The article presents selected problems related to an analysis of damage to wind turbine planetary gear. It is the most vital element installed in wind turbines, affecting the operational costs (prolonged downtime), and costs of repairs and servicing...
Due to complex environmental factors, the gear transmission systems of wind turbines are continuously affected by large torque load excitation with periodic and random properties. This paper shares the load-sharing and dynamic characteristics of a he...
A novel method is proposed to investigate the pattern of variation in the residual strength and reliability of wind turbine gear. First, the interaction between loads and the effect of the loading sequence is considered based on the fatigue damage ac...
Oxidative degradation stands as the principal cause of gear oil failure and transmission system malfunctions in wind turbines. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) offers a novel technical avenue for the condition monitoring of gear oil. This...
In recent years, the trend towards larger wind turbines and higher power densities has led to increasing demands on planet gear bearings. The use of sliding bearings instead of rolling bearings in planetary bearings makes it possible to increase the...
The application of sliding planet gear bearings in wind turbine gearboxes has become more common in recent years. Assuming practically applied helix angles, the gear mesh of the planet stage causes high force and moment loads for these bearings invol...
The use of planetary gear stages intends to increase power density in drive trains of rotating machinery. Due to lightweight requirements on this type of machine elements, structures are comparably flexible while mechanical loads are high. This study...
To meet the demands for real-time and accurate fault warning of wind turbine gear transmission systems, this study proposes an innovative intelligent warning method based on the integration of digital twin and multi-source data fusion. A digital twin...
As one of the most vital energy conversation systems, the safe operation of wind turbines is very important; however, weak fault and time-varying speed may challenge the conventional monitoring strategies. Thus, an entropy-aided meshing-order modulat...
Gear contact fatigue has becoming a bottleneck restricting the safety and reliability of wind turbine transmission systems. Tooth interior fatigue fracture (TIFF) failure is commonly observed in case-hardened wind turbine gears. In this work, a conta...
Crowning is applied to wind turbine gears, including spur gears, to ensure adequate stress distribution and contact localization in wind turbine main gearbox gears to improve the gear performance in the presence of misalignments. Each gear tooth is c...
Magnetic gear mechanisms have advanced to have a promising future in transmission technology. Previous research indicates that magnetic gear mechanisms might replace mechanical gear mechanisms in some applications. Small-scale wind turbines (SWT) wit...
Accurate reliability assessment of wind turbine gears is important for reducing maintenance costs and improving the sustainability of wind turbine gearbox operation. This study proposes a reliability modeling framework centered on shock–degrada...
A novel Vernier type magnetically geared direct-drive generator for large wind turbines is introduced in this paper. Conventional Vernier-type machines and most of the direct-drive wind turbine generators use excessive amount of permanent magnet, whi...
Offshore wind-turbine gearboxes operate under continuously varying speeds, while incipient planetary-gear fault signatures are weak, modulated, and difficult to recover without a tachometer. This study presents a tachometer-free framework that separa...
Aiming at the problems of the traditional planetary gear fault diagnosis method of wind turbines, such as the poor timeliness of data transmission, weak visualization effect of state monitoring, and untimely feedback of fault information, this paper...
The fast and accurate detection of wind turbine gearbox surface defects is crucial for wind turbine maintenance and power security. However, owing to the uneven distribution of gear surface defects and the interference of complex backgrounds, there a...
As the core component of the wind turbine generation gearbox, the gear-rotor-bearing transmission system typically operates in harsh environments, inevitably leading to the occurrence of composite faults in the system, which exacerbates system vibrat...
A complex nonlinear model for a single-mesh helical gear train is developed by including a time-varying mesh stiffness, axial vibrations, torsional vibrations, shaft and bearing damping, generator back EMF (Electromotive Force) and gear backlashes. W...
Helical gear transmissions in wind turbine gearboxes operate under high torque, variable speed, and complex rolling–sliding contact conditions, where friction-induced wear evolves in a spatially non-uniform manner. However, most existing dynami...
Gearboxes are critical mechanical components in various modern constructions, including wind turbines, making their real-time monitoring and the prevention of major failures essential. Machine learning (ML) offers a precise and robust method for earl...
The gearbox is one of the most expensive components of the wind turbine system. In order to refine the design and hence increase the long-term reliability, there has been increasing interest in utilizing time domain simulations in the prediction of g...
Wind power is increasingly seen as a global, sustainable, and eco-friendly energy option. However, one significant obstacle to further wind energy investment is the high failure rate of wind turbines. The gearbox plays a pivotal role in turbine perfo...
Vibrations occur in the wind turbine drivetrain due to the drivetrain’s elasticity and gear clearance. Typically, the PID control method is used to suppress elastic vibration, while the method with the disturbance suppression function is used t...
In order to study the force and life of the key components in the gearbox of an existing double-rotor wind turbine, the design and structural parameters of the gearbox in the traditional National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW single-rotor w...
Quantifying wind turbine (WT) gearbox fatigue life is a critical problem for preventive maintenance when unsolved. This paper proposes a practical approach that uses ten minutes’ average wind speed of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)...
A parallel planetary gear train design is proposed to construct the wind turbine system that has double inputs and one output. The proposed system is flexible for the application, which may use a combination of two rotors, as used for horizontal axis...
Planetary gearboxes have been employed in various applications due to their advantages of maintaining a high speed-reduction ratio, such as in wind power applications which have now become a prevailing green energy resource. A traditional power trans...
Producing reliable gear systems for wind turbines involves accounting for multiple uncertain parameters. To ensure operational vibrations remain controlled, it is essential to analyze the system’s sensitivity to these uncertainties. This study...
This paper studies the dynamic response of a wind turbine gearbox under different excitation conditions. The proposed 4 degree-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic model takes into account the key factors such as the time-varying mesh stiffness, bearing stiffnes...
Failure prediction of wind turbine gearboxes (WTGs) is especially important since the maintenance of these components is not only costly but also causes the longest downtime. One of the most common causes of the premature fault of WTGs is attributed...
Early detection of faults in wind energy systems can reduce downtime, operating, and maintenance costs while increasing productivity. This paper proposes a method based on the analysis of generator stator current signals to detect faults in a wind tu...
Torsional systems with gear pairs such as the gearbox of wind turbines or vehicle driveline systems inherently show impact phenomena due to clearance-type nonlinearities when the system experiences sinusoidal excitation. This research investigates th...
The wind industry is looking for ways to accurately predict reliability and availability of newly installed wind turbines. Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is a technique utilized to determine the critical subsystems of wind tu...
To increase the power density of the electromechanical drive train of wind turbines, journal bearings can be used as planetary gear bearings instead of rolling bearings. This technological change presents new challenges. For example, wind turbine dri...
The planetary bearing looseness fault can cause the planetary gear train to fail. Conventional modeling methods do not consider complex component-coupling relationships for fault feature analysis. As a result, a joint model is developed to examine th...
This paper presents a literature review on magnetic gears, highlighting the advantages of using these technologies for mechanical power transmission applications in wind energy conversion systems and transportation, such as in electric vehicles. Magn...
This article discusses the construction of a dynamic model for controlling the position of the blades of a vertical-axis wind generator using an automatic approach; a method is presented that relates the rotation of the motor to the position of the b...
In response to the problem that the gears for offshore wind power are prone to cyclic stress and pitting damage under specific conditions, a finite element analysis method was adopted to establish numerical models for the distribution of cyclic stres...
The failure of wind turbines is a multi-faceted problem and its monetary impact is often unpredictable. In this study, we present a novel application of survival analysis on wind turbine reliability, including accounting for previous failures and the...
This paper presents a vibration analysis method for detecting typical faults in gears of the drive train of a 2 MW wind turbine. The data were collected over a one-year period from an operating wind turbine with a gearbox composed of one planetary st...
The wind turbine drivetrain suffers significant impact loads that severely affect the reliability and safety of wind turbines. Bearings and gears within the drivetrain are critical components with high repair costs and lengthy downtime. To realistica...
The wind turbine gearbox, used as a multiplier, is one of the main components directly related to a wind turbine’s efficiency and lifespan. Therefore, strict control of the gearbox and its manufacturing processes and even minor improvements in...
Wind turbine gearboxes operate in harsh environments; therefore, the resulting gear vibration signal has characteristics of strong nonlinearity, is non-stationary, and has a low signal-to-noise ratio, which indicates that it is difficult to identify...
Condition monitoring of gear-based mechanical systems in non-stationary operation conditions is in general very challenging. This issue is particularly important for wind energy technology because most of the modern wind turbines are geared and gearb...
This paper introduces a novel pitch adjustment device applicable to small wind turbines. To validate its feasibility under high wind speeds and analyze the impact of pitch angle on the power output characteristics of small wind turbines, a prototype...
Wind turbines usually operate under nonstationary conditions, such as wide-range speed fluctuation and time-varying load. Its critical component, the planetary gearbox, is prone to malfunction or failure, which leads to downtime and repair costs. The...
Wind energy is an alternative energy generation from non-renewable energy resources. The turbine is used to exploit wind energy. Different components of a wind turbine necessitate different materials and metals. There is a dependency of the materials...
This paper investigates the utilization of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the proactive identification of gearbox failures in wind turbines, boosting the use of operational SCADA data for predictive analysis. Avoiding gearbox failures, which c...
As wind turbine power requirements have evolved from the order of kilowatts (kWs) to the order of several megawatts (MWs), wind turbine components have been subjected to more demanding and critical operating conditions. The wind turbine must cope wit...
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