172,549 Results Found

Dissolved CO₂ in karst water is the key driving force of karstification. Replenishment of CO₂ concentrations in karst water occurs by meteoric water that percolates through the vadose zone, where CO₂ produced from microbial activity is dissolved. CO₂...

Constant-specified and exponential concentration inequalities play an essential role in the finite-sample theory of machine learning and high-dimensional statistics area. We obtain sharper and constants-specified concentration inequalities for the su...

The present study aimed to compare serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations of Japanese Black (JB) breeding cows in both clinically normal and diseased cows diagnosed by veterinarians using modified latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay (LATIA) t...

Imatinib plasma trough concentrations are associated with efficacy for patients treated for advanced or metastatic KIT-positive gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). This relationship has not been studied for patients treated in the neoadjuvant s...

The fatigue life curves of materials are very sensitive to the magnitude of the stress amplitude. A small change or inaccuracy in the determination of the stress value causes large changes or inaccuracies in the calculated fatigue life estimate. Ther...

Tacrolimus (TAC) has a narrow therapeutic index and highly variable pharmacokinetic characteristics. Close monitoring of the TAC concentrations is required in order to avoid the risk of acute rejection or adverse drug reaction. The results in some st...

Increased salinity caused by saltwater intrusion or runoff from de-icing salts can severely affect freshwater vegetation and deteriorate aquatic ecosystems. These habitats can be restored with freshwater ecotypes (locally adapted populations) that to...

Particulate matter (PM) is an essential source of atmospheric pollution in metropolitan areas since it has adverse effects on human health. However, previous research suggested wetlands can remove particulate matter from the atmosphere to land surfac...

With the increasingly serious eutrophication of inland water, the frequency and scope of harmful cyanobacteria blooms are increasing, which affects the ecological balance and endangers human health. The aim of this study was to propose an alternative...

Air pollution poses serious challenges for human health and wellbeing. It also affects atmospheric visibility and contributes to climate change. As social and economic processes have increased, anthropogenic PM_2.5 pollution caused by intensive human...

To tackle the low-accuracy problem with analyzing urine component concentrations in real time, a fully automated dipstick analysis device of urine dry chemistry was designed, and a prediction method combining an image acquisition system with a whale...

We estimated fine-mode black carbon (BC) concentrations at the surface using AERONET data from five AERONET sites in Korea, representing urban, rural, and background. We first obtained the columnar BC concentrations by separating the refractive index...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is an important air pollutant with both environmental and epidemiological effects. The main aim of this study is to analyze spatial patterns and temporal trends in tropospheric NO₂ concentrations globally using data from the sa...

The kinetic process of the excited state population of Nd³⁺ ion in Nd: CaY_0.9Gd_0.1AlO₄ (Nd: CYGA) crystal were studied in detail to estimate the optimal doping concentration, which maximize ~1 μm fluorescence emission from the ⁴F_3/2 state to the ⁴...

Estimating long-term exposure to indoor radon is necessary to determine the effects of indoor radon exposure on health. However, measuring long-term exposure to radon is labor intensive and costly. While developing models for estimating indoor radon...

Background: Klotho is widely recognized as a protein that combats aging and possesses antioxidative characteristics, which have been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. There is emerging evidence suggesting that the consumption of...

Long-term exposure to high radon concentration exerts pathological effects and elicits changes in respiratory function, increasing an individual’s risk of developing lung cancer. In health risk assessment of indoor radon, consideration of long-...

This study examines the effect of inoculum (0.5–3 g/L) and substrate concentration (40–200 g/L) on butyric acid and biohydrogen production by batch dark fermentation at 37 °C. Clostridium pasteurianum DSM525 and Cheese Whey Powder (CW...

Predictions of environmental concentrations of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are needed for their environmental risk assessment. Because analytical data on ENM-concentrations in the environment are not yet available, exposure modeling represents the...

Clays consist of fine particles (clay minerals) which under certain conditions can be dispersed in water, forming a fairly stable dispersion. The stability of the clay mineral dispersions depends on the pH, solid/liquid ratio, and most of all on the...

A lot of effort has been dedicated recently to provide a better insight into the mechanism of the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) colloidal suspensions and their released silver ionic counterparts. However, there is no consiste...

Platelet granules contain a diverse group of proteins. Upon activation and during storage, platelets release a number of proteins into the circulation or supernatant of stored platelet concentrate (PC). The aim of this work was to investigate the eff...

Ground-level ozone concentration is a key indicator of air quality. Theremay exist sudden changes in ozone concentration data over a long time horizon, which may be caused by the implementation of government regulations and policies, such as establis...

In March 2013, increased ⁷Be activity concentrations in the atmosphere were observed for successive days in Dazaifu, western Japan. The daily ⁷Be activity concentration ranged from 0.93 to 14 mBq/m³, with a monthly average of 8.3 mBq/m³. This average...

The influence of elevated CO₂ concentrations on the growth and viability of various microalgae strains was studied. Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella ellipsoidea, Chlorella vulgaris, Gloeotila pulchra, and Elliptochloris subsphaerica were tested. The...

The concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the air along a major route in a large city is affected by very many factors, which are also interdependent. As an alternative to complicated deterministic models based on these complex processes, in this stud...

Ammonia (NH₃) is an unregulated atmospheric gaseous pollutant in ambient air, involved in the formation of fine particles. Ammonia is therefore a major precursor of particulate matter (PM), the health effects of which have been widely demonstrated. N...

To promote the sustainable use of land resources and improve air pollution control, this study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of industrial land development and the heterogeneity of PM_2.5 concentrations across regions. Based on national lan...

The effect of high doses of vitamin C for the treatment of cancer has been controversial. Our previous studies, and studies by others, have reported that vitamin C at concentrations of 0.25–1.0 mM induced a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of prol...

Accurate simulation and assimilation of CO₂ concentrations are of great significance for global carbon cycle research, carbon emission monitoring, and climate policy formulation. In this study, we conducted simulation and assimilation of CO₂ concentr...

This study applied various machine learning techniques, including shrinkage methods, XGBoost, CSR, and random forest, to forecast ultrafine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in Seoul, South Korea. The analysis incorporated key variables known...

In the quantification model of emission intensity of emission sources, the estimation of the background concentration of greenhouse gases near an emission source is an important problem. The traditional method of estimating the background concentrati...

Polarimeters are useful instruments that measure concentrations of optically active substances in a given solution. The conventional polarimetric principle consists of measuring the rotation angle of linearly polarized light. Here, we present a novel...

We present here the first cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration profiles derived from measurements with the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation...

Frequent air pollution due to urbanization poses a severe threat to urban environments. In this study, the effects of urban landscapes on pollutant concentrations at different spatial and temporal scales are examined using “3S” technology...

Based on the dust concentration data and meteorological environment data monitored at the open-pit mine site, the characteristics of dust concentration and the influence of temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and other meteorological cond...

Entomological radar is one of the most effective tools for monitoring insect migration, capable of detecting migratory insects concentrated in layers and facilitating the analysis of insect migration behavior. However, traditional entomological radar...

High concentrations of hydrogen isotopes have been observed at the ends of CANDU Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes in the region associated with the rolled joints with 403 stainless steel end fittings. These concentrations are above current regulatory limits,...

Rapid industrialization and population growth have elevated the concerns over water quality. Excessive nitrates and phosphates in the water system have an adverse effect on the aquatic ecosystem. In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have...

In this study, we examine and assess the potential impact of diesel engine age on the levels of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in school buses. The concentration of air pollutants is influenced by several factors, including the technical characteris...

Air pollution, which accompanies industrial progression and urbanization, has become an urgent issue to address in contemporary society. As a result, our understanding and continued study of the spatial-temporal characteristics of a major pollutant,...

A measurement system for the detection of a low concentration of nanoparticles based on optical microcavities with whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) is developed and investigated. A novel method based on the WGM broadening allows us to increase the pre...

This paper introduces novel research in aquaphotomics, extending the study of water–light interactions to the visible spectral range. This approach can potentially reduce the cost and increase the speed of spectral measurements, while providing addit...

The present study estimated area concentrations of airborne benzene in several workshops using Bayesian methods based on available historical measurements. A rubber products factory utilizing benzene was investigated. Historical measurements of benze...

In order to explore the indoor air quality during different cooking procedures, a very common kitchen in China is selected for experimental research. An indoor air quality meter is used to measure the temperature, relative humidity, and CO and CO₂ co...

This paper analyses surface ozone measurements at five stations in an urban area (Valladolid) in the upper Spanish plateau over the period 2002–2020. Temporal evolutions, the relationship between ozone and other pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, an...

Tension-compression (T-C) fatigue response is one of the important design criteria for carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) material, as well as stress concentration. Hence, the objective of the current study is to investigate and quantify the stre...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of shallow lakes on reactive, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the river water and analyse the effect of changes in water retention in lake on nutrient concentrations in river waters. Th...

Air pollution, especially the synergistic pollution of PM_2.5 and O₃, poses a severe threat to human life and production. The synergistic formation mechanism of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution is relatively confirmed, while research on their spatiotemporal syn...

Numerous studies have revealed a negative correlation between the body size and temperature among a variety of aquatic ectotherms. Many studies at individual and population levels indicated that this mechanism may be explained by the decrease of comp...