The monsoon and tropical cyclone (TC) are principal components of global climate variability. The relationship between the monsoon intensity and the TC genesis frequency (TCGF) in different major monsoon regions has not been fully studied. Here, we c...
This study identified the causes of the nonoccurrence of tropical cyclones (TCs) in August 2014 by examining large-scale environments. First, over the previous 30 years, the TC genesis frequency in August showed an overall statistically significant d...
Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages preserved in deep-sea sediments provide valuable information on assemblage composition, diversity, and upper-ocean habitat structure. However, baseline assemblage data from remote high-seas regions of the western...
The geographical response of western North Pacific subtropical high (SH) to environmental conditions such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global warming has been one of the main concerns with respect to extreme events induced by...
The trend of tropical-cyclone (TC) translation speed is a hot topic recently. Changes in TC translation speed during 1949–2017 over the western North Pacific are analyzed using two best-track datasets here. The TC translation speed decreased du...
To analyze the dependence of intensification rates of tropical cyclones (TCs) on the variation of environmental conditions, an index is proposed here to measure the lifetime maximum intensification rates (LMIRs) for the Saffir–Simpson scale category...
Three deep-sea tardigrade species were identified from the sediment samples collected during the four German–Russian joint deep-sea cruises that were conducted in the North-Western Pacific: Coronarctus sonne sp. nov., Moebjergarctus okhotensis...
To estimate dry deposition flux of atmospheric water-soluble nitrogen (N), including ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), and water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON), aerosol samples were collected over the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean in th...
Typhoons are known for causing heavy precipitation, very strong winds, and storm surges. With climate change, the occurrence, strength, and duration of typhoons are changing. Daily, weekly, and monthly precipitation from in situ stations from the NOA...
The concept of rapid growth (RG) of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the north Atlantic basin was recently proposed. RG can represent a dangerous change in TC structure because it can rapidly ramp up the TC destructive potential. However, the nature of RG...
Interdecadal change in the relationship between the winter Siberian high (SH) and tropical cyclone genesis frequency (TCGF) is investigated using observational and reanalysis data. Focus is on the Western North Pacific (WNP) where environmental backg...
As the most significant interannual signal in the tropical Pacific, the influence of ENSO on the interannual variability in TC genesis location in the western North Pacific (WNP) has received much attention in previous studies. This paper mainly emph...
Tropical cyclone (TC) translation speed often affects the time of strong wind attacks and precipitation accumulation in the areas that TCs pass through. Therefore, the trend of TC translation speed has important implications for TC-related risks in t...
Tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies have successfully been used as climate proxies to infer climate variabilities over the past hundreds to thousands of years worldwide beyond observational records. However, these data are scarce over parts of subtrop...
Previous studies suggested that spring precipitation over the tropical western Pacific Ocean can influence the development of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To identify crucial precipitation patterns for post-spring ENSO evolution,...
In November 2019, tropical cyclone (TC) frequency over the western North Pacific reached its record high. In this study, the possible causes and formation mechanisms of that record high TC frequency are investigated by analyzing the effect of large-s...
We present a review of in situ observations regarding the interactions between tropical cyclones and the ocean in the western North Pacific for the year 2023. A total of at least 13 tropical cyclones occurred during this period. According to the Japa...
Tropical Cyclones (TCs) are the most severe natural disasters in the Western North Pacific Ocean (WNP). While previous studies reported evident changes over certain regions or seasons between typical periods, there is a lack of a complete picture of...
In this study, the climatological precipitation increase from July to August over the western North Pacific (WNP) region was investigated through observations and simulations in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), atmospheric m...
The North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) is an eastward zonal current closely related to an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. This paper investigated the variations of NECC in the Western Pacific Ocean over 25 years (1993–2017) using satel...
Atmospheric deposition of long-range transported continental substances from natural and anthropogenic sources affects biogeochemical processes in marine systems. Emissions of sea spray contribute aerosol particles to the marine atmosphere. Despite t...
Tropical cloud clusters (TCCs) are embryos of tropical cyclones (TCs) and may have the potential to develop into TCs. The genesis productivity (GP) of TCCs is used to quantify the proportion of TCCs that can evolve into TCs. Recent studies have revea...
In this study, the Sr isotope ratios (IRs; 87Sr/86Sr) of ferromanganese (Fe–Mn) crusts are analyzed through laser ablation inductively coupled plasma multiple-collector mass spectrometry. A sample collected from off Minamitorishima Island showed unif...
This study investigated the dynamic and thermal responses of cyclonic eddies (CEs) to Typhoon Surigae in the western North Pacific Ocean using satellite data and a coupled ocean–atmosphere model. Observations and simulations revealed that the t...
Tropical cyclone (TC) genesis prediction remains a major operational challenge. Using multiple satellite datasets and a state-of-the-art reanalysis dataset, this study identifies developing and non-developing tropical disturbances over the western No...
Coastal cities in China are frequently hit by tropical cyclones (TCs), which result in tremendous loss of life and property. Even though the capability of numerical weather prediction models to forecast and track TCs has considerably improved in rece...
Although previous studies composited response of sea surface temperature (SST) to typhoon sea surface wind (SSW) forcing around typhoon center, how SST responded spatiotemporally along the typhoon track over the ocean remains unclear. Through Empiric...
For decades, the western North Pacific (WNP) has been commonly indicated as a region with high vulnerability to oceanic and atmospheric hazards. This phenomenon can be observed through general circulation model (GCM) output from the Coupled Model Int...
This study applied the database for Policy Decision making for Future climate change (d4PDF) and tropical cyclone (TC) genesis (TCG) environment factors to project future changes in the frequency and characteristics of TCs over the western North Paci...
Ferromanganese nodule nuclei are considered crucial to the formation and distribution of nodules. However, because it is difficult and time-consuming to study ferromanganese nodule nuclei, few studies have been performed, despite the large number of...
We developed a biogeochemical and carbon model (JCOPE_EC) coupled with an operational ocean model for the North Western Pacific. JCOPE_EC represents ocean acidification indices on the background of the risks due to ocean acidification and our model e...
The possible role of air–sea latent heat flux (LHF) in tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP) is investigated using state-of-the-art satellite and analysis datasets. The authors conducted composite analyses of severa...
Sea surface temperature (SST) responses have been perceived as crucial to consequential tropical cyclone (TC) intensity development. In addition to regular cooling responses, a few TCs could cause extreme SST drops (ESSTDs) (e.g., SST drops more than...
Tropical cyclones (TCs) induce intense mixing in the upper ocean, which significantly impacts sea surface temperature (SST) and marine environment. Previous studies have shown that TCs can cause a decrease in sea surface temperature (DSST), while fur...
Deep-sea sediments with total rare-earth elements and yttrium (ΣREY) concentrations exceeding 400 ppm, which are termed REY-rich mud, are widely distributed in the world oceans. Specifically, deep-sea sediments within the Japanese exclusive eco...
Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity estimation over the western North Pacific remains affected by uncertainties in satellite observations, best-track records, and rapidly evolving inner-core structures. To further exploit information on cloud-system vert...
Tropical cyclone (TC) size is an important parameter for estimating TC risks, such as precipitation distribution, gale-force wind damage, and storm surge. This paper uses the TC size dataset compiled by the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteoro...
To examine skipjack tuna’s habitat utilization in the western North Pacific (WNP) we used an ensemble modelling approach, which applied a fisher- derived presence-only dataset and three satellite remote-sensing predictor variables. The skipjack...
In this study, the general impact of high-resolution moving nesting domains on tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and track forecasts was verified, for a total of 107 forecast cases of 33 TCs, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The...
This paper presents a development of a statistical model of typhoon genesis, tracks based on kernel density estimation and a generalized additive model (GAM). Modeling of typhoon activity is ultimately beneficial to the people living in coastal zones...
An examination of the technical and economic feasibility of the combined mining of the rare-earth element-rich mud (REE-rich mud) and ferromanganese nodules (FN) around Minamitorishima (Marcus) Island in Northwest Pacific is introduced. A previous st...
The South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon (SCSSM) and Western North Pacific tropical cyclones (TCs) are both tropical systems that interact with each other on multiple scales. This study examines the differences in TCs activity characteristics between...
Carbonaceous aerosol particles emitted from biomass burning (BB) have a large impact on the global climate. In particular, tarball particles (TBs), which are spherical organic aerosol particles, account for a large proportion of aerosol particles fro...
Micro-computed tomography (
An improved understanding of the environmental factors influencing tropical cyclones (TCs) is vital to enhance the accuracy of forecasting TC intensity. More than half of TCs that were substantially affected by environmental factors were predominantl...
Oceanic fronts involved by ocean currents led to strong gradients of temperature, density and salinity, which have significant effects on underwater sound propagation. This paper focuses on the impact of the oceanic front on three-dimensional underwa...
This work investigates the inter-model diversity of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation’s (PDO) impact on tropical cyclone frequency (TCF) over the Western North Pacific (WNP) from the historical simulation of twenty-two Coupled Model Intercomparis...
The National Typhoon Center of the Korea Meteorological Administration developed a statistical–dynamical typhoon intensity prediction model for the western North Pacific, the CSTIPS-DAT, using a track-pattern clustering technique. The model led to si...
Comprehensive understanding of the spatial characteristics of tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation is essential for effective socioeconomic planning and scientific research. The present study examines the spatial asymmetry in TC precipitation over the...
Based on the large volume of observational data obtained from Argo and several satellites, an increasing number of datasets are being developed and applied to oceanographic research. However, there are still problems such as sparse subsurface observa...
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