Background: There is a close relationship between breast muscle glucose metabolism, peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and myopathies in animals. Here, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different photoperiods on peripheral 5-HT metab...
Neural function relies on tightly regulated lipid metabolism to sustain membrane integrity, synaptic signaling, and energy production. Myelinating glia, particularly Schwann cells, require continuous lipid flux to build and maintain myelin, rendering...
Although peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are widely used as a valuable tool able to provide biomarkers of health and diseases, little is known about PBMC functional (biochemistry-based) metabolism, particularly following short-term nutriti...
Peripheral γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling is emerging as a context-dependent contributor to metabolic regulation. Long recognized as the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, GABA’s role as an importan...
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) compromises walking and physical activity, which results in further loss of skeletal muscle. The cross-sectional area of the thigh muscle has been shown to be correlated with systemic skeletal muscle volume. In our pre...
Cholesterol is an essential element for the development and normal function of the central nervous system. While peripheral cholesterol is influenced by liver metabolism and diet, brain cholesterol metabolism takes place in an isolated system due to...
It has been broadly recognized that the nervous system is intertwined with various aspects of the body’s metabolism. However, research over the past decade has unexpectedly revealed the involvement of the key metabolic coenzyme nicotinamide ade...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important growth factor in the central nervous system. In addition to its well-known activities in promoting neuronal survival, neuron differentiation, and synaptic plasticity, neuronal BDNF also regulat...
Metabolic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could serve as a less invasive and more direct alternative to tissue biopsies or serum in metabolomic research. We conducted two exploratory independent studies in order to characterise...
Excessive food/energy intake is linked to obesity and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes. The hypothalamus in the brain plays a critical role in the control of food intake and peripheral metabolism. The signaling pathways in hypothalamic neurons t...
Cytokines produced by peripheral T-helper 1/17 cells disproportionately contribute to the inflammation (i.e., metaflammation) that fuels type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis. Shifts in the nutrient milieu could influence inflammation through changes in...
A healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and reduced inflammation. To explore this at the molecular level, we investigated the effect of a Nordic diet (ND) on changes in the gene expression profiles of in...
Background: While sphingolipid alterations in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) have been extensively studied in plasma, their intracellular regulation within immune cells remains poorly characterized. Here, we introduce a PBMC-based sphingolipidom...
Egg yolk contains bioactive components that improve plasma inflammatory markers and HDL profiles in metabolic syndrome (MetS) under carbohydrate restriction. We further sought to determine whether egg yolk intake affects peripheral blood mononuclear...
Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), which play a pivotal role in orchestrating the immune system, garner minimal attention in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The impact of primary liver cancers on PBLs remai...
Gonad loss triggers severe endocrine disorders and altered energy metabolism, yet the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. In swine production, surgical castration is widely performed to eliminate boar taint and aggressive behavior, but it im...
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent and disabling complication of diabetes, with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) being its most severe subtype due to chronic pain and resistance to treatment. Satellite glial cells (SGCs)...
Exercise training can mitigate symptoms of claudication (walking-induced muscle pain) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). One adaptive response enabling this improvement is enhanced muscle oxygen metabolism. To explore this issue, we us...
Apart from the well-established role of the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in the regulation of the reproductive functions, much less is known about the peripheral role of the GnIH and its receptor in the metabolic processes. On account of pi...
Aleutian disease (AD) is a chronic disease of mink caused by the Aleutian Mink Disease Virus (AMDV) that results in dysfunction of the immune system. The prevalence of asymptomatic AMDV infections suggests a necessity to explore their effects on the...
Differential expression of genes (DEGs) in coronary artery disease (CAD) and the association between transcript level and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were studied with 76 male patients with CAD and 63 control patients. The transcript...
The circadian clock is a fundamental biological timing mechanism that generates nearly 24 h rhythms of physiology and behaviors, including sleep/wake cycles, hormone secretion, and metabolism. Evolutionarily, the endogenous clock is thought to confer...
Hydrocarbons occur in fossil fuels such as crude oil and consist mainly of hydrogen and carbon. Although they are natural chemicals, crude oil refining results in commercial products with new physico-chemical properties, which can increase their comp...
Background/Objectives: Depression and anxiety cluster with dysglycaemia along a prediabetes–type 2 diabetes continuum, but the signatures of affective and metabolic burden are unclear. We examined whether neurotrophin-related gene expression an...
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by low-grade inflammation, loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, synovitis, osteophyte formation, and pain. Strong, continuous pain may indicate the need for joint replacement in patients...
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays two important roles in humans—one central and the other peripheral—depending on the location of the 5-HT pools of on either side of the blood-brain barrier. In the central nervous system it acts as a neurot...
We assessed whether muscle metabolism biomarkers (MMb) identified by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are valid for determining adaptations following revascularization or exercise training in peripheral artery disease (PAD). Eighteen patients (males...
The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with peripheral neuropathy and to explore neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker for peripheral neuropathy (PN) in effectively virologically suppressed adults living with HIV. All pr...
Sepsis induces severe immune and metabolic dysfunction driven by mitochondrial failure. Mitochondrial transplantation (MT) has emerged as a promising strategy to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics, but its metabolic impact on immune cells remains un...
Probiotic feed additives have attracted considerable research interest in recent years because the effectiveness of probiotics can differ across microbial strains and the supplemented macroorganisms. The present study was conducted on 16 lambs divide...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterised by acute inflammation and subsequent neuro-axonal degeneration resulting in progressive neurological impairment. Aberrant immune system activati...
Background/Objectives: Angiopoietin-like proteins 4 and 8 (ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8) are key regulators of lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes, with a potential role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Thi...
Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely used for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus. However, its potential role as a marker of metabolic stratification and early complication risk beyond diagnostic thresholds remains insuffi...
Background/Objectives: Increasing evidence reveals the likely peripheral etiology of Parkinson’s disease; however, the mechanistic insight into α-Synuclein aggregation in the periphery remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effe...
Early obesity predicts initial modifications in cardiac and vascular autonomic regulation. The aim of this study was to assess the possible interaction between non-invasive measures of autonomic cardiovascular control and peripheral endothelium regul...
Originally named for its expression in the posterior hypothalamus in rats and after the Greek word for “appetite”, hypocretin, or orexin, as it is known today, gained notoriety as a neuropeptide regulating feeding behavior, energy homeost...
The consumption of foodstuffs yielding circulating compounds able to maintain endothelial function by improving nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability can be considered as an effective strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention. This work assessed the...
Atherosclerosis is an immunoinflammatory pathological procedure in which lipid plaques are formed in the vessel walls, partially or completely occluding the lumen, and is accountable for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ACSVD consists...
The experiment was undertaken to assess whether the continuation or change of the parents’ diet affects the previously programmed bone metabolism of the male offspring during its growth and development. A total of 16 male and 32 female Wistar r...
Human cell-based assays for neurotoxicity (NT) and developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) have reached a high level of readiness, but some tests require improvements in the specificity and sensitivity at which mitochondrial toxicants are detected. This st...
This study investigates ferroptosis in the context of peripheral artery disease (PAD), a vascular disease characterized by atherosclerosis of the lower extremities. Muscle atrophy and increased oxidative stress are hallmarks of PAD and correlate with...
Mitochondria are most likely descendants of strictly aerobic prokaryotes from the class Alphaproteobacteria. The mitochondrial matrix is surrounded by two membranes according to its relationship with Gram-negative bacteria. Similar to the bacterial o...
Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD), is driven by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation within arterial walls. Objectives: This study investigates the expression of ghrelin, an anti-inflammatory peptide hormone,...
Exogenous fatty acid (eFA) activation and utilization play key roles in bacterial physiology and confer growth advantages by bypassing the need to make fatty acids for lipid synthesis. In Gram-positive bacteria, eFA activation and utilization is gene...
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects up to 50% of diabetes patients and is driven by hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, polyol pathway activation, advanced glycation end-product formation, and infla...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the progressive loss of lower motor neurons, weakness and muscle atrophy. ALS lacks an effective cure and diagnosis is often made by exclusion. Thus, it...
Reparative macrophage polarization and macrophage-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for ischemia-induced revascularization in peripheral artery disease (PAD). Our previous study showed that mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-relat...
Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is well-established as a negative regulator of reproductive physiology and behavior across vertebrates, acting on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis; however, recent data have also demonst...
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder. Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors commonly formed in patients with NF1. PNFs have a high incidence of developing into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) with a...
Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), a novel term for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), is associated with liver mitochondrial dysfunction. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial respiratory ca...
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