230 Results Found

Manganese (Mn) exposure can result in parkinsonism. However, understanding of manganese neurotoxicity has been limited by the lack of a cumulative Mn biomarker. Therefore, the current goal was to develop Mn cumulative exposure indices (MnCEI), an est...

Background/Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious complication of bisphosphonate therapy, whose risk is currently assessed through qualitative staging systems that do not integrate pharmacological determinants of...

The maximum cumulative ratio (MCR) developed in previous work is a tool to evaluate the need to perform cumulative risk assessments. MCR is the ratio of the cumulative exposures to multiple chemicals to the maximum exposure from one of the chemicals...

The extensive exposure to multiple mycotoxins has been demonstrated in many countries; however, realistic assessments of the risks related to cumulative exposure are limited. This biomonitoring study was conducted to investigate exposure to 23 mycoto...

Over the last 15 years, mixture risk assessment for food xenobiotics has evolved from conceptual discussions and simple screening tools, such as the Hazard Index (HI), towards operational, component-based and probabilistic frameworks embedded in majo...

Urban areas face cumulative environmental pressures from climate variability, rapid urbanization, and growing concentrations of built assets, requiring geospatial methods that capture gradual, overlapping susceptibility patterns rather than rigid thr...

The effects on respiratory health in populations living close to silica-rich gold mine dumps are unknown. This pilot study related respiratory health and exposure to mine dump dust using two measures of exposure: exposure group, based on distance liv...

Lead (Pb) and methyl mercury (MeHg) are well established neurodevelopmental toxicants (NDTs), but joint exposure to chemical and nonchemical (e.g., maternal stress) stressors has rarely been considered. We characterized exposure to Pb, MeHg and a me...

Background: The conicity index (C-index) is an anthropometric indicator of body fat distribution. This study aimed to explore the associations of cumulative C-index and its trajectories with self-reported stroke among Chinese adults. Methods: Data we...

Extreme natural hazard events are increasing across the globe, compelling increased climate research on resiliency. Research concerning issues as integrative as climate change and natural hazard resiliency often requires complex methodologies to acco...

To characterize pesticide residues and age-specific dietary exposure risks in apples from Xinjiang’s main production areas, 120 samples were collected from Aksu, Ili, and Kashgar in October 2025 and screened for 82 pesticides using GC–MS/...

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with hepatic risk, but longitudinal data during methotrexate (MTX) and biologic therapy are limited. We evaluated two-year changes in age-fixed FIB-4 and APRI and their associations with cumulative...

Effective management of coral reefs requires strategies tailored to cope with cumulative disturbances from human activities. In Brazil, where coral reefs are a priority for conservation, intensifying threats from local and global stressors are of par...

Population exposure to multiple chemicals in air presents significant challenges for environmental public health. Air quality regulations distinguish criteria air pollutants (CAPs) (e.g., ozone, PM2.5) from hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)—187 chemica...

Background/Objectives: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and the leading source of natural radiation exposure worldwide; however, its systemic biological effects in children remain poorly understood. This study examined the association b...

Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between interstitial lung abnormalities, asbestos exposure and age in a population of retired workers previously occupationally exposed to asbestos. Methods: previously occupationally e...

In patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) the exposure of very high LDL-C concentration and cumulative LDL-C level (cum LDL-C) can play a significant role in the prognosis. Objective: to analyze the contribution of “cum LDL-C for all...

Dietary exposure to pesticide mixtures is recognized as an important food safety challenge worldwide, particularly in countries with intensive agricultural production. Regulatory monitoring programs focus primarily on compliance with maximum residue...

Human exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) via drinking water has generated public health concerns due to their endocrine disruptive abilities. This study reports on the occurrence and fate of six PAEs in raw and tap water samples collected from provi...

Background: Persistent sexual and psychological symptoms after finasteride discontinuation have been reported; however, factors associated with symptom severity remain insufficiently characterized. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 129 adu...

Computed tomography (CT)-guided procedures require close proximity to the CT gantry or patient, increasing occupational exposure to scattered radiation. Even though radiation-protective equipment is commonly used, the optimization of CT fluoroscopic...

Chronological age is a poor indicator of interindividual differences in biological aging. DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks provide a reliable measure of biological age and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). Although modifiable behavioral, envi...

Preventing and controlling the risk of importing the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly become a major concern. In addition to air freight, ocean-going ships play a non-negligible role in spreading COVID-19 due to frequent visits to countries...

In this study, the oral bioavailability of Pb, Cd, and As in three types of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and TCM decoctions were investigated through in vitro PBET digestion/MDKC cell model. Furthermore, a novel cumulative risk assessment mod...

Metals, stress, and sociodemographics are commonly studied separately for their effects on birth outcomes, yet often jointly contribute to adverse outcomes. This study analyzes two methods for measuring cumulative risk to understand how maternal chem...

Background: Cancer-therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains an important complication of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapy in patients with breast cancer. Although conventional cardiovascular risk factors and...

Epidemiologic studies have suggested an association between agrochemical exposure and risk of renal injury. Farmers face great risks to developing adverse effects. The most appropriate biomarker related to renal injury needs to be developed to encoun...

Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) exhibit neurodevelopmental toxicity. To evaluate the effect of prenatal exposure to OPPs in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationally representative birth cohort study, 4575 maternal urine samples were...

Pesticide residue monitoring data reflect the actual residues in foods as traded and are suitable for estimating consumers’ exposure, evaluating compliance with maximum residue limits, MRLs, and refining future risk-based sampling programmes. T...

Background: Adolescent tobacco, e-cigarette, and alcohol use are important public health concerns in China. However, the associations of specific types and cumulative exposure to childhood family violence with different substance use outcomes remain...

Recent scientific evidence confirms that there is no safe threshold for bisphenol A intake, prompting strict regulatory actions and new prohibitions in the European Union. As a result, bisphenol A has increasingly been replaced by other analogues tha...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and emerging Alternaria toxins often co-occur in cereal-based products, but the current risk assessment is commonly conducted for only one type of mycotoxin at a time. Compared to adults, infants and young children are more susce...

Well-trajectory optimization is frequently framed as maximizing reservoir contact, although additional contact does not necessarily enlarge the dynamically connected drainage volume. Here, vertical, J-shaped and horizontal trajectories were evaluated...

Sleep restriction (SR) reliably increases caloric intake. It remains unknown whether such intake cumulatively increases with repeated SR exposures and is impacted by the number of intervening recovery sleep opportunities. Healthy adults (33.9 ±...

(1) Pome fruits (apples and pears) are among the most frequently consumed fruits in Europe and may contribute to dietary exposure to pesticide residues. Although residue levels generally comply with maximum residue limits (MRLs), even low concentrati...

Ambient air pollutants (APs) are associated with increased chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in general populations, but their renal impact on HIV/AIDS patients remains understudied. This dynamic cohort included 7981 HIV/AIDS patients without baselin...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a growing global health concern. Although sex, smoking, and physical activity are recognized risk factors, their combined effects remain insufficiently studied, particularly among Asian populations. This study...

Background: The association between oral health and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers has been primarily investigated within a periodontitis-centered framework. However, the potential contribution of cumulative oral disease burden, including dental carie...

Background/Objectives: Drug provocation tests (DPTs) are the gold standard for evaluating delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs), yet the lack of standardized protocols for non-mild reactions can lead to lifelong, unnecessary drug avoidance....

Background: Liver disease is a growing global health burden. While individual environmental exposures like heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury) and behavioral factors such as smoking and alcohol use are known risk factors, their combined impact...

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on diabetes mellitus (DM) development in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: This nested case–control study with a cohort of 69,779 DM-na&i...

Patulin (PAT), ochratoxin A (OTA), and acetamiprid (ACM) are common food contaminants that frequently co-occur in agricultural products, raising concerns over their cumulative health risks. This study is the first to systematically assess the combine...

Background: Repeated brain computed tomography (CT) scans in children may result in substantial cumulative radiation exposure, particularly in young children, who are more sensitive to ionizing radiation. The purpose of the study was to assess the do...

Background: The aim of the current study was to explore the trajectories, variabilities, and cumulative exposures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with cardiac arrhythmia (CA) risks. Methods: In total, 35,739 adults from the Kail...

Machine learning (ML) models for hypertension risk prediction have predominantly relied on traditional demographic and clinical risk factors, often overlooking the temporal heterogeneity of environmental exposures. This study developed and validated...

Background/Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of organic compounds utilized in commercial and industrial applications, on allostatic load (AL), a measure of chronic...

This study aimed to estimate the exposure and related health risks of phthalates, and to assess the health risks from combined exposure to three of the phthalates sharing the same mode of action (anti-androgenicity) in children. We determined the int...

Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely found in foods. A high intake of REEs may have associations with adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of REEs in foods in China and to assess the risk of dietary REE...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of rotating night shift work with body fat percentage (BF%) and fat mass index (FMI). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 435 female steelworkers, aged 26–57 years in Tangshan, China. BF%...

Reunion Island is a popular tourist destination with sandy beaches, an active volcano (Piton de la Fournaise), and Piton des Neiges, the highest and most dominant geological feature on the island. Reunion is known to have high levels of solar ultravi...