prediction,...
With the rapid and wide implementation of adaptive cruise control system (ACC), the testing and evaluation method becomes an important question. Based on the human driver behavior characteristics extracted from naturalistic driving studies (NDS), thi...
The creation of believable behaviors for Non-Player Characters (NPCs) is key to improve the players’ experience while playing a game. To achieve this objective, we need to design NPCs that appear to be controlled by a human player. In this pape...
There are many studies analyzing human motion. However, we do not yet fully understand the mechanisms of our own bodies. We believe that mimicking human motion and function using a robot will help us to deepen our understanding of humans. Therefore,...
Brain-like intelligent decision-making is a prevailing trend in today’s world. However, inspired by bionics and computer science, the linear neural network has become one of the main means to realize human-like decision-making and control. This...
The humanoid torso is crucial for the overall performance of a humanoid robot. Developing an effective humanoid spine is essential for enhancing this mechanism. This paper introduces a one-vertebral-disc unit inspired by human spine anatomy. A protot...
The article presents a viewpoint on the current status and limitations of humanoid robotics and possible future progress. It may be seen as a continuation of the article “How far away is artificial man?” published in 2001 by a group of au...
At first glance, the treatment of LLMs from the perspective of the Free Energy Principle (FEP) seems straightforward: LLMs do not fully operate under the FEP due to their lack of direct connection with the external environment and the incompleteness...
Decision-making is a key part of autonomous driving systems. Human-like decision-making in complex scenarios is important for enhancing drivers’ trust in and acceptance of autonomous driving systems. In order to improve their human-like feature...
Autonomous mobile robots have recently become a popular solution for automating cleaning tasks. In one application, the robot cleans a floor space by traversing and covering it completely. While fulfilling its task, such a robot may create a map of i...
The rapid growth of online chess has intensified the challenge of distinguishing engine-assisted from authentic human play, exposing the limitations of existing approaches that rely solely on deterministic evaluation metrics. This study introduces a...
Currently, in many realms, such as entertainment and marketing communications, human influencers have been replaced by virtual ones. As a result, marketing researchers are devoting more attention to the use of virtual influencers. The current study i...
Human-like virtual influencers (VIs) have become an increasingly important component of social media marketing. Their human-like appearance can simultaneously attract users and, meanwhile, evoke discomfort associated with the uncanny valley. This stu...
As a virtual human is provided with more human-like characteristics, will it elicit stronger social responses from people? Two experiments were conducted to address these questions. The first experiment investigated whether virtual humans can evoke a...
As the linguistic capabilities of AI-based dialogue systems improve, their human-likeness is increasing, and their behavior no longer receives a universal evaluation. To better adapt to users, the consideration of individual preferences is required....
One of the challenging aspects of robotics research is to successfully establish a human-like behavioural control strategy for human–robot handover, since a robotic controller is further complicated by the dynamic nature of the human response. This p...
9 July 2026
Virtual influencers in diverse appearances emerged and gained popularity on virtual platforms. However, how the appearances of virtual influencers affect consumers’ attitudes and reactions remained largely unexplored. Through three experimental...
Even after long-term exposures, androids with a strikingly human-like appearance evoke unnatural feelings. The behavior that would induce human-like feelings after long exposures is difficult to determine, and it often depends on the cultural backgro...
In the healing of wounds, human-like collagen (hCol) is essential. However, collagen-based composite dressings have poor stability in vivo, which severely limits their current therapeutic potential. Based on the above, we have developed a recombinant...
Aim: The integration of robots can help provide solutions in regards to the need for an increase in resources in healthcare. The aim of this review was to identify how robots are utilized in the healthcare of people who are over the age of 65 and how...
Virtual agents powered by large language models are increasingly deployed in digital mental health services, yet the influence of avatar appearance on users’ emotional, cognitive, and physiological responses remains insufficiently understood. T...
This paper proposes a data-driven human-like driver model (HDM) based on the analysis and understanding of human drivers’ behavior in path-tracking tasks. The proposed model contains a visual perception module and a decision-making module. The...
Dexterous robotic grasping with multifingered hands remains a critical challenge in non-visual environments, where diverse object geometries and material properties demand adaptive force modulation and tactile-aware manipulation. To address this, we...
Visual signals are the upmost important source for robots, vehicles or machines to achieve human-like intelligence. Human beings heavily depend on binocular vision to understand the dynamically changing world. Similarly, intelligent robots or machine...
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