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286 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
24 Citations
6,948 Views
21 Pages

The management of construction and demolition waste is a critical concern for sustainable urban development and environmental conservation. In this review, the authors provides an overview of the involvement of machine learning techniques like the su...

(This article belongs to the Topic Pathways to Sustainable Construction: Innovations in New Materials, Construction Techniques, and Management Practices)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,967 Views
26 Pages

Measuring the Construction Efficiency of Zero-Waste City Clusters Based on an Undesirable Super-Efficiency Model and Kernel Density Estimation Method

  • Xuhui Cong,
  • Peikun Su,
  • Liang Wang,
  • Sai Wang and ,
  • Zhipeng Qi,
  • Jonas Šaparauskas,
  • Jarosław Górecki and
  • Miroslaw J. Skibniewski
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

14 September 2023

The global total amount of generated solid waste is currently on a rapid growth trend. China, as the largest developing country, promulgated its Pilot Work Plan for the Construction of Zero-Waste Cities led by the new development concept in 2018 afte...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainable Development and Coordinated Governance of Urban and Rural Areas under the Guidance of Ecological Wisdom)
  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
7,751 Views
20 Pages

15 September 2021

Construction waste (CW) is a prime contributor to the stream of total waste worldwide. One of the biggest challenges of the construction industry is to minimise CW and to develop practices of a more sustainable nature for its management and recycling...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Recycling 2021)
  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
9,094 Views
17 Pages

Quantification of Construction Waste in Early Design Stages Using Bim-Based Tool

  • Rocío Quiñones,
  • Carmen Llatas,
  • Maria Victoria Montes and
  • Isidro Cortés

Construction and demolition waste represents a growing environmental, social, and economic problem, and has become a priority for European and worldwide policies. The early quantification of construction waste is essential for the minimisation of its...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Circular Economy Principles to Manage Construction Waste)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,890 Views
32 Pages

24 May 2024

Construction waste is an inevitable byproduct of urban renewal, causing severe pressure on the environment, health, and ecology. Accurately estimating the production of construction waste is crucial for assessing the consumption of urban renewal. How...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Target Recognition and Change Detection for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,688 Views
25 Pages

20 November 2024

In the actual estimation of construction and demolition waste (C&DW), it is significantly relevant to effective management, design, and planning at project stages, but the lack of reliable estimation methods and historical data prevents the estim...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainability in Buildings: New Trends in the Management of Construction and Demolition Waste, 2nd Volume)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,181 Views
21 Pages

Building cost-effective homes that comply with stringent environmental regulations remains a significant challenge for the UK housebuilding sector, particularly for social housing providers. In the context of net zero targets and reducing embodied ca...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Built Environments and Cities: Innovations in Energy, Materials, and Control Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
7,639 Views
14 Pages

1 September 2016

Due to the increasing costs of construction waste disposal, an accurate estimation of the amount of construction waste is a key factor in a project’s success. Korea has been burdened by increasing construction waste as a consequence of the growing nu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability in Solid Waste Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,676 Views
14 Pages

Generalised Linear Modelling for Construction Waste Estimation in Residential Projects: Case Study in New Zealand

  • Niluka Domingo,
  • Heshani M. Edirisinghe,
  • Ravindu Kahandawa and
  • Gayan Wedawatta

27 February 2024

Construction waste is a global problem, including in New Zealand where it makes up 40–50% of landfill waste. Accurately measuring construction waste is crucial to reduce its impact on New Zealand’s landfills and meet carbon targets. Waste...

(This article belongs to the Section Waste and Recycling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
9,495 Views
16 Pages

Great efforts have been exerted in reducing carbon emissions in design, construction and operation stages. However, little attention is paid to the quantification of carbon emissions in construction waste recycling at the end-of-life stage. This stud...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Treatment, Biohazards, and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
3,396 Views
25 Pages

21 August 2022

There has been a significant increase in construction and demolition (C&D) waste due to the growth of cities and the need for new construction, raising concerns about the impact on the environment of these wastes. By utilising recycled C&D wa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Optimization Methods in Construction Industry)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,097 Views
8 Pages

Building Information Modeling (BIM) Application in Construction Waste Quantification—A Review

  • Usman Aftab,
  • Farrokh Jaleel,
  • Mughees Aslam,
  • Muhammad Haroon and
  • Rafiq Mansoor

20 September 2024

The construction industry is known for poor performance, low productivity, high waste generation, and for lagging in the adoption of new technology. A high rate of material wastage in construction projects has economic and environmental implications...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering (ICAME-24))
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,874 Views
18 Pages

Waste Generation Predictions and On-Site Waste Management: A Danish Perspective

  • Søren Munch Lindhard,
  • Simon Wyke,
  • Hadi Mahami,
  • Seyyed Saeed Vaezzadeh and
  • Kjeld Svidt

26 February 2023

Multiple methodologies exist for the calculation, estimation, and simulation of waste generation in the construction industry as means for planning and conducting waste management. The reliability and usability of such methods has, nonetheless, not p...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Engineering and Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,478 Views
14 Pages

24 June 2021

Construction waste generation along with the extensive consumption of natural resources has propelled researchers to investigate effective measures for minimising the waste. While several studies have shown that the structural design would be an infl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
102 Citations
25,143 Views
21 Pages

Quantifying Advantages of Modular Construction: Waste Generation

  • Loizos Loizou,
  • Khalegh Barati,
  • Xuesong Shen and
  • Binghao Li

7 December 2021

The construction industry is a significant source of waste generation in any economy, producing various greenhouse gases, releasing harmful substances into the natural environment, and requiring large areas of land for processing, treatment, and land...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,965 Views
25 Pages

An Analytical Review of Construction and Demolition Waste Management and Quantification Methods Using a Science Mapping Approach

  • Weihan Sun,
  • Quddus Tushar,
  • Guomin Zhang,
  • Andy Song and ,
  • Lei Hou,
  • Jingxuan Zhang and
  • Shuxi Wang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) management remains a pressing challenge in the construction industry, contributing significantly to environmental degradation and resource depletion. Accurate waste measurement is essential for improving resour...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
11,567 Views
17 Pages

Evaluation of Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Kuwait

  • Mohammed Baqer Hasan Almusawi,
  • Ahmad Tarmizi Bin Abd Karim and
  • Saleem Ethaib

24 November 2022

This research aimed to evaluate Kuwait’s current construction and demolition waste (C&D waste) situation by focusing on C&D waste generation and management issues. This work also investigated the causes and factors affecting C&D was...

  • Article
  • Open Access
78 Citations
18,594 Views
22 Pages

Modeling of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) for Sustainable Construction Waste Reduction: A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)

  • Musa Mohammed,
  • Nasir Shafiq,
  • Ali Elmansoury,
  • Al-Baraa Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi and ,
  • Ehab Farouk Rached,
  • Noor Amila Zawawi,
  • Abdulrahman Haruna,
  • Aminu Darda’u Rafindadi and
  • Muhammad Bello Ibrahim
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

25 September 2021

There is a lack of awareness and knowledge among the Malaysian construction industry about waste management reduction. Numerous nations worldwide have understood and have incorporated the concept of the 3R (reduce, reuse, and recycle) in waste manage...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Appropriate Wisdom, Technology, and Management toward Environmental Sustainability for Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,416 Views
15 Pages

Design and Validation of a Mobile Application for Construction and Demolition Waste Traceability

  • Paola Villoria Sáez,
  • Miguel Antonio Barbero-Álvarez,
  • César Porras-Amores,
  • Marina Álvarez Alonso and
  • Álvaro García Torres

Many studies have developed technologies intended to automate the process toward improving sustainability and achieving a circular economy in the construction industry. Despite some research works that have been recently conducted to help constructio...

(This article belongs to the Collection Construction Management – Future Innovations, Methods, Techniques and Technologies)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
961 Views
21 Pages

18 May 2026

While there is some agreement on estimating construction cost contingency for “known unknowns,” there is little consensus on estimating management reserves for “unknown unknowns.” Definitions of risk and uncertainty also diffe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
94 Citations
9,537 Views
15 Pages

27 February 2020

The construction industry consumes an enormous amount of global resources and produces more waste than any other sector. The need to move toward sustainable development in construction requires significant changes in construction and demolition (C&am...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progresses and New Strategies on Recycled Materials and Reused Components for Sustainable Civil Infrastructures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,532 Views
29 Pages

12 August 2025

Accurate information on waste composition is essential for strategic planning in waste management and developing environmental technologies. However, detailed analyses of individual waste containers are both time- and cost-intensive, resulting in a l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,548 Views
20 Pages

Estimating Demolition Waste Recoverable Fractions in Rapidly Transforming Urban Zones

  • Aslan Nauyryzbay,
  • Aiganym Kumisbek,
  • Arna Amangeldiyeva,
  • Jong Ryeol Kim and
  • Mert Guney

30 October 2025

The construction sector is a major contributor to global solid waste generation, with demolition waste posing substantial environmental and economic challenges. The present study introduces a demolition waste estimation tool and applies it to a rapid...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy Strategies for Waste Management: Innovations in Resource Recovery and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,287 Views
17 Pages

Quantifying Recycled Construction and Demolition Waste for Use in 3D-Printed Concrete

  • Wibke De Villiers,
  • Mwiti Mwongo,
  • Adewumi John Babafemi and
  • Gideon Van Zijl

Despite extensive regulations, the systemic under-reporting of construction and demolition waste generation rates pervades the South African waste sector due to the extensive and active informal waste management practices that are typical of developi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management in Eco-Materials, Industrial Residues and Construction and Demolition Waste)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,235 Views
40 Pages

19 December 2025

With the rapid development of the global urbanization process, the resource utilization of construction waste has become one of the core issues of the development of a circular economy and has been widely concerned by the international community. How...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,883 Views
24 Pages

18 February 2025

As urbanization and construction activities in China continue to accelerate, the management of construction waste has become crucial. This study comprehensively investigated the current status and challenges in construction waste management in China....

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,191 Views
13 Pages

Assessing Plastic Waste Discharges into the Sea in Indonesia: An Integrated High-Resolution Modeling Approach That Accounts for Hydrology and Local Waste Handling Practices

  • Joana Mira Veiga,
  • Bastien van Veen,
  • Lora Buckman,
  • Jos van Gils and ,
  • Dhanang Tri Wuriyandoko,
  • Caroline van der Sluys,
  • Kate Philp and
  • Anjali Acharya
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

15 March 2023

Plastic litter is increasingly accumulating in the marine environment, with rivers considered key pathways for entry. Current estimations of plastic input into the sea from land-based sources are limited in accounting for the mobilization and transpo...

(This article belongs to the Section Water Quality and Contamination)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,348 Views
16 Pages

Quantifying the Carbon Reduction Potential of Recycling Construction Waste Based on Life Cycle Assessment: A Case of Jiangsu Province

  • Hongmei Liu,
  • Rong Guo,
  • Junjie Tian,
  • Honghao Sun and ,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Haiyan Li and
  • Lu Yao
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

The recycling of construction waste is key to reducing waste generation and CO2 emissions. This study aimed to develop a quantitative model for analyzing the carbon reduction potential of recycling construction, demolition, and renovation waste (CDRW...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Treatment, Biohazards, and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,500 Views
17 Pages

Retention of Pollutants Elements from Mine Tailings of Lead in Geopolymers for Construction

  • Juan María Terrones-Saeta,
  • Jorge Suárez-Macías,
  • Ana María Castañón,
  • Fernando Gómez-Fernández and
  • Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias

18 October 2021

The construction sector is one of the most demanding sectors of raw materials in existence today. As a consequence, the extraction of these materials has a significant impact on the environment. At the same time, mining activities produce a series of...

(This article belongs to the Section Construction and Building Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
7,240 Views
34 Pages

Component-Based Model for Building Material Stock and Waste-Flow Characterization: A Case in the Île-de-France Region

  • Rafaela Tirado,
  • Adélaïde Aublet,
  • Sylvain Laurenceau,
  • Mathieu Thorel and ,
  • Mathilde Louërat and
  • Guillaume Habert
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

27 November 2021

Building demolition is one of the main sources of waste generation in urban areas and is a growing problem for cities due to the generated environmental impacts. To promote high levels of circular economy, it is necessary to better understand the was...

(This article belongs to the Section Resources and Sustainable Utilization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
641 Views
29 Pages

Construction and Demolition Waste as an Urban Mining Resource in Fez, Morocco: A Spatio-Temporal Assessment Coupling Field Surveys, Permit Data, and Material Flow Analysis

  • Yasmine Boukhlouf,
  • Mohammed Benabdelhadi,
  • Hassan Tabyaoui,
  • Abderrahim Lahrach and ,
  • Abdallah Oulmekki,
  • Maryame El-Yazidi,
  • Zineb El Attar Soufi and
  • Omar Kassou
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Construction and demolition waste is one of the most voluminous yet poorly managed waste streams in developing cities, and Fez, Morocco, is no exception. With over 1.2 million inhabitants and an expanding construction sector, the city produces large...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,273 Views
26 Pages

Construction and Demolition Waste Minimization and Material Valorization Through a Five-Pillar Management Plan: Evidence from Santiago, Chile

  • Pedro Palominos,
  • Ariel Leikin,
  • Guillermo Fuertes,
  • Manuel Vargas and ,
  • Luis Quezada and
  • Gustavo Gatica
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

24 February 2026

In the context of Latin American cities, the management of construction and demolition waste constitutes a strategic challenge. Rapid urban growth and the constrained capacity of disposal sites are generating escalating environmental, social, and eco...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development: Recycling and Reuse of Waste Materials in the Construction Industry—2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
5,821 Views
12 Pages

23 June 2020

The output of construction and demolition (C&D) waste in China has been rapidly increasing in the past decades. The direct landfill of such construction and demolition waste without any treatment accounts for about 98%. Therefore, recycling and u...

(This article belongs to the Section Resources and Sustainable Utilization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
9,261 Views
21 Pages

24 May 2018

Although Indonesians have for many years used wood to build traditional houses, currently it is difficult to find new traditional houses made from wood. Since wood is too expensive for local people, concrete becomes the major construction material in...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Materials and Manufacturing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
5,710 Views
21 Pages

13 August 2022

The built environment is accountable for a substantial share of global waste production. Construction and demolition (C&D) debris requires significant landfill areas and costs billions of USD. A circular economy (CE) is a business model that prom...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Buildings—from Cradle to Grave)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,012 Views
22 Pages

The aim of this article was to conduct a spatial and territorial analysis of the urban mining potential of the European Metropolis of Lille (MEL), which had 1,174,273 inhabitants in 2018. This involved quantifying construction and demolition waste (C...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineral Resource Management 2023: Assessment, Mining and Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
425 Views
16 Pages

26 May 2026

Decoration waste, because of its complex composition and the presence of volatile toxic and hazardous substances, has always been a difficult point in the management of urban construction waste. And with the continuous expansion of the town scale, th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
247 Views
27 Pages

Influence of CO2-Mineralised Alkaline Waste Materials on the Chloride Ingress Resistance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials

  • María Victoria Paredes,
  • Ana Guerrero,
  • Ana María Moreno de los Reyes,
  • Javier Sánchez and ,
  • Julio Torres,
  • Jaime Moreno-Juez,
  • Moisés Frías and
  • Milica Vidak Vasić
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

16 October 2026

Using CO2-mineralised alkaline waste as a supplementary cementitious material has the potential to advance sustainable construction practices. This paper evaluates the effect of carbonating three fine industrial waste materials—construction and...

(This article belongs to the Section Construction and Building Materials)
  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
9,541 Views
23 Pages

11 November 2021

The construction industry’s current dependence on primary aggregates is unsustainable as these are non-renewable resources and the consumption of these materials has a high environmental impact. The global annual production of primary aggregates is e...

(This article belongs to the Topic Recycling and Value-Added Utilization of Secondary Raw Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,438 Views
12 Pages

Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials Obtained with Clay Matrices and Plant Waste Inserts

  • Elena Surdu,
  • Radu Iatan,
  • Petru Cardei,
  • Nicoleta Sporea and ,
  • Dana-Claudia Farcas-Flamaropol and
  • Ion Durbaca
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

24 March 2025

In a global context where sustainability is becoming a priority in construction, this paper analyzes the use of composite materials based on clay and plant waste, offering an ecological alternative to conventional materials. This article analyzes the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
7,832 Views
29 Pages

Management Assessment and Future Projections of Construction and Demolition Waste Generation in Hai Phong City, Vietnam

  • Kien Ton Tong,
  • Ngoc Tan Nguyen,
  • Giang Hoang Nguyen,
  • Tomonori Ishigaki and
  • Ken Kawamoto

5 August 2022

Along with economic development, urbanization will generate a large amount of solid waste and put pressure on the waste management systems in developing countries. Face-to-face interview methods were used to investigate the current status of construc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Regeneration: Issues and Challenges for Buildings and Cities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,629 Views
20 Pages

27 June 2023

Smart management of construction and demolition (C&D) waste is imperative, and researchers have implemented machine learning for estimating waste generation. In Korea, the management of demolition waste (DW) is important due to old buildings, and...

(This article belongs to the Section Waste and Recycling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,509 Views
14 Pages

Diavik Waste Rock Project: Geostatistical Analysis of Sulfur, Carbon, and Hydraulic Conductivity Distribution in a Large-Scale Experimental Waste Rock Pile

  • David Wilson,
  • Leslie Smith,
  • Colleen Atherton,
  • Lianna J. D. Smith and ,
  • Richard T. Amos,
  • David R. Barsi,
  • David C. Sego and
  • David W. Blowes
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

3 May 2022

One of the large-scale field waste rock experiments (test piles) conducted as part of the Diavik Waste Rock Project was deconstructed, providing a spatially located set of geochemical, mineralogical, and particle-size distribution samples. Geostatist...

(This article belongs to the Section Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,508 Views
17 Pages

Parametric Stock Flow Modelling of Historical Building Typologies

  • Kristoffer Negendahl,
  • Alexander Barholm-Hansen and
  • Rune Andersen

10 September 2022

While the construction sector is a major consumer of new raw materials, it also contributes largely to waste generation. Therefore, improved estimates of demolition waste and the identification of components and materials for reuse or recycling are a...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,610 Views
16 Pages

Assessing Durability Properties and Economic Potential of Shellfish Aquaculture Waste in the Construction Industry: A Circular Economy Perspective

  • Begoña Peceño,
  • José Bakit,
  • Niris Cortes,
  • Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas and ,
  • Enzo Bonilla and
  • Carlos Leiva
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

8 July 2022

The construction industry’s high demand for natural resources, combined with the waste generated by agriculture, creates an opportunity for the circular economy. This experiment used the CaCO3 found in scallop shells as an ingredient for the ma...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy from the Perspective of Technology and Management for Waste)
  • Article
  • Open Access
57 Citations
14,624 Views
23 Pages

Multi-Scenario Model of Plastic Waste Accumulation Potential in Indonesia Using Integrated Remote Sensing, Statistic and Socio-Demographic Data

  • Anjar Dimara Sakti,
  • Aprilia Nidia Rinasti,
  • Elprida Agustina,
  • Hanif Diastomo and ,
  • Fickrie Muhammad,
  • Zuzy Anna and
  • Ketut Wikantika
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

As a significant contributor of plastic waste to the marine environment, Indonesia is striving to construct a national strategy for reducing plastic debris. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to create a model for plastic waste quantity originat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geomatic Applications to Coastal Research: Challenges and New Developments)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,975 Views
17 Pages

Assessment of the Applicability of Waste Concrete Fine Powder as a Raw Material for Cement Clinker

  • Sangchul Shin,
  • Geonwoo Kim,
  • Jinman Kim,
  • Haseog Kim and
  • Sungyu Park

1 February 2025

The cement industry is responsible for a significant portion of global CO2 emissions, primarily due to the decarbonatization of limestone during clinker production. To mitigate this environmental impact, this study investigated the feasibility of usi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,867 Views
29 Pages

Economic Inefficiency Levels of Urban Solid Waste Management Services in Portugal

  • Diogo Cunha Ferreira,
  • Rui Cunha Marques,
  • Maria Isabel Pedro and
  • Carolina Amaral

20 May 2020

Key performance indicators (KPI) are widely used tools to evaluate the economic (in)efficiency of services, including the ones devoted to urban solid waste management. Regulatory exercises are, then, mostly based on the outputs from KPIs, raising som...

(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,229 Views
17 Pages

29 September 2025

Recently, there has been a surge in the popularity of renewable energy systems due to their lucrative and sustainable attributes. Among these, photovoltaic (PV) systems stand out as prominent examples. Nevertheless, it is imperative to ascertain the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Future: Circular Economy and Green Industry)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
7 Citations
16,132 Views
8 Pages

Manufacturing of Low-Cost Bricks Using Waste Materials

  • Kalaimani Ramakrishnan,
  • Vigneshkumar Chellappa and
  • Subha Chandrasekarabarathi

Bricks consume a massive quantity of clay. Using clay bricks causes erosion, lowers the water table, and harms the environment. This research examined various waste materials, including fly ash, quarry dust, marble dust, eggshell powder (ESP), and ri...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference)

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