Prior exploration is an instructional strategy that has improved performance and understanding in system-dynamics-based simulators, but only to a limited degree. This study investigates whether model transparency, that is, showing users the internal...
Solving problems in a technical system usually requires people to understand its functioning on different levels of abstraction (i.e., goals, functions, components, characteristics) that are connected via means–ends links. We combined this abst...
Background: Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are characterized by low empathy, guilt, and prosociality, putting children at risk for lifespan antisocial behavior. Elevated CU traits have been linked separately to difficulties with emotion understandin...
Successful applications of deep learning technologies in the natural language processing domain have improved text-based intent classifications. However, in practical spoken dialogue applications, the users’ articulation styles and background n...
Affective understanding is an area of affective computing which is concerned with advancing the ability of a computer to understand the affective state of its user. This area continues to receive attention in order to improve the human-computer inter...
Different accounts have been given in order to face the problem of the emergence of musical consonance and dissonance. Getting a more adequate comprehension of such phenomenology may require a systemic view to integrate such multidimensionality into...
Renewable, decentralised, and citizen-centred energy paradigms have emerged as feasible and reliable alternatives to the traditional centralised fossil-based infrastructure. In this scenario, energy storage systems (ESSs) are enabling technologies to...
Symbolic semantic understanding of staff images is an important technological support to achieve “intelligent score flipping”. Due to the complex composition of staff symbols and the strong semantic correlation between symbol spaces, it i...
Understanding the molecular impact of lifestyle factors has never been so important; a period in time where there are so many adults above retirement age has been previously unknown. As a species, our life expectancy is increasing yet the period of o...
Subjective understanding is a complex process that involves the interplay of feelings and cognition. This paper explores how computers can monitor a user’s sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity in real-time to detect the natur...
The ocular glymphatic system subserves the bidirectional polarized fluid transport in the optic nerve, whereby cerebrospinal fluid from the brain is directed along periarterial spaces towards the eye, and fluid from the retina is directed along periv...
Cell metabolism is the biochemical machinery that provides energy and building blocks to sustain life. Understanding its fine regulation is of pivotal relevance in several fields, from metabolic engineering applications to the treatment of metabolic...
To understand complex diseases, high-throughput data are generated at large and multiple levels. However, extracting meaningful information from large datasets for comprehensive understanding of cell phenotypes and disease pathophysiology remains a m...
High-grade gliomas are aggressive, primary, central nervous system tumors with low survival rates due to recurrence and resistance to current therapy models. Recent studies have highlighted the importance between the interaction of glioma cancer cell...
The cyber processing layer of smart systems based on a cognitive dynamic system (CDS) can be a good solution for better decision making and situation understanding in non-Gaussian and nonlinear environments (NGNLE). The NGNLE situation understanding...
This study contributes to a better understanding of where to place different energy modelling tools and support better decision-making related to the sustainable development of energy systems. It is argued that through the connection of the energy fi...
The hepatic lymphatic system, long underappreciated, plays a critical role in liver physiology by maintaining interstitial fluid balance, removing metabolic waste, and facilitating immune surveillance. Emerging evidence indicates that lymphatic dysfu...
The adoption of the global positioning system (GPS) within the marine industry has revolutionized the marine operations by condensing the navigation of a vessel into an integrated bridge system (IBS). An IBS acts as the main command and control of a...
Background and objectives: There is a compelling need for a more sustainable food system because of climate change and contemporary Western diets, which pose a threat to human and planetary health. The food system is a social–ecological system,...
This article delves into sensitivity analysis within simulation models of real systems, focusing on the impact of variability in independent input factors (x) on dependent system outputs (y). It discusses linear and nonlinear regression to analyse an...
This qualitative review on rotavirus infection and its complications in the central nervous system (CNS) aims to understand the gut–brain mechanisms that give rise to CNS driven symptoms such as vomiting, fever, feelings of sickness, convulsions, enc...
Accurate scene understanding is crucial for the safe and stable operation of underground utility tunnel inspections. Addressing the characteristics of low-light environments, this paper proposes an object recognition method based on low-light enhance...
9 January 2023
Helping the sick and protecting the vulnerable has long been the credo of the health profession. In response to the coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19 pandemic), hospitals and healthcare institutions have rapidly employed public health measures to mi...
Venoms are one of the most convergent of animal traits known, and encompass a much greater taxonomic and functional diversity than is commonly appreciated. This knowledge gap limits the potential of venom as a model trait in evolutionary biology. Her...
In vitro tissue culture plant regeneration is a complicated process that requires stressful conditions affecting the cell functioning at multiple levels, including signaling pathways, transcriptome functioning, the interaction between cellular organe...
Complex human behavior, including interlimb and interpersonal coordination, has been studied from a dynamical system perspective. We review the applications of a dynamical system approach to a sporting activity, which includes continuous, discrete, a...
This comprehensive review explores the role of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in advancing our understanding of the visual system. Beginning with an introduction to fNIRS, we delve into its historical development, highlighting how this...
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a quality control measure designed to ensure the safety of products according to established variability thresholds. With the development of advanced technologies and a lack of formalised knowledge of the state-of-the...
In this paper we apply our understanding of the radical enactivist agenda to the classic AI-hard problem of Natural Language Understanding. When Turing devised his famous test the assumption was that a computer could use language and the challenge wo...
Scene understanding is essential for enhancing driver safety, generating human-centric explanations for Automated Vehicle (AV) decisions, and leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) for retrospective driving video analysis. This study developed a dyn...
The cardinality of the class, C , of complex intelligent systems, i.e., systems of intelligent systems and their resources, is steadily increasing. Such an increase, whether designed, sometimes changes significantly and fundamentally, the structure o...
Root system architecture (RSA) is an important developmental and agronomic trait that is regulated by various physical factors such as nutrients, water, microbes, gravity, and soil compaction as well as hormone-mediated pathways. Phytohormones act as...
Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) prioritizes system design through models rather than documents, and it is implemented with the Systems Modeling Language (SysML), which is the state-of-the-art language in academia and industry. Virtual Reality...
Despite their diminutive neural systems, insects exhibit sophisticated adaptive behaviors in diverse environments. An insect receives various environmental stimuli through its sensory organs and selectively and rapidly integrates them to produce an a...
Understanding chemical models can be challenging for many university students studying chemistry. This study analysed students’ understanding of molecular structures using the Lewis structure as a model, and examined what hinders their understanding....
This paper summarizes current understanding of the processes that determine the dynamics of the subsea permafrost–hydrate system existing in the largest, shallowest shelf in the Arctic Ocean; the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS). We review key...
Augmented reality, augmented television and second screen are cutting edge technologies that provide end users extra and enhanced information related to certain events in real time. This enriched information helps users better understand such events,...
A transient inline spiking system is a promising tool for evaluating the performance of a virus filter in continuous operation. For better implementation of the system, we performed a systematic analysis to understand the residence time distribution...
In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective...
Natural Language Understanding (NLU) systems are essential components in many industry conversational artificial intelligence applications. There are strong incentives to develop a good NLU capability in such systems, both to improve the user experie...
The cooperative operation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (multi-UAV) is emerging as a pivotal trend in future complex autonomous systems. To enable accurate mission understanding and efficient collaboration among UAVs in complex, dynamic, and u...
The question of how the complexity of water governance may be understood beyond a heuristic concept remains unanswered. In this paper, we propose a Water Governance Complexity Framework to address the complexity of water governance. Through a literat...
Groundwater depletion threatens global freshwater resources, necessitating urgent water management and policies to meet current and future needs. However, existing data-intensive approaches to assessments do not fully account for the complex human, c...
4 November 2022
The Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) is an essential asset in aligning the strategic objectives of both the National and Provincial departments of health with the individual targets and Key Responsibility Areas (KRAs) of the indiv...
The transformation of cities towards healthy urban living environments for all is a challenge that needs to be addressed through collaboration of all relevant sectors in a transdisciplinary research processes. This paper reports on the design and sho...
Human Resource Information Systems (HRISs) have become integral to contemporary organizational life, yet their successful adoption remains uneven and poorly understood. Existing models often focus on cognitive or technical determinants, overlooking h...
Telemedicine in emergency contexts presents unique challenges, particularly in multilingual and low-resource settings where accurate, clinical understanding and triage decision support are critical. This paper introduces TriagE-NLU, a novel multiling...
Despite rapid progress in natural language processing, current interactive AI systems continue to struggle with interpreting ambiguous, idiomatic, and contextually rich human language, a barrier to natural human–computer interaction. Many deplo...
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative innovation in transportation, promising enhanced safety, efficiency, and sustainability. Despite these promises, achieving robustness, reliability, and adherence to ethical standards in AV systems...
To meet the sustainability challenges in the 21st century, students need to develop a unique human learning capacity for creativity, responsibility, adaptation, meaningfulness, and lifelong learning. Furthermore, current changes in the societal envir...
of 805