Entomological radars employing the ‘ZLC’ (zenith-pointing linear-polarized narrow-angle conical scan) configuration detect individual insects flying overhead and can retrieve information about a target’s trajectory (its direction an...
Compounds with multitarget activity are of high interest for polypharmacological drug discovery. Such promiscuous compounds might be active against closely related target proteins from the same family or against distantly related or unrelated targets...
The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) target recognition model usually needs to be retrained with all the samples when there are new-coming samples of new targets. Incremental learning emerges to continuously obtain new knowledge from new data while pre...
In practical Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications, new-class objects can appear at any time as the rapid accumulation of large-scale and high-quantity SAR imagery and are usually supported by limited instances in most cooperative scenarios. He...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target discrimination is an important stage that distinguishes targets from clutters in the radar automatic target recognition field. However, in complex SAR scenes, the performance of some traditional discriminators wi...
Current synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR ATR) tasks face challenges including limited training samples and poor generalization capability to novel classes. To address these issues, few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL)...
To address the decline in insulation fault localization accuracy of urban rail DC traction return systems under varying operating conditions and missing target-domain classes, this study proposes a two-stage multi-source unilateral alignment network...
Sea surface target detection is a key stage in a typical target detection system and directly influences the performance of the whole system. As an effective discriminator, the one-class support vector machine (OCSVM) has been widely used in target d...
This paper proposes an underwater-acoustic class-incremental few-shot learning (UACIL) method for streaming data processing in practical underwater-acoustic target recognition scenarios. The core objective is to expand classification capabilities for...
3D similarity is useful in predicting the profiles of unprecedented molecular frameworks that are 2D dissimilar to known compounds. When comparing pairs of compounds, 3D similarity of the pairs depends on conformational sampling, the alignment method...
Even though deep learning (DL) has achieved excellent results on some public data sets for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition(ATR), several problems exist at present. One is the lack of transparency and interpretability for m...
mmWave radars play a vital role in autonomous systems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), ground station control and monitoring systems. The challenging task when using mmWave radars is to estimate the accurate...
In underwater target recognition scenarios, challenges arise as a result of the limited representational capability of acoustic images with single time-frequency features and poor recognition performance due to class imbalances in sample numbers. To...
Class incremental learning with sonar images introduces a new dimension to underwater target recognition. Directly applying networks designed for optical images to our constructed sonar image dataset (SonarImage20) results in significant catastrophic...
Hyperspectral camouflaged target detection is challenging because target and background spectra are highly coupled, positive pixels are extremely scarce, and scene-dependent spectral variation limits cross-dataset robustness. Existing detectors often...
Methods that combine targeted techniques and chemometrics for analyzing food authenticity can only facilitate the detection of predefined or known adulterants, while unknown adulterants cannot be detected using such methods. Therefore, the non-target...
The prediction of drug-target interactions (DTIs) is a vital step in drug discovery. The success of machine learning and deep learning methods in accurately predicting DTIs plays a huge role in drug discovery. However, when dealing with learning algo...
Meta-DETR is a few-shot target detection algorithm that combines meta-learning and transformer architecture to solve the problem of data sample scarcity. This algorithm uses deformable attention to focus feature learning process more accurately on th...
Background: Aminopeptidase N (CD13) is present on tumor vasculature cells and some tumor cells. Truncated tissue factor (tTF) with a C-terminal NGR-peptide (tTF-NGR) binds to CD13 and causes tumor vascular thrombosis with infarction. Methods: We trea...
Patrol missiles are a common type of unmanned aerial vehicle, which can be efficiently used for reconnaissance and sensing. In this work, target detection and the damage assessment of typical mobile ground targets by patrol missiles are studied, and...
Camptothecin-class compounds are anticancer active ingredients extracted from the Chinese unique medicinal plant, Camptotheca acuminata. They have been widely applied in the treatment of various cancers due to their high efficacy and broad-spectrum a...
Infrared multi-class small-target detection is challenging because targets occupy few pixels, exhibit weak texture, and are easily confused with background clutter. We present RADFRNet, a YOLOv11-n-based detector designed to address two forms of info...
Coal phase-out regions concentrate the distributional risks of the energy transition, yet the tools used to identify energy-poor households in these territories still rely mainly on income and welfare criteria. This study asks whether such criteria c...
The discovery and development of first-in-class (FIC) drugs are becoming increasingly important due to increasing reimbursement pressure and personalized medication. To investigate the technological trends and origin of FIC drugs, the FIC drugs appro...
Filarial worms cause multiple debilitating diseases in millions of people worldwide, including river blindness. Currently available drugs reduce transmission by killing larvae (microfilariae), but there are no effective cures targeting the adult para...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image interpretation has long been an important but challenging task in SAR imaging processing. Generally, SAR image interpretation comprises complex procedures including filtering, feature extraction, image segmentatio...
Chromatin structure and function, and consequently cellular phenotype, is regulated in part by a network of chromatin-modifying enzymes that place post-translational modifications (PTMs) on histone tails. These marks serve as recruitment sites for ot...
Early differentiation of neurodegenerative movement disorders remains challenging because of overlapping cognitive-behavioral profiles. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a widely used 30-point screening instrument; however, the extent to wh...
The incorporation of novel agents in recent treatments in multiple myeloma (MM) has improved the clinical outcome of patients. Specifically, the approval of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against CD38 (daratumumab) and SLAMF7 (elotuzumab) in relapsed and...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have successfully achieved high accuracy in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition; however, the intransparency of CNNs is still a limiting or even disqualifying factor. Therefore, visually interpreting...
Reducing the immunogenicity of animal-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for use in humans is critical to maximize therapeutic effectiveness and preclude potential adverse events. While traditional humanization methods have primarily focused on gra...
Most logit-based knowledge distillation methods transfer soft labels from the teacher model to the student model via Kullback–Leibler divergence based on softmax, an exponential normalization function. However, this exponential nature of softma...
Aiming at multiple quantities and types of targets, multi-class multi-target tracking usually faces not only cardinality errors, but also mis-classification problems. Considering its performance evaluation, the traditional optimal subpattern assignme...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) plays a pivotal role in SAR image interpretation. While existing approaches predominantly rely on batch learning paradigms, their practical deployment is constrained by the sequential...
Current synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithms primarily operate under the closed-set assumption, implying that all target classes have been previously learned during the training phase. However, in open scenario...
Conotoxins are small and highly potent neurotoxic peptides derived from the venom of marine cone snails which have captured the interest of the scientific community due to their pharmacological potential. These toxins display significant sequence and...
23 November 2023
In this paper, we present a comparative study of modern semantic segmentation loss functions and their resultant impact when applied with state-of-the-art off-road datasets. Class imbalance, inherent in these datasets, presents a significant challeng...
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is the most frequent subtype of uterine sarcoma that presents a poor prognosis, high rates of recurrence, and metastasis. Currently, the molecular mechanism of the origin and development of uLMS is unknown. Class I histo...
Nuclear reactions between protons and boron-11 nuclei (p–B fusion) that were used to yield energetic α-particles were initiated in a plasma that was generated by the interaction between a PW-class laser operating at relativistic intensiti...
The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria represents a substantial health threat. Current antibiotics act on a few metabolic pathways, facilitating resistance. Consequently, novel regulatory inhibition mechanisms are necessary. Riboswitches represe...
Dysregulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is associated with the pathogenesis of human osteosarcoma, which may present an epigenetic vulnerability as well as a therapeutic target. Domatinostat (4SC-202) is a next-generation class I HDAC inhibitor...
In practical applications of deep learning-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) systems, new target categories emerge continuously. This requires the systems to learn incrementally—acquiring new knowledge whil...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are in general characterized by higher resistance to cell death and cancer therapies than non-stem differentiated cancer cells. However, we and others have recently revealed using glioma stem cells (GSCs) as a model that, une...
Over the years, the development of targeted medicines has made significant achievements. As a typical example, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) inhibitors have become important chemotherapy drugs for a variety of cancers. However, the effectiveness of...
Rapid detection of the new class of hypersonic targets (HTs) presenting unknown military threats in space-based surveillance will guarantee aerospace security. This paper proposes an unsupervised subclass definition and an efficient isolation forest...
The worldwide spread of β-lactamases able to hydrolyze last resort carbapenems contributes to the antibiotic resistance problem and menaces the successful antimicrobial treatment of clinically relevant pathogens. Class A carbapenemases include m...
Open-set synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition must not only classify familiar targets accurately, but also reject target categories that are absent from training. This task is particularly challenging because aspect-dependent s...
Recent years have witnessed an ever-mounting interest in the research of sparse representation. The framework, Sparse Representation-based Classification (SRC), has been widely applied as a classifier in numerous domains, among which Synthetic Apertu...
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) enzymes, producing signaling phosphoinositides at plasma and intracellular membranes, are key in intracellular signaling and vesicular trafficking pathways. PI3K is a family of eight enzymes divided into three cla...
Viral fusion proteins are indispensable mediators of viral entry that orchestrate the fusion of viral and host membranes, making them primary targets for antiviral interventions. Class I fusion proteins, displayed on the surface of enveloped viruses...
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