Although forsterite (Mg2SiO4) possesses good biocompatibility and suitable mechanical properties, the insufficient bioactivity and degradability hinders its further application. In this study, a novel MgO-CaO-SiO2 system was developed by adding wolla...
Knowledge of the phase equilibria in the MgO–CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 slag system is crucial for the nickel laterite smelting process. The phase equilibria of this slag system were experimentally investigated, focusing on the olivine and trid...
With the raw materials for ironmaking becoming increasingly complex, more accurate phase equilibrium information on the slag is needed to refine the blast furnace operation to reduce the energy cost and CO2 emissions. CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO is a basic sy...
There is a high iron content in nickel slag that mainly exists in the fayalite phase. Basic oxide can destroy the stable structure of fayalite which is beneficial to the treatment and comprehensive utilization of nickel slag. The research was based o...
Ladle furnace (LF) refining is one of the most widely used secondary refining processes for producing clean steel and constitutes a key process in the steelmaking–continuous casting section. The properties of slag play a decisive role in determ...
Na2O is an alkaline oxide, which can significantly improve the dephosphorization ability of converter slag. The effect of Na2O on the dephosphorization of converter slag was analyzed with a high-temperature dephosphorization experiment in a MoSi2 res...
Activity models based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory have been widely used in the refining of metallurgical slags, with the SiO2 content of slag playing a crucial role in improving the mechanical properties of refining slag-based cementit...
The relationship between slag structure and viscosity is studied, employing Raman spectroscopy for the five-component slag system of MnO-SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO and its subsystems. This study aims to investigate the influence of variations in slag composi...
The recovery of critical elements in recycling processes of complex high-tech products is often limited when applying only mechanical separation methods. A possible route is the pyrometallurgical processing that allows transferring of important criti...
In order to reduce the amount of fluorite during the steelmaking process for environmental protection, it is essential to investigate the fluorine-free slag system. Thus, high-basicity CaO–SiO2–FeOx–MgO slag with B2O3 content from 0...
Boron oxide is introduced into slag as a flux, significantly lowering the liquidus temperature; however, this advantage is accompanied by several undesirable consequences. This study aims to evaluate the impact of boron oxide addition on the wetting...
In order to achieve the purpose of high-efficiency dephosphorization by single-slag method during the combined blown converter steelmaking process, the CaO-SiO2-FetO-MgO-MnO-P2O5 slag system was taken as the research object, and the slag-forming rout...
More and larger blast furnaces have been constructed for ironmaking across the world in recent years due to the advantages of high productivity, high energy efficiency and low cost. Slag plays important role in a blast furnace to produce high-quality...
To improve the yield of titanium alloy, a certain amount of TiO2 can be added to the refining slag system of Ti-bearing steel grades. With the aim of understanding the effect of TiO2 addition on the melting behaviors of CaO-SiO2-30%Al2O3-5%MgO refini...
In the present study, the viscosity of the CaO–SiO2–FeO–Al2O3–MgO slag system was measured for the recovery of FeO in the electric arc furnace (EAF) process using Al dross. Considering the MgO-saturated operational condition of the EAF, the viscosity...
Magnesium-based ceramics are involved in orthopedic applications such as bone scaffolds or implant coatings. They provide structural support to cells for bone ingrowth, but highly porous matrices cannot resist severe mechanical stress during implanta...
Bioactive sol-gel glasses are attractive biomaterials from both technological and functional viewpoints as they require lower processing temperatures compared to their melt-derived counterparts and exhibit a high specific surface area due to inherent...
Pyrometallurgy is the primary technique for the production of many nonferrous metals such as copper, lead, and zinc. The phase equilibrium information of smelting slags plays an important role in the efficient extraction of metals and energy consumpt...
To evaluate the crystallization behavior of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag-based glass ceramics, SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-TiO2 systems with various TiO2 were investigated. The crystallization process and mechanical properties were analyzed. The results show...
Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) are widely recognized for their ability to bond to hard tissue, while the ions released from the BG structure enhance specific cellular pathways. In this study, the SiO2-P2O5-CaO-MgO-ZnO system was use...
The viscosity and conductivity of the smelting slag of copper oxide concentrate are important for reducing the operating temperature. In this study, seven slag samples were prepared by the reductive smelting of copper oxide concentrate with different...
Alkaline earth metal oxide (MgO, CaO, SrO) catalysts supported on BEA zeolite were prepared by a wet impregnation method and tested in the transesterification reaction of rapeseed oil with methanol towards the formation of biodiesel (FAMEs—fatt...
The foaming process is an important part of the electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process. It can promote thermal efficiency and reduce refractory consumption. FeO is a key material used during the foaming process. Unlike with other components u...
The crystallization behavior of the bioactive silicate glass “1d” was analyzed using non-isothermal conditions through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The plots carried out at different heating rates showed only one crystallizati...
The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of the addition of strontium oxide on the recrystallization of zirconium silicate when adding strontium oxide to the glaze composition. Zirconia glazes (four different contents) were prepared, to...
Due to the increasing demand for electromobility, the recovery of technologically relevant elements from spent Li-ion batteries is becoming increasingly important. Pyrometallurgical processing can deal with a broad range of input materials. Unfortuna...
In this study, CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2 slag was used as the research object to simulate the blast furnace ironmaking process. Based on the experimental data, the influences of basicity (R(w(CaO)/w(SiO2))) and the magnesia–alumina ratio (w(MgO)/...
Removal of non-metallic inclusions to CaF2-based slag is one of the most important functions of electroslag remelting. In this work, the dissolution behavior for alumina-based inclusions in CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 slag has been investigated. Results...
The elimination of inclusions in steelmaking processes has been widely studied. The removal of inclusions by slags containing the rare earth oxide Ce2O3 are studied using an integrated numerical model. The integrated model involves the inclusion moti...
Glasses and devitrificates from the SiO2–B2O3–P2O5–K2O–CaO–MgO system with constant contents of SiO2 and P2O5 network formers, modified by the addition of B2O3, were analyzed. All materials were synthesized by the tradit...
Powders with phase composition including quasi-amorphous phases and calcium carbonate CaCO3 in the form of calcite or aragonite and sodium halite NaCl as a reaction by-product were synthesized from 0.5M aqua solutions of sodium silicate and 0.5M aqua...
In order to reduce the content of harmful impurity sulfur elements in steel to meet the quality requirements of high value-added steel, efficient desulfurization of RH vacuum degassing is essential. Based on the simplex lattice composition design met...
In order to clarify the mechanism for the increase in oxygen content during electroslag remelting, this paper analyzes in detail the effect of slag components on the gas content and number, size and composition of inclusions in electroslag ingots. Th...
The role of silica in the chlorination–volatilization of cobalt oxide, using calcium chloride, is investigated in this paper. It is found that the Co volatilization percentage of the CoO–Fe2O3–CaCl2 system is not larger than 12.1%....
A new molecular theory of slag suggests that complex oxides in the phase diagram are also present in liquid slag. In contrast to the ion‒molecule coexistence theory, basic oxides (CaO, MgO, MnO, FeO, etc.) in slag are considered to agglomerate...
In order to investigate the causes of the large number of cracks and porosities formed in 33MnCrTiB fork flat steel produced by a special steel plant, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis, and large sample...
Ceramics, as a handicraft, is the crystallization of art and science. In order to study the firing process of ceramics, improve their density, mechanical properties, viscosity, and surface tension, and enhance the surface quality of the shaft, this a...
SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO is the main type of refining slag in a ladle furnace. Here the effects of the CaO/Al2O3 mass ratio on the structural properties of the refining slag system are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The pair distribution functi...
Yellow phosphorus slag (YPS) is a typical industrial solid waste, while it contains abundant silicon micronutrient required for the growth of rice. The key scientific problem to use the YPS as rice fertilizer is how to activate the slag efficiently d...
Slag compositions are significant for the viscosity of blast furnace slag. An improved Urbain model (IUM) was proposed by introducing R5 ((X(CaO) + X(MgO) + 2X(TiO2))/(2X(SiO2) + 3X(Al2O3))) and N (X(MgO)/3X(Al2O3)) as the model parameters. By compar...
For optimizing the operational efficiency and productivity within blast furnace processes, a profound understanding of the viscous flow characteristics of CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–B2O3 slag systems is of paramount importance. In thi...
The slags generated in the conventional copper conversion process are mainly composed of Cu2O–Fe2O3–SiO2 with CaO, Al2O3, and MgO compounds—in concentrations up to 10 wt %. The present work contributes to the knowledge of the conversion process, gene...
This research provides fundamental insight into the roles of MgO and Al2O3 on the viscous and structural behaviors of CaO−SiO2−MgO−Al2O3−10 mass% TiO2−5 mass% FeO (CaO/SiO2 = 1.3) system primary blast furnace slag. The s...
In this study, the surface tension of molten slag was measured using the hanging ring method. Based on the ion and molecular coexistence theory (IMCT), an activity prediction model for the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2 slag system was established, and a co...
This paper investigated the effect of Pr6O11 addition on the acid resistance of ceramic proppant. Acid resistance of proppants can be improved by introducing Pr6O11 into the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 (ACMS) system. To illustrate and explain the mechanism of...
High-performance MgO-CaO-Fe2O3 clinker was prepared using magnesite from Xinjiang (with high calcium and low silica), calcium oxide, and ferric oxide as raw materials. Microstructural analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, combined with HSC chemist...
Al2O3, Al2O3·TiN, Al2O3·MgO, and CaO·2Al2O3 are four different types of inclusions in high Al steels. To improve the steel cleanness level, the effective removal of such inclusions during secondary refining is very important, so these inclusions shou...
In blast furnaces it is desirable for the burden to hold a lumpy packed structure at as high a temperature as possible. The computational thermodynamic software FactSage (version 7.2, Thermfact/CRCT, Montreal, Canada and GTT-Technologies, Aachen, Ger...
In some applications, deep desulfurization and deoxidation of steels without the use of aluminum are required, using Si as a deoxidant instead, with double-saturated slags in the CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MgO system. This work studied the desulfurization and non...
The physical and chemical properties of the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO slag system depend on structure evolution caused by the synergistic mechanism among the components at high temperature, especially the structural complexity of the anion...
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