Tar in the product gas of biomass gasifiers reduces the efficiency of gasification processes and causes fouling of system components and pipework. Therefore, an efficient tar conversion in the product gas is a key step of effective and reliable synga...
In this study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was constructed and validated against experimental data. The oxygen injection methods—specifically the primary air flow and secondary air flow—were investigated. T...
Biomass gasification has yet to obtain industrial acceptance. The high residual tar concentrations in syngas prevent any ambitious utilization. In this paper a novel gas purification technology based on catalytic hydrocracking is introduced, whereby...
H2 production can be used as a clean and renewable energy source for various applications, including fuel cells, internal combustion engines, and chemical production. Using nickel-based catalysts for steam reforming biomass tar presents challenges re...
Warm plasma techniques are considered a promising method of tar removal in biomass-derived syngas. The fate of another problematic syngas impurity—hydrogen sulfide—is studied in this work. It is revealed that processing simulated syngas with a microw...
Waste biomass gasification can contribute to the production of alternative and environmentally sustainable green fuels. Research at the CREC–UWO (Chemical Reactor Engineering Center–University of Western Ontario) considers an integrated g...
This paper demonstrates an RF thermal plasma pyrolysis reaction apparatus that achieves 89 wt.% reaction conversion yield with no tar content. The demonstrated experimental apparatus consists of a 1100 W RFVII Inc. (104 Church St, Newfield, NJ 08344,...
This work deals with the catalytic steam reforming of raw syngas to increase the efficiency of coupling gasification with downstream processes (such as fuel cells and catalytic chemical syntheses) by producing high-temperature, ready-to-use syngas wi...
Tar removal from gasification gases is a determinant step to guarantee the operational feasibility of gasification-to-chemicals/energy systems. However, this is a very complex process requiring catalytic materials to proceed under reasonably low temp...
The present study deals with the development, characterization, and performance of a Ni-based catalyst over a ceria-doped alumina support as a post-gasification step, in the conversion of biomass-derived tars. The catalysts were prepared using the in...
Agricultural residues are increasingly used as feedstocks for renewable heat and power generation, but their thermochemical conversion also produces secondary fractions that are often treated as problematic wastes. Condensates, tars, aqueous phases,...
Tar removal from gasification gases is a determinant step to guarantee the operational feasibility of gasification-to-chemicals/energy systems. This study aimed to develop novel carbon-supported catalysts for the elimination of tarry aromatics (tolue...
This work concerns the activities of the European project BLAZE that aims to integrate a pilot-scale gasifier unit with a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The objective is to identify the optimal operating conditions for a gasifier and hot gas cleaning...
Amongst the issues associated with the commercialization of biomass gasification, the presence of tars has been one of the most difficult aspects to address. Tars are an impurity generated from the gasifier and upon their condensation cause problems...
Tar is an unavoidable biomass gasification byproduct. Tar formation reduces gasification efficiency and limits the further application of biomass gasification technology. Hence, efficient tar removal is a major problem to be solved in the formation a...
Hydrogen production from biomass pyrolysis is economically and technologically attractive from the perspectives of energy and the environment. The two-stage catalytic pyrolysis of pine sawdust for hydrogen-rich gas production is investigated using na...
Sewage sludge has long been perceived as the bottleneck of wastewater treatment plants in China, restraining the healthy development of sewage treatment for decades. In recent years, pyrolysis as a promising multifunctional platform has attracted inc...
The effect of Brown’s gas on the gas-phase tar cracking behavior, carbonic oxide (CO) production rate, and gaseous product temperature during the pine wood pyrolysis was preliminarily explored. By the application of cold trapping and gravimetri...
Specific features of the catalytic tar cracking in the presence of formic acid, BEA zeolite and 8% Ni-2.5% Mo/Sibunit catalyst were studied at 350 °C and 1.0 MPa pressure. The obtained results evidenced that formic acid can be used as a hydrogen...
The study of tar behaviors in underground coal gasification (UCG) is essential for pollution control, system safety and conversion efficiency; however, existing studies have only focused on tar in products without revealing tar evolution in the react...
The main drawback for the development of biomass gasification technology is tar conversion. Among the various methods for tar abatement, the use of catalysts has been proposed in the literature. Most of the works reported in the literature on catalyt...
Tar and substantial CH4 and CO2 are contained in gasified fuels, which pose an obstacle to direct chemical synthesis, and this is a predominant challenge for biomass gasification technology. Herein, a packed−bed dielectric barrier discharge (DB...
Plasma-catalytic reforming of simulated biomass tar composed of naphthalene, toluene, and benzene was carried out in a coaxial plasma reactor supplied with nanosecond high-voltage pulses. The effect of Rh-LaCoO3/Al2O3 and Ni/Al2O3 catalysts covering...
Gasification of lignocellulosic biomass has been widely highlighted as one of the most robust and promising low-carb approaches toward sustainable energy production. The gasification syngas obtained from agro-industrial residues can produce heat, pow...
This research investigated the application of palm shell char as a catalyst for the catalytic steam reforming of tar after the sorption enhanced gasification (SEG) process. The catalytic activities of palm shell char and metal-supported palm shell ch...
It has been widely accepted worldwide, that the greenhouse effect is by far the most challenging threat in the new century. Renewable energy has been adopted to prevent excessive greenhouse effects, and to enhance sustainable development. Malaysia ha...
Crucial studies have verified that IAA is mainly generated via the two-step pathway in Arabidopsis, in which tryptophan aminotransferase (TAA) and YUCCA (YUC) are the two crucial enzymes. However, the role of the TAA (or TAR) and YUC genes in allotet...
Catalytic tar removal is one of the main challenges restricting the successful commercialization of biomass gasification. Hot gas cleaning using a heterogeneous catalyst is one of the methods used to remove tar. In order to economically remove tar, a...
This study applied oxygen-enrichment conditions to remove tar (the main problem in biomass gasification) and increase gasification efficiency. Experiments on oxygen-enrichment conditions were conducted at oxygen concentrations of 21%, 25%, 30%, and 3...
Magnesium nickel silicate (MNS) has been investigated as a catalyst to convert tars and light hydrocarbons to syngas (CO and H2) by steam reforming and CO2 reforming in the presence of H2S for biomass gasification process at NexTech Materials. It was...
As a significant by-product of coal pyrolysis processes, coal tar is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), garnering considerable attention for their potential conversion into high-value products through saturation hydrogenation. This pape...
China has abundant biomass and renewable energy resources suitable for producing green methanol via biomass thermochemical conversion. Given China’s increasing demand for sustainable fuel alternatives and the urgency to reduce carbon emissions,...
Periprosthetic infection (PJI) after TAR is a serious complication, often requiring further surgery, including revision arthroplasty, conversion to ankle arthrodesis, or even amputation. This systematic review aims to summarize the current evidence o...
Municipal waste gasification presents a promising avenue to extract useful energy from waste through syngas. This technology’s application is limited by tar formation (long-chain hydrocarbons), which can decrease energy conversion efficiency an...
Biomass can be considered a renewable energy source. It undergoes a gasification process to obtain gaseous fuel, which converts it into combustible gaseous products such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. The process also generates undesirabl...
Tyramine receptors (TARs) can be activated by tyramine (TA) or octopamine (OA) and have been shown to be related to physiological regulation (e.g., gustatory responsiveness, social organization, and learning behavior) in a range of insect species. A...
The depletion and usage of fossil fuels causes environmental issues and alternative fuels and technologies are urgently required. Therefore, thermal arc water vapor plasma for a fast and robust waste/biomass treatment is an alternative to the syngas...
The pyrolysis of four pairs of raw and acid-washed coals under N2 atmosphere was carried out in a drop tube reactor at 1250 °C. The results show that both organic structures and metal elements have an important influence on the formation of soot....
Steel filter discs were catalytically activated by ALD, using a coating of supporting Al2O3 layer and an active NiO layer for gas cleaning. Prepared discs were tested for model biomass gasification and gas catalytic filtration to reduce or eliminate...
The removal of tar and CO2 represents a critical challenge in the production of biomass gasification syngas, necessitating the development of advanced catalytic systems. In this study, plasma-enhanced catalytic CO2 reforming was employed to remove bi...
Chemical looping biomass gasification is a novel technology converting biomass into syngas, and the selection of oxygen carrier is key for efficient tar conversion. The performance of LaFe1-xNix as a robust catalytic oxygen carrier was investigated i...
Conventional carbon black production occurs by pyrolysis after heavy aromatic feedstock is injected into the post-combustor region of furnace black reactors. The current work examines the conversion of the coal tar distillate in turbulent spray flame...
In this paper, the yields and composition of solid and condensable products that were obtained by microwave-assisted torrefaction of softwood, wheat straw, and peat fuel pellets, defined as main- and side-stream torrefaction products, were studied. T...
In order to illustrate the importance of a coupling effect in the physical-chemical structure of char-based catalysts on in-situ biomass tar reforming, three typical char-based catalysts (graphite, Zhundong coal char, and sawdust biochar) were studie...
Gasification is a promising technology for the conversion of mixed solid waste like refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and municipal solid waste (MSW) into a valuable gas consisting of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2. This work aims to identify the basic challenges of a...
Tar-rich coal (with a tar yield ≥ 7%), as a special coal-based oil and gas resource, is of great significance for ensuring national energy security and promoting the clean conversion of coal. The selection of suitable geological sites represents a...
co-gasification experiments with mixtures in various proportions of waste wood (WW) and sewage sludge (SS) were performed in a downdraft gasifier, in order to evaluate process performance and properties of gas and chars. Addition of SS improved the e...
Ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of biomass using char-supported nanoparticles metals (Fe and Ni) catalyst for syngas production and tar decomposition was investigated. The characterizations of fresh Fe-Ni/char catalysts were determined by TGA, SEM–...
Waste oil scum is commonly discharged during the air flotation process at oil-bearing wastewater treatment plants and disposed as an additive in cement kilns and/or furnaces. Herein, it was mixed with a magnetite-rich waste sludge and then completely...
The gasification of lignite could be a promising sustainable alternative to combustion, because it causes reduced emissions and allows the production of syngas, which is a versatile gaseous fuel that can be used for cogeneration, Fischer-Tropsch synt...
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