Objective: The future mobility challenges lead to considering new safety systems to protect vehicle passengers in non-standard and complex seating configurations. The objective of this study is to assess the performance of a brand new safety system c...
The rocket sled, as a ground dynamic test system, combines the characteristics of the wind tunnel test and the flight test. However, some practical factors, such as shock wave interference, ground effect, and high-intensity aerodynamic noise will cau...
Fixed delays and single-state thresholds are difficult to adapt to dependent event sequences, short authorization windows, and multi-parameter constraints in rocket-sled ejection tests. This study presents PMT-TC, a programmable multi-event triggerin...
This paper investigates AI models for generating synthetic data from highly dynamic and size-limited lateral-sled-test measurements for the purpose of training data augmentation. Given that lateral sled tests serve as a cost-efficient proxy for full-...
14 October 2021
Previous studies of support legs in rearward-facing infant CRS models have focused on frontal impacts and have found that the presence of a support leg is associated with a reduction in head injury metrics. However, real-world crashes often involve a...
Presently, most passive safety tests are performed with a precisely specified seat position and carefully seated ATD (anthropomorphic test device) dummies. Facing the development of autonomous vehicles, as well as the need for safety verification dur...
The aim of the study was to compare the power output during indoor sprints on a SKILLRUNTM treadmill with the power output expressed in outdoor sprints pushing an instrumented sled. The SKILLRUNTM has been chosen because it is able to simulate the ou...
The accidents caused by car collisions can be categorized into front collision, side collision, and rear-end collision, among which the fatal accident incidence rate of rear-end collisions is the highest. Because neck injury is the most common injury...
Rear-end collisions remain a significant category of road accidents, despite widespread passive safety systems. Although modern seats are designed to reduce injury risk, the influence of accessory lumbar supports on passenger safety is still insuffic...
Out-of-position (OOP) testing is increasingly important due to the development of autonomous vehicles, innovative car seat designs, and the need to verify safety in various seating configurations. This study analyzes the impact of seatback recline an...
Critical traffic situations, such as vehicle collisions and emergency manoeuvres, can cause an occupant to respond with reflex and voluntary actions. These affect the occupant’s position and dynamic loading during interactions with the vehicle&...
26 October 2022
Despite wearing a seat belt, pregnant drivers often suffer from negative fetal outcomes in the event of motor accidents. In order to maintain the safety of pregnant drivers and their fetuses, we assessed the severity of placental abruption caused by...
(1) Playing basketball entails intense anaerobic activities, including short sprints, sudden stops, rapid direction changes, and jumps. Common training methods for enhancing players’ anaerobic fitness comprise sprint training, jump exercises, a...
Rocket-sleds belong to a category of large-scale test platforms running on the ground which are mainly used for launching tests of weapon equipment and performance tests of airborne equipment. In the present study, a dynamic grid method was used to s...
1 September 2021
The aim of the current study was to examine the efficacy of resisted sled-based training compared to traditional unresisted sprint training in terms of mediating improvements in speed, agility, and power during an eight-week period of in-season train...
28 July 2021
This investigation examined relationships between a Special Weapons and Tactics-specific fitness test (SORT) and an obstacle course (OC) used for qualification in fourteen male SWAT members from three local, regional police departments. The SORT incl...
The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in terms of (1) muscle activation patterns; (2) metabolic power (MP) and energy cost (EC) estimated via two determination methods (i.e., the Global Positioning System [GPS] and electromyography-bas...
Semiconductor superluminescent light-emitting diodes (SLEDs) have emerged as ideal and vital broadband light sources with extensive applications, such as optical fiber-based sensors, biomedical sensing/imaging, wavelength-division multiplexing system...
Background: The Siberian Husky has evolved as a versatile dog capable of traversing over 1600 km in extreme Arctic conditions, being a competitive show dog in the American Kennel Club, or a favorite pet for companionship. Modern genomics provides an...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of heavy sled towing using a load corresponding to a 50% reduction of the individual theoretical maximal velocity (ranged 57–73% body mass) on subsequent 30 m sprint performance, velocity, me...
The ultra-high-speed rocket sled plays an important role in the ground test by simulating altitude flight. Rocket sleds can only be lifted for a short time with thermally uninsulated superconductors moving among an eddy-current-induced copper array....
In order to access the fretting damage of the steam generator tube (SGT), a fast fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) non-scanning correlation demodulation system based on a super luminescent light emitting diode (SLED) was performed. By demodulating the light si...
The purpose of this investigation is to present observational data regarding sleep variables in professional Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) athletes. These sleep performance measures were related to physical performance and injury in MMA athletes. Eight pr...
The objective of this study was to apply an innovative technique to manufacture a plastic automotive component to reduce its weight and costs, and guarantee its design was safe. A frontal impact sled test was simulated, and the damages to the occupan...
Polymerization of resin-based composites depends on an overlap between photoinitiator absorption and light-curing unit (LCU) emission, yet resins that fail to cure cannot be measured and go unreported. This study tested how photoinitiator chemistry a...
This paper deals with the redesign of an aircraft passenger seat, placed at the first seat row, which was not compliant with Federal Aviation Regulations FAR 25.562 “Emergency landing dynamic conditions” regulation (due to a high value for the Head I...
In this study, the development and validation of a 35th percentile female multi-body head–neck model are presented to study whiplash-related disorders in rear-end impacts. The volunteer sled tests conducted by the Japan Automobile Research Inst...
Objective: To evaluate the differences in frictional resistance between in-house 3D-printed resin brackets (IH3DBs) and two types of commercially available brackets in combination with three different archwires. Methods: Friction tests were performed...
In the current research, the use of tailor-welded blanks (TWBs) comprising Usibor® 1500-AS laser welded to more ductile Ductibor® 500-AS is considered. The TWBs were hot stamped to form top-hat cross-section channels with axially tailored properties....
This paper analyzes the kinematics and applied forces of pregnant and non-pregnant women dummies sitting in the rear seat during a frontal vehicle collision to determine differences in the features of abdominal injuries. Sled tests were conducted at...
To determine the cause of negative fetal outcomes and the causative mechanism in a frontal collision, we analyzed the kinematics and mechanisms of injuries using an unbelted pregnant dummy, the Maternal Anthropometric Measurement Apparatus dummy, ver...
As driving becomes more automated, the driver–car interaction is changing. The steering wheel, traditionally the main interface between the driver and the vehicle, is reduced to being a part of the environment in autonomous driving. Its influen...
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a specific isometric-strength sprint test (SIST) and unresisted maximum velocity (Vmax), sprint times across different loading conditions, and the velocity loss (Vloss) loads required to achiev...
The aim of the study was to evaluate a novel approach to measuring neck muscle load and activity in vehicle collision conditions. A series of sled tests were performed on 10 healthy volunteers at three severity levels to simulate low-severity frontal...
To achieve high-precision measurements of target points on long straight tracks, a multi-level measurement method based on length–angle mixed intersection techniques was explored. Firstly, a control network with graded measurement levels was pr...
Child occupants are highly vulnerable to head and neck injuries in vehicle crashes; conventional child restraint systems primarily restrain the torso, with limited ability to directly reduce excessive head excursion and neck loads during frontal coll...
We tested the hypothesis that the degree of adaptation to highly focused sprint training at opposite ends of the sprint Force-Velocity (FV) spectrum would be associated with initial sprint FV profile in rugby athletes. Training-induced changes in spr...
To improve the safety of middle-aged and older child occupants, this paper proposes a framework to effectively design the layout parameters of child booster seats. The layout parameters of the child booster seat include both the three-point seat belt...
The objectives of this study were to assess the safety of various methods of seatbelt use and propose safety improvements to the lap-and-shoulder seatbelt for pregnant rear-seat passengers. The Maternal Anthropometric Measurement Apparatus dummy, ver...
High-tilt reclined seats are one of the most popular configurations in highly automated vehicles; however, current restraint systems cannot protect out-of-position occupants in this type of seat. To reduce the risk of injury to reclined occupants, th...
The continuous increase in the operating speed of rail vehicles demands higher requirements for passive safety protection and lightweight design. This paper focuses on an energy-absorbing component (circular tubes) at the end of a train. Thin-walled...
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of protein and carbohydrate supplementation, with and without creatine, on occupational performance in firefighters. Methods: Using a randomized, double-blind approach, thirty male firef...
The upper limb force–velocity relationship (FVR) is a crucial aspect of athletic performance, particularly in para-sports where upper limb movements play a leading role in activities such as wheelchair propulsion. Athletes’ mechanical cap...
Multi-block structured mesh is widely used for high-precision aerodynamic simulation, but mesh blocking usually requires substantial manual intervention, which is time-consuming and demands a high level of user expertise. In this study, a potential f...
Research was conducted involving a series of lateral impact tests on a horizontal sled facility by scientists at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). The purpose of the research was to conduct an assessment of the biodynamic response of an anthr...
Tryptophan (Trp), an indispensable amino acid for dogs, is the precursor of serotonin, a neurotransmitter with a variety of effects throughout the body, including the ability to modulate cardiac and pulmonary activity. This study aimed to investigate...
Previous studies of HYROX have described its physiological demands and pacing, but the organization of race-segment performance and the existence of distinct performance profiles among high-performing athletes remain unclear. This retrospective obser...
Background: In youth football, sprint performance depends on the capacity to produce and orient force horizontally during acceleration. Resisted sprinting may preferentially target the force end of the sprint force–velocity profile, whereas fre...
31 December 2025
Background: Firefighting is a physically and mentally demanding line of work, requiring heightened strength, conditioning, and cognition to perform job-specific tasks safely and effectively. To prepare for these demands, recruits undergo the Emergenc...