An air handling unit utilizes economizer control to reduce cooling energy consumption by intaking outdoor air (OA) at lower temperatures. This control modulates OA intake rates based on the OA temperature, adjusting to maximum and partial rates when...
Soft set theory is a mathematical tool for handling uncertainty. This paper investigates the limits of the interval type of soft sets (
The aim of this paper is to show that
Let
Airway management is central to the care of critically ill patients, yet it remains one of the most challenging interventions in emergency departments and intensive care units. Patients often present with severe physiological instability, limited car...
Background: Congenital hearing loss affects 1–3 per 1000 newborns and requires early detection to prevent developmental delays. Although Thailand implements universal screening, fragmented data systems limit effectiveness. To address this, Chia...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the world’s third most lethal cancers. In resource-limited settings (RLS), up to 70% of HCCs are diagnosed with limited curative treatments at an advanced symptomatic stage. Even when HCC is detected earl...
The emergence of high-threat pathogens—such as Ebola, Lassa fever, and most recently SARS-CoV-2—has highlighted critical weaknesses in global surveillance systems, particularly in resource-limited settings where many zoonotic spillovers o...
Given a continuous Cournot map
Remote areas with sparse population, disaster areas in the aftermath, and refugee camps all require communication that is not forthcoming from commercial vendors. Numerous communication system options are available, but with widely varying cost and e...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global health problem. Early diagnosis, rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and monitoring of viral load are the key strategies for effective HIV management. Many people in resource limited settings w...
Background/Objective: The global burden of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is rising sharply among the elderly, with a projected doubling of incidence and mortality by 2050. Given the heterogeneity of aging and the limitations of traditional performanc...
Fibrotic diseases contribute to nearly half of all deaths in industrialized countries, yet effective early detection strategies remain lacking, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to quantify the global burden of fibrosis-related...
Background: Sub-Saharan Africa suffers the greatest impact of malaria, with the 2024 Health Organization (WHO )report stating that the region represents 94% of global cases and 95% of deaths. Challenges in malaria elimination stem from weak health sy...
Affordable, sensitive, and scalable technologies are needed for monitoring antiretroviral treatment (ART) success with the goal of eradicating HIV-1 infection. This review discusses use of Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing (NGS) method...
It is difficult to collect training samples for all types of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) targets. A realistic problem comes when unseen categories exist that are not included in training and benchmark data at the time of recognition, which is defi...
Point of care (PoC) diagnostics are at the focus of government initiatives, NGOs and fundamental research alike. In high-income countries, the hope is to streamline the diagnostic procedure, minimize costs and make healthcare processes more efficient...
Background: Point of care (POC) testing has enabled rapid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in resource-limited settings with limited laboratory infrastructure and high disease burden. However, the accessibility of the tests is not optima...
Effective evaluation of cultivated land quality (CLQ) and limiting factors diagnosis is essential for sustainable land use and soil improvement. Studies on CLQ evaluation and limiting factors diagnosis have mainly focused on staple crops. However, re...
Cryptococcal disease remains a significant source of global morbidity and mortality for people living with HIV, especially in resource-limited settings. The recently updated estimate of cryptococcal disease revealed a global incidence of 223,100 case...
Identifying and managing osteosarcoma pose significant challenges, especially in resource-constrained developing nations. Advanced diagnostic methods involve isolating the nucleus from cancer cells for comprehensive analysis. However, two main challe...
Background/Objectives: Cervical cancer primarily disseminates through the lymphatic system, with the metastatic involvement of pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes significantly impacting prognosis and treatment decisions. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) map...
A conceptual artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled framework is presented in this study involving triangulation of various diagnostic methods for management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its associated comorbidities in resource-limited se...
Background/Objectives: This study investigated vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) in sickle cell disease in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo, aiming to understand the disease complexities amidst limited resources. With sickle cell hemoglobinopathie...
26 September 2025
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the first identified human retrovirus, is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The lack of effective antiviral therapies or v...
Background: Differentiating nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains challenging due to overlapping clinical features, particularly in resource-limited settings where diagnostic errors are freq...
Stationary points for four geometrically different states of methylene: bent and linear triplet methylene, bent and linear singlet methylene were investigated using the highly reliable post-HF CCSD(T) method. Extrapolations to the CCSD(T) basis set (...
Background: In many low- and middle-income countries, access to advanced cardiac biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT-pro BNP remains limited, posing challenges for early risk stratification in patients hospitalized with acute h...
Long-term creep testing is expensive and time-consuming, which makes a reliable creep curve prediction essential for the design and safety assessment of high-temperature components. This paper presents a data-driven approach using a backpropagation n...
Soil quality constitutes a fundamental foundation for maintaining soil productivity, ecological function and crop health. However, existing research on soil quality assessment and its limiting factors in Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. planting areas...
This paper introduces a two-stage protection coordination framework designed for grid-connected and islanded microgrids (MGs) that integrate distributed generations (DGs) and energy storage systems (ESSs). The first stage focuses on determining the o...
Background: We investigated the accuracy of predicting preload responsiveness by means of a passive leg raising test (PLR) using the perfusion index (PI) in critically ill patients showing signs of hypoperfusion in a resource-limited setting. Methods...
Acute severe cardiac valve emergencies, such as acute severe mitral regurgitation (AMR) and acute severe aortic regurgitation (AAR), present significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and management. Handheld point-of-care ultrasound devices have e...
Globally, an estimated 254 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, yet only 10.5% have been diagnosed, underscoring the urgent need to expand testing to meet the World Health Organization’s HBV elimination targ...
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a spectrum of several progressive disease manifestations caused by Aspergillus species in patients with underlying structural lung diseases. Duration of symptoms longer than three months distinguishes CPA from...
In this paper, we deduce a condition for a strategy S1 to be more abundant on average at equilibrium under weak selection than another strategy S2 in a population structured into a finite number of colonies of fixed proportions as the population size...
Rapid and precise methods to detect pathogens are paramount in ensuring food safety and selecting appropriate disinfection treatments. Raman spectrometry is a promising technology being investigated for detecting pathogens and achieving rapid, cultur...
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak posed a challenge for diagnostic laboratories worldwide, with low-middle income countries (LMICs) being the most affected. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold stand...
A more realistic way to describe a model is the use of intervals which contain the required values of the parameters. In practice we estimate the parameters from a set of data and it is natural that they will be in confidence intervals. In the presen...
Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) for point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) have ushered in new possibilities for medical diagnostics in low-resource settings. This review explores the current landscape of AI applications in POCUS across these...
Improving maternal health is a global priority, particularly in high HIV-endemic, resource-limited settings. Failure to use health care facilities due to poor access is one of the main causes of maternal deaths in South Africa. “Point-of-care” (POC)...
Fuzzy semantics have a wide range of applications in life, and especially when expressing people’s evaluation information, it is more specific. As people increasingly prefer to express their personal opinions through media platforms, the opinio...
The derivative-based protection criterion (
In this paper, we investigate the topological structure of the solution set to a fractional differential inclusion with delay defined on the half-line. We first prove that the solution set to the inclusion is an
This paper proposes a novel architecture of limit protection including the references governors and limit governors and applies this architecture to limit protection in turbofan engines. References governors are designed as add-on schemes to a pre-st...
It is well known fact that fixed point results are very useful for finding the solution of different types of differential equations. In this paper, some new results of multi-valued functions involving rational inequality in
Background: Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates (<1000 g) contribute significantly to global neonatal and under-five mortality, with heightened vulnerability in resource-limited settings. Objectives: The overall aim of this manuscript is to...
1 December 2018
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) constitute a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a greater burden on low- and middle-income countries. War-related injuries generally lead to large tissue defects, with a high risk of i...
In the context of choice with limited consideration, where the decision-maker may not pay attention to all available options, the consideration function of a decision maker is path-independent if her choice cannot be manipulated by the presentation o...
Substandard and falsified antimalarial medicines remain a major barrier to effective malaria treatment, particularly in resource-limited settings where accessible and reliable analytical tools are essential for medicine-quality screening. To support...
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