Aging is a multidimensional biological process that is not adequately captured by chronological age alone. Geroscience—the study of biological mechanisms that drive age-related functional decline and disease susceptibility—therefore requi...
Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, leading to frailty, disability, and increased mortality. Although its clinical consequences are well recogn...
The mechanisms and clinical significance of the cellular senescence of tumor cells are a matter of ongoing debate. Recently, the triggers and molecular events underlying spontaneous, replicative senescence of primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells w...
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer (BC) is still a major cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small but significant subpopulation of heterogeneous breast cancer cells demons...
Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses detectible HIV-1 replication, but latent reservoirs and persistent immune activation contribute to residual viral-associated morbidities and potential viral reactivation. youth with HIV (YWH) virall...
Sestrins are an evolutionarily conserved family of stress-responsive proteins that regulate cellular metabolism, redox balance, and survival. Their expression is induced by diverse cellular stresses through activation of transcription factors such as...
The importance of molecular, cellular, and blood-based biomarkers in modern medicine cannot be overstated [...]
Cellular senescence is defined as irreversible cell cycle arrest caused by various processes that render viable cells non-functional, hampering normal tissue homeostasis. It has many endogenous and exogenous inducers, and is closely connected with ag...
Aging comes with the loss of muscle and bone mass, leading to a condition known as osteosarcopenia. Circulating, cellular, and tissue biomarkers research for osteosarcopenia is relatively scarce and, currently, no established biomarkers exist. Here w...
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) displays a functional repertoire that extends well beyond its classical link to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Abundant in the nervous system and localized within lipid raft microdomains, PrPC has emerged...
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors. Although constituting only 1% of all human malignancies, STSs represent the second most common type of solid tumors in children and adolescents and comprise an important group of s...
Advancing age, while a natural trajectory, often leads to several age-related diseases (ARDs) and impacts the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that the incidence of ARDs is only going to increase over...
Cellular phenotypic transformation is a key process that occurs during the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Within the arterial wall, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and macrophages undergo phenotypic changes that cont...
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic intestinal inflammation caused by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Overt-CD and potential-CD are the two main forms of gluten intolerance in pediatric patients with different grades of intestin...
Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These substances are known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation,...
Synthetic or plastic microfibers (MFs) are an emerging form of microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems, derived from textile degradation and weathering of fishing and aquaculture gear. Despite extensive evidence of MFs in marine organisms, the ef...
Background: Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), remains a major public health concern in Latin America. No licensed vaccine exists to prevent or treat T. cruzi infection. Identifying correlates of protection...
A large number of studies have focused on identifying molecular biomarkers, including microRNAs (miRNAs) to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of the most common subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Follicular Lym...
Severe and chronic low back pain is often associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. While imposing a considerable socio-economic burden worldwide, IVD degeneration is also severely impacting on the quality of life of affected individual...
The process and evolution of an organ transplant procedure has evolved in terms of the prevention of immunological rejection with the improvement in the determination of immune response genes. These techniques include considering more important genes...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), poses several challenges to clinicians, due to its unpredictable clinical course. The identification of laboratory biomarkers, specif...
Plasmodium parasites are the causative agents of malaria and can infect humans and other vertebrates, impacting socioeconomic development and causing significant health issues globally. Plasmodium falciparum causes the most severe type of infection,...
Premature ageing of the placenta in pregnancy outcomes is associated with the persistent presence of oxidative stress and placental insufficiency reducing its functional capacity. In this study, we investigated cellular senescence phenotypes of pre-e...
Heavy metals are among the most persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants in marine ecosystems, posing significant toxicological threats to fish via complex molecular and cellular disruptions. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the cascade...
Surgical procedures alter tissue integrity; are associated with pain and activation of the sympathetic nervous system; and sometimes, cause exposure to foreign materials used during the surgery or implanted perioperatively [...]
Stoke is a prevalent and devastating neurologic condition with limited options for therapeutic management. Since brain tissue is rarely accessible clinically, peripheral biomarkers for the central nervous system’s (CNS’s) cellular respons...
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a mental disorder caused by exposure to traumatic stress, affects 5–10% of the world’s population. There is some evidence that PTSD is associated with accelerated cellular aging, leading to an increa...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by enduring airflow limitation and chronic inflammation. Growing evidence highlights mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical factor in COPD development a...
Rare cancers represent a substantial health burden, comprising 25% of cancer mortality. Early-phase oncology trials are essential for rare cancers, where limited patient numbers, biological heterogeneity, and the absence of established standards of c...
In the western world, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Survival is closely related to the stage of cancer at diagnosis striking the clinical need for biomarkers capable of early detection. To search for...
Lipids comprise a large group of chemically heterogeneous compounds. The majority have fatty acids (FA) as part of their structure, making these compounds suitable tools to examine processes raging from cellular to macroscopic levels of organization....
There is evidence in rodents to suggest that theacrine-based supplements modulate tissue sirtuin activity as well as other biological processes associated with aging. Herein, we examined if a theacrine-based supplement (termed NAD3) altered sirtuin a...
The eye, a complex organ essential for visual perception, is composed of diverse cell populations with specialized functions; however, the complex interplay between these cellular components and their underlying molecular mechanisms remains largely e...
The objective of this work was to demonstrate how the extraction method affects the reliability of biomarker detection and how this detection depends on the biomarker location within the cell compartment. Different extraction methods were used to stu...
Cellular senescence is a recently emerged research topic in modern biology. Often described as a double-edged sword, it encompasses numerous essential biological processes, including beneficial effects such as wound healing and embryonic development,...
Background: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) remains a significant cause of graft dysfunction after liver transplantation and requires timely detection. Liver biopsy, the diagnostic gold standard for ACR, is invasive and unsuitable for frequent monitor...
UICC stage IV small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy without curative treatment options. Several randomized trials have demonstrated improved survival rates through the addition of checkpoint inhibitors to first-line platin-b...
Gastric Cancer (GC) is characterized by remarkable biological heterogeneity, reflected by the continuous expansion of biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic relevance. However, most reviews organize these biomarkers accor...
Deltamethrin is responsible for health and reproduction problems both in mammals and aquatic organisms. In this study, zebrafish adults were exposed for 15 days to 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 μg L−1 non-lethal concentrations of deltamethrin, knowing...
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been well applied to assess genetic abnormalities in various biological samples to investigate disease mechanisms. With the advent of high-throughput and automatic testing platforms, NGS can identify radiation-sen...
Increasing epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Among these, oxidative stress has emerged as one of the most plausible li...
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a devastating complication after colorectal surgery, possibly due to the loss of stabilizing collagen fibers in the submucosa. Our aim was to assess the formation of collagen in the colon versus the rectum with or without...
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), affecting approximately 1 billion adults globally, is characterized by recurrent airway obstruction during sleep, leading to oxygen desaturation, elevated carbon dioxide levels, and disrupted sleep...
Background/Objectives: The aberrant expression and activation of HER family members is a known major oncogenic pathway for the proliferation, progression, and metastasis of a wide range of human malignancies. In this study, our aim was to examine the...
miRNAs are a class of over 5000 noncoding RNAs that regulate more than half of the protein-encoding genes by provoking their degradation or preventing their translation. miRNAs are key regulators of complex biological processes underlying several car...
Despite the reported prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in older adults, it is not yet established whether multivitamin/multimineral (MV/MM) supplements improve blood micronutrient status in individuals over the age of 65. Therefore, a cohort o...
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV into a manageable chronic disease. However, people living with HIV (PLWH) experience a 16-year reduction in comorbidity-free life expectancy compared to HIV-negative individuals, driven by pe...
Survival rates for children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) with cancer have markedly improved over recent decades, resulting in a rapidly growing population of long-term survivors. However, many of these individuals experience late and long-te...
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy situated in the posterolateral nasopharynx. NPC poses grave concerns in Southeast Asia due to its late diagnosis. Together with resistance to standard treatment combining chemo- and radiother...
Doxorubicin (DOX; Adricin) is an anthracycline antibiotic, which is an efficient anticancer chemotherapeutic agent that targets many types of adult and pediatric tumors, such as breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphomas. However, use of DOX is limited d...
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