A significant debate is ongoing on the effectiveness of animal experimentation, due to the increasing reports of failure in the translation of results from preclinical animal experiments to human patients. Scientific, ethical, social and economic con...
The rapid development of sharing bicycles has facilitated the last mile of travel and provided new opportunities for the sustainable development of metro transportation. However, there is still insufficient literature on how to promote the bicycle&nd...
This paper provides an evaluation of the stranding risks of coal in Poland. Combining an industrial organization and financial analysis approach, we assess the current economic situation of companies operating within the coal industry and draft forec...
Many cities all over the world highlight the need to transform their urban mobility systems into more sustainable ones, to confront pressing issues such as air and noise pollution, and to deliver on climate change mitigation action. While the support...
Coal phase-out is considered to be critical to the success of energy transition for all countries. Yet, recent assessments indicate that energy security aspects may affect phase-out plans and/or commitments and jeopardize energy transition ambitions....
PV waste management will gain relevance proportionally to the amounts of waste that are expected to arise with the phasing-out of old installations in the upcoming years and decades. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology is used here to analyze...
This paper presents an analysis of the scientific literature devoted to the problem of load sharing and phasing in planetary gearboxes. The wide range of research topics demonstrates the technical challenges of understanding planetary load-sharing an...
This contribution aims to provide an in-depth outlook of the phase-out of coal-fired energy generation in Italy. In particular, this article analyzes the state-of-the-art with regard to both the current role of coal generation and the performance of...
Presently, the segmented mirror is the mainstream development direction of large-aperture telescopes. The key problem affecting the performance of segmented mirror telescopes concerns the co-phase of the segments. The segments’ co-phase include...
Coiled-coil proteins consisting of multiple copies of helices take part in transmembrane transportation and oligomerization, and are used for drug delivery. Cross-alpha amyloid-like coiled-coil structures, in which tens of short helices align perpend...
: Most scenarios on instruments limiting global warming in line with the 1.5 °C temperature limit of the Paris Agreement rely on overshooting the emissions threshold, thus requiring the application of negative emission technologies later on. Subs...
An iterative projection algorithm proposed previously for direct phasing of high-solvent-content protein crystals is extended to include non-crystallographic symmetry (NCS) averaging. For proper NCS, when the NCS axis is positioned, the molecular env...
Root-knot nematodes are considered the most important group of plant-parasitic nematodes due to their wide range of plant hosts and subsequent role in yield losses in agricultural production systems. Chemical nematicides are the primary control metho...
Historically, the electricity sector in Greece was based on local lignite, which provided a stable and affordable base for electricity production. However, current European policy directions, including decarbonization and climate neutrality by 2050,...
A major energy transformation is required to prolong the rise in global temperature below 2 °C. The Indonesian government (GoI) has set a strategy to gradually remove fuel subsidies to meet its 2050 ambitious energy targets. Using a recursive dyn...
This paper presents a comparative analysis of pedestrian behavior and perceived safety among university students at two signalized intersections near the campus premises of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. Although both intersections...
Phasing of nucleic acid crystal diffraction data using the anomalous signal of phosphorus, P-SAD, at Cukα wavelength has been previously demonstrated using Z-DNA. Since the original work on P-SAD with Z-DNA there has been, with a notable exception, a...
Direct methods for solving protein crystal structures from X-ray diffraction data provide an essential approach for validating predicted models while avoiding external model bias. Nevertheless, traditional iterative projection algorithms, including t...
With advances in scientific foundations and engineering practice, segmented mirrors—a key architecture for realizing extremely large apertures and high-resolution imaging—have become foundational across space astronomy, ground-based teles...
Indonesia’s final energy demand is projected to increase by 70% in the next decade, with electricity expected to account for 32%. The increasing electricity demand poses a potential threat to national emissions reduction targets since fossil fu...
Building on our “Critical Inventory”, we analyse the need for the regulation of PVC plastics in the EU and its member states. To this end, we checked the three phases of the life cycle of PVC plastics: production, use and end-of-life. In...
While traditional one-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical simulation techniques require a lot of tests and time, emerging Machine Learning (ML) methods can use fewer data to obtain more information to assist in engine development. Combustion...
Genomic sequences that form three-stranded triplexes (TPXs) under physiological conditions (called T-flipons) play an important role in defining DNA nucleosome-free regions (NFRs). Within these NFRs, other flipon types can cycle conformations to actu...
The European Commission’s ban on routine tail docking has prompted this retrospective observational study to evaluate the short-term effects of transitioning to a fully undocked system. Twenty-two farms were assessed during three subsequent pha...
Pressurizing Xe or Kr noble gas into the protein crystal for de novo phasing has been one method of choice when the introduction of other heavy-atom compounds fails. One reason is because, unlike other heavy-atom compounds, their immobilized sites ar...
The reconstruction of individual haplotypes can facilitate the interpretation of disease risks; however, high costs and technical challenges still hinder their assessment in clinical settings. Second-generation sequencing is the gold standard for var...
Ocean dumping of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) that was treated in wastewater treatment plants in the Republic of Korea (ROK) began in 1993 and has sharply increased thereafter; this deteriorated the benthic environment of the dumping sites, conseque...
Patterson superposition techniques are a historical method for solving the structures of small molecules ab initio, provided they contain heavy atoms in the unit cell. In the 1990s, they were combined with effective EDM procedures and succeeded in th...
The recent technology advancements in miniaturizing the primary components of spacecraft allow the classic CubeSats to be considered as a valid option in the design of a deep space scientific mission, not just to support a main typical interplanetary...
A numerical analysis is carried out of the influence of the de-phasing parameter of an optical conveyor belt in the enantiomeric separation. The optical conveyor belt is obtained by the interference of a Laguerre Gaussian and a Gaussian beam with dif...
Despite the benefits of quantitative data generated by massively parallel sequencing, resolving mitotypes from mixtures occurring in certain ratios remains challenging. In this study, a bioinformatic mixture deconvolution method centered on populatio...
The assignment of alleles to haplotypes in prenatal diagnostic assays has traditionally depended on family study analyses. However, this prevents the wide application of prenatal diagnosis based on haplotype analysis, especially in countries with dis...
Heavy-atom soaking has been a major method for experimental phasing, but it has been difficult for membrane proteins, partly owing to the lack of available sites in the scarce soluble domain for non-invasive heavy-metal binding. The lipid cubic phase...
Single-phasing is a common problem in the three-phase electrical grid. Despite the fact that the fault occurs in one phasing, the three-phase load is affected, and therefore the load is typically turned off. The three-phase induction motor is the mos...
A thyroid receptor alpha structure (PDB ID: 4LNW) was studied for ab initio phasing. With the diffraction intensity data, protein sequence, and ligand structure as the only input, a high-resolution structure was successfully reconstructed by using an...
In protein crystallography, the determination of an accurate protein envelope is of paramount importance for ab initio phasing of diffraction data. In our previous work, we introduced an approach to ascertain the protein envelope by seeking an optima...
In recent high-throughput satellite communication (SatCom) systems, the use of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) has emerged as a promising solution to improve spectral efficiency and extend coverage in areas with limited terrestrial network...
Left-turn crashes occur frequently at signalized intersections and often lead to severe injuries. This problem can be addressed through the implementation of protected left-turn signals. This gives left-turning vehicles the right to enter the interse...
For direct phasing of protein crystals, a method based on the hybrid-input-output (HIO) algorithm has been proposed and tested on a variety of structures. So far, however, the diffraction data have been limited to high-resolution ones, i.e., higher t...
The paper describes the preliminary design of a phasing trajectory in a cislunar environment, where the third body perturbation is considered non-negligible. The working framework is the one proposed by the ESA’s Heracles mission in which a passive t...
Power outages of the electricity grid threaten the proper operation of critical infrastructure such as hospitals. To cope with this problem, emergency diesel generators (DGs) are often used to guarantee continuous and resilient electricity supply, re...
To test the energy-saving effect of command-and-control policies, this research evaluates the impact of “Roadmap for China Phasing Out Incandescent Lamps” on the promotion of energy-efficient lighting products. We use the difference-in-di...
This paper examines the dynamics of quantum steering and fidelity in a two-photon system subjected to dephasing interactions, examining their behavior in Markovian and non-Markovian environments. We consider the case of identical and distinct dephasi...
Direct methods provide a model-free approach to solving the crystallographic phase problem and deliver unbiased atomic structures. However, conventional iterative projection algorithms such as Hybrid Input–Output (HIO) face two critical challen...
Opposed-piston, two-stroke engines reveal degrees of freedom that make them excellent candidates for next generation, highly efficient internal combustion engines for hybrid electric vehicles and power systems. This article reports simulation results...
The LDLR locus has clinical significance for lipid metabolism, Mendelian familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), and common lipid metabolism-related diseases (coronary artery disease and Alzheimer’s disease), but its intronic and structural variant...
In a planetary gear system, the planet phasing depends on the number of teeth in the sun and the ring and the number of planets. When the tooth numbers are both multiples of the number of planets, all planets mesh at the same relative position—...
The demand for phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (φ-OTDR), which is capable of reconstructing external disturbance accurately, is increasing. However, φ-OTDR suffers from fading where Rayleigh backscattering traces (RBS) have low ampl...
A segmented primary mirror is very important for extra-large astronomical telescopes, in order to detect the phase error between segmented mirrors. Traditional iterative algorithms are hard to detect co−phasing aberrations in real time due to t...
RNA plays a central role in all organisms and can fold into complex structures to orchestrate function. Visualization of such structures often requires crystallization, which can be a bottleneck in the structure-determination process. To promote crys...
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