229 Results Found

In this purely analytical analysis, we have investigated the effects of a point-like defect in a continuous medium on a diatomic molecule under the influence of small oscillations arising from the Lennard-Jones potential. In the search for bound-stat...

Junction spectroscopy techniques (JSTs) are powerful tools for investigating electrically active defects in semiconductors. Originally developed to study point-like defects in bulk semiconductors, JSTs have since been extended to increasingly complex...

In this paper, we analytically investigate a diatomic molecule subject to the Morse potential under the small oscillations regime, immersed in a medium with a point defect representing impurities or vacancies in an elastic system. Initially, we apply...

The results of a high-resolution Raman scattering study of a diamond crystal with a high content of single substitutional nitrogen impurities (550 ppm) in the temperature range from 50 to 673 K are presented and compared with the data for defect-free...

We consider the influence of different nanoparticles or micrometre-scale colloidal objects, which we commonly refer to as particles, on liquid crystalline (LC) orientational order in essentially spatially homogeneous particle–LC mixtures. We fi...

Graphite bisulfate (GBS) compounds consist of graphite layers intercalated by HSO${}_4^{-}$ ions and H${}_2$SO${}_4$ molecules. Owing to electrostatic interactions with the graphene plane, HSO${}_4^{-}$ ions cause point defects in the graphite’s crystalline...

This paper reports the analysis of a single crystal copper rod aiming to characterize the microstructural features related to the homogeneity of the single crystal growth and the presence, shape and extension of spatially distributed misaligned grain...

The Standard Model of particle physics has achieved unprecedented success in describing fundamental interactions through the formalism of Quantum Field Theory (QFT), where particles are treated as point-like excitations of underlying fields. In this...

We fabricated indium gallium nitride (InGaN) red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a peak emission wavelength of 649 nm and investigated their electroluminescence (EL) properties. An additional separated peak in the EL spectrum of the red LEDs at 20...

The quality of ultrasound images of welds is highly penalized by the dendritic structure of the material that forms during cooling. The image of a flaw is all the more degraded as a reliable description of such a medium is most of the time not possib...

We report on the non-contact characterization of various plate materials (including aluminum and steel) using a high-pressure, micrometer-scale air jet as a broadband ultrasound source and an optomechanical microphone as a receiver. Through-plate tra...

Low-temperature variable-energy electron irradiation was used to induce non-magnetic disorder in a single crystal of a hole-doped iron-based superconductor, Ba${}_{1-x}$K${}_x$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$, x = 0.80. To avoid systematic errors, the beam energy was adjusted non-c...

Underground utility tunnels in service are prone to micro-cracks that cause subtle water leakage, which is difficult to detect manually. Infrared thermography offers non-contact potential but suffers from low contrast and background interference when...

Relying on nanoindentation technology, we investigated the elastic-to-plastic transition via first pop-in event and estimated the corresponding shear stress for incipient plasticity, i.e., yielding in the three typical orientations, i.e., X-112°,...

We investigated the effect of 0.6 MeV proton irradiation on the superconducting and normal-state properties of thin-film ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2{\mathrm{Cu}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_{7-\delta }$ superconductors. A thin-film YBCO superconductor (≈567 nm thick) was subject to a series of proton...

We investigate the quantum forces occurring between the defects and/or boundaries of a conformal field theory (CFT). We propose to model imperfect defects and boundaries as localized relevant double-trace operators that deform the CFT. Our focus is o...

The crystal orientation effect on mechanical heterogeneity of LiTaO₃ single crystals is well known, whilst the time-dependent plastic behavior, i.e., creep is still short of understanding. Relying on nanoindentation technology, we systematically stud...

We investigate the role of vortices in the decay of persistent current states of annular atomic superfluids by solving numerically the Gross–Pitaevskii equation, and we directly compare our results with the ${}^6$Li experiment at LENS data. We theor...

In this paper, based on the density functional theory, through thermodynamic and mechanical stability criteria, the crystal cell model of intermetallic compounds with vacancy and anti-site point defects is constructed and the lattice constant, format...

Using density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the intrinsic point defects, formation energy, and electronic structure of 1T-TiS₂ were investigated. Defect systems include single-atom vacancies, interstitial and adatom...

Topological defects in anisotropic fluids like liquid crystals serve as a playground for the research of various effects. In this study, we concentrated on a hybrid system of chiral rod-like molecules doped by magnetic nanoparticles. In textures of t...

Printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing processes are becoming increasingly complex, where even minor defects can impair product performance and yield rates. Precisely identifying PCB defects is critical but remains challenging. Traditional PCB def...

Spinel ferrites demonstrate extensive applications in different areas, like electrodes for electrochemical devices, gas sensors, catalysts, and magnetic adsorbents for environmentally important processes. However, defects in the real spinel structure...

Few-shot anomaly detectors for industrial inspection typically use between five and 20 reference images to learn what a normal part looks like. These images are assumed to be defect-free, which is not 100% guaranteed on an actual production line. Thi...

Concrete is extensively utilized in infrastructure projects. However, issues like construction quality and external loads can lead to the formation of thin-plate-like voids with considerable aspect ratios, posing serious safety risks and highlighting...

Mechanical anisotropy and point defects would greatly affect the product quality while producing silicon wafers via diamond-wire cutting. For three major orientations concerned in wafer production, their mechanical performances under the nanoscale ef...

Red scale defect is known to be mainly caused by net-like Fe₂SiO₄–FeO. In the present study, the morphology of Fe₂SiO₄–FeO in a Si-containing steel was investigated by simultaneous thermal analysis, high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscopy...

Irradiation creep of engineering alloys in nuclear reactor cores differs from the creep that is observed outside of the irradiation environment. It exhibits characteristics like high temperature thermal creep because it occurs in an environment of el...

Accurate detection of road surface defects and their integration into geospatial representations are key requirements for scalable UAV-based inspection and maintenance systems.This work presents a lightweight processing pipeline that converts image-b...

The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of micro surface defects introduced by the focused ion beam (FIB) technique on the fracture strength of ceramics. Three-point bending tests on alumina-silicon carbide (Al₂O₃/SiC) ceramic composites con...

A key challenge for many quantum gravity approaches is to construct states that describe smooth geometries on large scales. Here we define a family of $(2+1)$-dimensional quantum gravity states which arise from curvature excitations concentrated at poi...

Tire defect detection, as an important application of automatic inspection techniques in the industrial field, remains a challenging task because of the diversity and complexity of defect types. Existing research mainly relies on X-ray images for the...

Three-dimensional topological magnetic defects, such as Bloch points, are of significant interest for high-frequency spintronics due to their unique particle-like properties and effective inertial mass. We investigate the nucleation, stabilization, a...

Circle detection is a crucial problem in computer vision and pattern recognition. In this paper, we propose a fast circle detection algorithm based on circular arc feature screening. In order to solve the invalid sampling and time consumption of the...

Exploring a novel approach for the synthesis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts with inexpensive and high-activity is desirable. Herein, we report a bubble templating method to synthesize the graphene-l...

Ballas is a rare polycrystalline diamond variety characterized by a radially oriented internal structure and spheroidal outer shape. The origin of natural ballases remains poorly constrained. We present the results of a comprehensive investigation of...

To address challenges like manual processes, complicated detection methods, high false alarm rates, and frequent errors in identifying defects on steel surfaces, this research presents an innovative detection system, YOLOv10n-SFDC. The study focuses...

Thoracoscopic repair of congenital diaphra­gmatic hernia (CDH) has been described by a number of authors and is increasingly widely practiced. We present a technical learning point. CDH is associated with the presence of a hernia sac in around 20% of...

Internal conductive defects in composite insulators severely degrade their insulation performance and are considered concealed defects, posing a significant threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Focusing on this issue, this study...

This study examines the energy-localization performance of a one-dimensional phononic crystal (PnC) with a defect when exposed to burst waves of different cycle numbers under longitudinal waves. Using the finite element method, band structures of the...

To treat critical-size bone defects, composite materials and tissue-engineered bone grafts play important roles in bone repair materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative potential of hybrid scaffolds consisting of m...

This article provides a concise review of a new state of colloidal matter called nematic liquid-crystal colloids. These colloids are obtained by dispersing microparticles of different shapes in a nematic liquid crystal that acts as a solvent for the...

Existing learning-based AFP inspection methods predominantly rely on grayscale/depth-like representations or directly learned appearance features, while the directional relationship between laser-profile height variation and defect boundaries remains...

Silicon carbide is a promising material for optically and spin-active point defects relevant to quantum applications. Quantum-relevant color centers are commonly generated by irradiation or implantation, which require specialized infrastructure and m...

(1) Background: The purpose of this review is to explore how advanced sensor technologies and AI-driven methods, like machine learning and image processing, are shaping non-destructive imaging (NDI) systems. NDI plays a vital role in ensuring the str...

Defect modes in phononic crystals (PnCs) provide strongly localized resonances that are essential for frequency-dependent wave filtering and highly sensitive sensing. Their functionality increases greatly when their spectral characteristics can be ex...

Ensuring friction stir welding (FSW) joint quality typically relies on ultrasonic testing (UT) and radiographic testing (RT), but achieving complete coverage is challenging, and echo-based defect discrimination becomes difficult in dissimilar joints....

Links between heat exposure and congenital anomalies have not been explored in detail despite animal data and other strands of evidence that indicate such links are likely. We reviewed articles on heat and congenital anomalies from PubMed and Web of...

Autografts, allografts, and synthetic bone substitutes are essential in reconstructive orthopedic surgery. Although autografts and allografts provide excellent skeletal integration, their use is limited by host morbidity and graft acquisition challen...

Point intrinsic and extrinsic defects, especially paramagnetic ions of transition metals and rare-earth elements, have essential influence on properties of lithium niobate, LN and tantalate, LT, and often determine their suitability for numerous appl...