1,441 Results Found

The adapter protein GRB2 is central to T-cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction, yet its precise role in setting activation thresholds remains controversial. To clarify its functions, we generated stable GRB2-knockout (KO) Jurkat T-cell lines using...

Here, we investigated the relative contribution of genetic/signaling components versus microenvironmental factors to the malignancy phenotype. In this system, we took advantage of non-transformed fibroblasts that carried defined oncogenic modificatio...

Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, resulting in neutropenia and a risk of myeloid neoplasia. A mutation in a ribosome maturation factor accounts for almost all of the cases. Lymphoid involvement in SDS...

Activity recognition methods often include some hyper-parameters based on experience, which greatly affects their effectiveness in activity recognition. However, the existing hyper-parameter optimization algorithms are mostly for continuous hyper-par...

Mammalian sperm differ widely in sperm morphology, and several explanations have been presented to account for this diversity. Less is known about variation in sperm physiology and cellular processes that can give sperm cells an advantage when compet...

Previous studies demonstrated that hamster sperm hyperactivation is suppressed by extracellular Na⁺ by lowering intracellular Ca²⁺ levels, and Na⁺/Ca²⁺-exchanger (NCX) specific inhibitors canceled the suppressive effects of extracellular Na⁺. These r...

Males have evolved species-specifical sperm morphology and swimming patterns to adapt to different fertilization environments. In eutherians, only a small fraction of the sperm overcome the diverse obstacles in the female reproductive tract and succe...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second commonest type of skin cancer, and SCCs make up about 90% of head and neck cancers (HNSCCs). HNSCCs harbor two frequent molecular alterations, namely, gain-of-function alterations of phosphatidylinositol-4,...

Toxoplasma gondii is a common opportunistic protozoan pathogen that can parasitize the karyocytes of humans and virtually all other warm-blooded animals. In the host’s innate immune response to T. gondii infection, inflammasomes can mediate the...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are characterised by aberrant immunological responses leading to chronic inflammation without tissue regeneration. These two diseases are considered distinct entitie...

Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) are classified into luminal and basal subtypes showing distinct molecular features and clinical behaviour. Recent in silico data have proposed the activation on the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (S...

Global urbanization and population aging urgently require cities to adapt to support older adults’ independence and well-being. While active mobility drives health and social equity, micro-scale proximity remains under-studied. This study evalu...

In the present investigation the effects of biochar and hyper-thermal inoculum on the heavy-metal-resistant bacteria (HMRB) during livestock manure composting were studied. An experiment was performed on composting livestock manure and wheat straw am...

Background/Objectives: Older adults are vulnerable to inappropriate prescribing and polypharmacy, yet data from the United Arab Emirates are scarce. We estimated the prevalence and correlates of polypharmacy and hyper-polypharmacy among Emirati commu...

This study was designed to analyze changes in the spermatozoa of three species of Phodopus hamsters incubated under different conditions. Cauda epididymal sperm were incubated for 4 h in modified Tyrode’s medium containing albumin, lactate, pyr...

In this work, the effect of different immobilization procedures on the properties of a lipase obtained from the extremophilic microorganism Serratia sp. USBA-GBX-513, which was isolated from Paramo soils of Los Nevados National Natural Park (Colombia...

Antioxidant supplementation has been proposed as a new strategy to improve the long-term preservation of semen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Maca supplementation of semen extender on quality-related canine semen parameters duri...

Lipase Amano A from Aspergillus niger (AA-ANL) is among the most commonly applied enzymes in biocatalysis processes, making it a significant scientific subject in the pharmaceutical and medical disciplines. In this study, we investigated the lipolyti...

Attachment scholars have long argued that insecure attachment patterns are associated with vulnerability to internalizing symptoms, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. However, accumulating evidence from the past four decades, summarized in four...

Alcohol misuse is twice as prevalent among people living with HIV (PWH), and this increases the risk of pulmonary complications even in those receiving antiretroviral therapy. Our prior work showed that the alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde, activates...

Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by recurrent Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections, eczema, skeletal abnormalities and high titers of serum immunoglobulin E. Although the genetic basis...

In order to address the large percentage of unexplained male infertility in humans, more detailed investigations using sperm functional tests are needed to identify possible causes for compromised fertility. Since many environmental and lifestyle fac...

The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been shown to activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), yet the precise molecular structures driving recognition and subsequent activation remain poorly defined. Here, we present in silico structural alignments and molecu...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pro-thrombotic state that can potentially cause serious cardiovascular complications. Platelet hyperactivation plays an important role in these pathological processes, however there is little or no information on the effec...

Hyper-IgE Syndrome (HIES) is a heterogeneous group of primary immune-deficiency disorders characterized by elevated levels of IgE, eczema, and recurrent skin and lung infections. HIES that is autosomally dominant in the signal transducer and activato...

Background: Subretinal hyper-reflective material (SHRM) sometimes causes vision loss in spite of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). We evaluated the impacts of com...

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is considered one of the most dangerous air pollutants for adverse health effects, including reproductive toxicity. It is found both in male and female reproductive fluids likely affecting spermatozoa after the selection process...

Two different heterofunctional octyl-amino supports have been prepared using ethylenediamine and hexylendiamine (OCEDA and OCHDA) and utilized to immobilize five lipases (lipases A (CALA) and B (CALB) from Candida antarctica, lipases from Thermomyces...

The regulation of T cell-mediated immune responses is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune diseases. In multiple sclerosis (MS), impaired immunoregulatory control allows autoreactive T cells to persist, as effector T...

Oncogenic kinase pathways, including PI3K/AKT, RAS/ERK/MAPK and JAK/STAT, are central drivers of cancer cell proliferation, survival and metastatic potential. However, excessive activation of these pathways imposes intrinsic cellular stresses, such a...

Biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) impairment is associated with increased accumulation of oxidatively-damaged proteins along with the impairment of autophagy in the brain during neurodegenerative disorders. Reduced autophagy inhibits the clearance of mi...

We previously performed a drug screening to identify a potential inhibitor of mortalin–p53 interaction. In four rounds of screenings based on the shift in mortalin immunostaining pattern from perinuclear to pan-cytoplasmic and nuclear enrichment of p...

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute disorder characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction with typical regional wall motion abnormalities, most commonly apical ballooning. It accounts for 1–3% of all suspected acute coronary syndrom...

The GTPase Rac1 is a well-established master regulator of cell motility and invasiveness contributing to cancer metastasis. Dysregulation of the Rac1 signaling pathway, resulting in elevated motile and invasive potential, has been reported in multipl...

Current treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include partial hepatectomy (PH), where two-thirds of the liver is removed. However, when some cancer remains after PH, competition for resources and survival occurs between healthy and cancerous...

Innate immunity is essential for the anti-microbial defense, but excessive immune activation may cause severe disease. In this study, immunotherapy was shown to prevent excessive innate immune activation and restore the anti-bacterial defense. E. col...

(1) Background: Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (FHA) can be caused by the hyper activation of neuro-endocrine responses to stress. Among other endocrine factors and hypothalamic dysfunctions, the psychophysiological stress response can very frequ...

Differential evolution of apoptosis, programmed necrosis, and autophagy, parthanatos is a form of cell death mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), which is caused by DNA damage. PARP1 hyper-activation stimulates apoptosis-inducing factor...

Hyper-activated melanocytes are the major cause of skin hyper-pigmentary disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Increasing efforts have been made to search for materials with depigmenting activity to develop functional cosmetics. As a result, numer...

Regardless of the currently proposed best medical treatment for heart failure patients, the morbidity and mortality rates remain high. This is due to several reasons, including the interaction between oral cardiac drug administration and gut microbio...

We have previously demonstrated that platelet-poor plasma (PPP) obtained from patients with Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is characterized by a hypercoagulable state and contains hyperactivated platelets and considerable numbers o...

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital tools for learning. Experiential learning, a crucial process in the educational pathway, can also be promoted at a distance. This paper describes HAB, hyper-activity books and serious game...

Understanding the mechanisms of metastasis is one of the most pressing issues in cancer therapy. Metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) is an important biomarker and functional driver of tumor progression and metastasis. However, the molecul...

The synthesis of efficient and sustainable heterogeneous Pd-based catalysts has been an active field of research due to their crucial role in carbon–carbon coupling reactions. In this study, we developed a facile and eco-friendly in situ assembly tec...

Health, social, and ethical considerations highlight the need for new male contraceptives. Pimozide is an FDA approved drug known to block T-type calcium channels and which shares structural similarities with mibefradil, a proven antagonist of the Ca...

HIV-1 infects 39.5 million people worldwide, and cART is effective in preventing viral spread by reducing HIV-1 plasma viral loads to undetectable levels. However, viral reservoirs persist by mechanisms, including the inhibition of autophagy by HIV-1...

High-fat diet (HFD) intake is commonly related to a substantial risk of cognitive impairment for senior citizens over 65 years of age, which constitutes a profound global health burden with several economic and social consequences. It is critical to...

Several studies proposed the importance of zinc ion in male fertility. Here, we describe the properties, roles and cellular mechanisms of action of Zn²⁺ in spermatozoa, focusing on its involvement in sperm motility, capacitation and acrosomal exocyto...

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that involves mainly T helper (Th)17, Th1 and Th22 lymphocytes, which cause hyper-proliferation of the epidermis with aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes, and local production of chemoki...

Repeated embryo implantation failures (RIF) is a source of distress and frustration for patients and clinicians alike. Today’s approaches for treating RIF are largely empirical and have limited effectiveness. The main causes of RIF are poor end...