The energy transition in the transportation sector makes hydrogen a promising candidate as a fuel for internal combustion engines; however, its tendency to knock limits its use to lean mixtures, resulting in a reduction in performance. In this contex...
Diesel engine combustion becomes very rough and can lead even lead to deflagration under high altitude conditions, which is harmful to component durability. In this study, the effects of altitude on the main combustion characteristics—in-cylind...
In high altitude regions, affected by the low-pressure and low-temperature atmosphere, diesel knock is likely to be encountered in heavy-duty engines operating at low-speed and high-load conditions. Pressure oscillations during diesel knock are commo...
As sustainable green fuels for heavy-duty engines, using hydrogen doping with ammonia helps to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Based on the background of hydrogen production from ammonia reforming, the combustion and emission characteristics of hy...
To meet climate targets, a global shift away from fossil fuels is essential. For sectors where electrification is impractical, it is crucial to find sustainable energy carriers. Renewable methanol is widely considered a promising fuel for powering he...
Astronauts are exposed to considerable doses of space radiation during long-term space missions. As complete shielding of the highly energetic particles is impracticable, the cellular response to space-relevant radiation qualities has to be understoo...
This study numerically investigates the conversion of a Heavy-Duty (HD) Spark-Ignition (SI) Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) engine to operate with hydrogen-rich syngas produced from waste plastic pyrolysis. The engine was modeled with a one-dimensional...
High altitude and low temperature is the common extreme environment for internal combustion engines. Under such operating conditions, heavy-duty diesel engines often suffer from serious abnormal combustion, such as knocking combustion, which results...
In modern hydrogen engines, abnormal combustion phenomena such as knock and pre-ignition limit the operational range. To overcome these limitations, the balance of required and supplied ignition energy needs to be understood. Charge motion is one way...
Natively unfolded tau has a low propensity to form aggregates, but in tauopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau aggregates into paired helical filaments (PHFs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Multiple intracellular transport pathwa...
The agonist-induced endocytosis of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 is different from that of the other members of the muscarinic receptor family. The uptake of the M2 receptor involves the adapter proteins of the β-arrestin family and the sm...
Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that affects the food chain and poses a severe threat to food safety. Nonetheless, the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) transcriptomic regulation mechanisms of Cr tolerance genes in rice are not well understood. This stud...
In the current context of rapid Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing technology development, the Single Packet Authorization (SPA) protocol faces increasing challenges, such as security threats from Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack...
In many complex systems one observes the formation of medium-level structures, whose detection could allow a high-level description of the dynamical organization of the system itself, and thus to its better understanding. We have developed in the pas...
Increased commercial demand for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has resulted in the urgent need to establish efficient production systems. We previously developed a transgenic chicken bioreactor system that effectively produced human cytokines in egg wh...
Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) is frequently activated in tumor cells contributing to aggressive tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy. Here we demonstrate that Ferritin Heavy Chain (FHC) protein expression inversely correlates with NF-&...
The genus Pseudomonas is widely recognized for its potential for environmental remediation and plant growth promotion. Pseudomonas sp. DY-1 was isolated from the agricultural soil contaminated five years by prometryne, it manifested an outstanding pr...
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) bring heavy burden to patients’ families and society. Because the incidence of this disease is very low, studies in patients are extremely limited. Animal models of this disease are indispensable. UC...
Recently, concerns about heavy metal cadmium ion (Cd2+) residue in asparagus have been frequently reported, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective, sensitive, and rapid detection method for Cd2+. In this study, we innovatively combined m...
The increase of the global population and shortage of renewable water resources urges the development of possible remedies to improve the quality and reusability of waste and contaminated water supplies. Different water pollutants, such as heavy meta...
Bombyx mori, a key lepidopteran model with economic importance, is highly susceptible to environmental heavy metal pollution. This study investigated the mechanisms of Pb toxicity and the associated detoxification and metabolic defense responses in s...
Interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) has traditionally been considered a decoy receptor; however, its cellular functions beyond the immune system remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of IL-13Rα2 in C2C12 myoblast prolif...
Observation of the onset of color transparency in baryons would provide a new means of studying the nuclear strong force and would be the first clear evidence of baryons transforming into a color-neutral point-like size in the nucleus as predicted by...
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is one of the main threats to the poultry industry worldwide. Very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) is a fatal virus strain that causes heavy mortality in young chicken flocks. Ca2+ is one of the most universal and versat...
Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is a promising cancer therapy, which has progressed rapidly from a preclinical concept to clinical implementation. Commonly considered targets in ICI are CTLA-4, PD-1/PD-L1, and LAG-3, and the list grows. As ICI is...
Gene-editing technology provides innovative strategies for coping with crop stress, enhancing resistance to biotic stresses (fungal, bacterial, viral infections) and abiotic stresses (salinity, drought, heavy metals, temperature extremes). The CRISPR...
It has been well established that moderate alcohol consumption inversely correlates with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, whereas binge alcohol drinking increases cardiovascular disease risk. The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the imp...
Background: Cilia are actin based cellular protrusions conserved from algae to complex multicellular organisms like Homo sapiens. Respiratory motile cilia line epithelial cells of the tracheobronchial tree, beat in a synchronous, metachronal wave, mo...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a type of cancer originating in the mucosal epithelium of the mouth, pharynx, and larynx, the sixth most common cancer in the world. However, there is no effective treatment for HNSCCs. More than 90...
Upregulated expression of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 oncogene is a common feature of various types of B-cell malignancies, from lymphoma to leukemia or myeloma. It is currently unclear how the various patterns of deregulation observed in pathology event...
Cadmium, one of the most toxic heavy metals, can cause severe oxidative damage to aquatic animals. However, the mechanism whereby the mud crabs respond to cadmium exposure remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of cadmium exposure on ox...
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) causes bacterial canker of kiwifruit with heavy economic losses. However, little is known about the pathogenic genes of Psa. CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas-mediated gen...
To investigate the underlying mechanisms of low metabolic activity of primary chondrocytes obtained from girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS); AIS is a spine-deforming disease that often occurs in girls. AIS is associated with a lower bon...
Methanol is a liquid fuel with high oxygen content and the potential for a closed-loop carbon-neutral production cycle. To investigate the mixture formation and combustion characteristics of a heavy-duty Port Fuel Injection (PFI) methanol engine, a t...
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is the pathogen of visceral white spot disease in marine fish, which usually occurs at 16–19 °C and has resulted in heavy economic losses. Our previous RNA sequencing revealed that the expression of the fliL gene in P. ple...
Ammonia is increasingly regarded as a carbon-free energy carrier for hard-to-electrify power sectors, including marine propulsion, heavy-duty transport, and distributed generation. Its direct use in internal combustion engines, however, is constraine...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain malignancy in the U.S. with a 5-year overall survival < 5% despite an aggressive standard of care. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a surgical approach to treating GBM that has gained...