The formation and reestablishment of bed structural properties in the static armor layer is an important research subject. To address this issue, we conducted a series of static armor layer experiments in a laboratory flume that focused on formation...
Armor composite structures have attracted interest in structural health monitoring (SHM) for their applications in damage localization. The signal propagation and the frequency dispersion features of the Lamb wave signal on thick armor composite stru...
Designing armor units that can withstand harsh marine environments while remaining cost-effective is a central challenge in modern breakwater engineering. This study introduces a newly designed artificial armor unit and evaluates its performance in c...
Antireflection surfaces play an indispensable role in modern optics, with extensive applications covering optical windows and other precision optical components. The fabrication of anti-reflection surfaces frequently relies on micro/nano-structuring...
When the power-frequency short-circuit current flows through the armor rods segment on an overhead ground wire (OGW), the OGW at the segment may experience fracture failure due to high temperatures. Consequently, it is necessary to optimize the struc...
Mound breakwaters with significant overtopping rates in depth-limited conditions are common in practice due to social concern about the visual impact of coastal structures and sea level rise due to climatic change. For overtopped mound breakwaters, t...
In this paper, the ballistic damage mechanism and residual bearing capacity of ceramic/backing plate armor were investigated. First, a series of lightweight armors were prepared, consisting of ceramic and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibe...
In this paper, we present a new stress calculation method for flexible structures, particularly, tensile armors, and apply it to flexible riser fatigue analysis. The method is based on a 3-dimensional curved bar theory. First, the tensile armor cente...
A newly developed friction-interlocking armor unit called the ‘Double cube’ (DC) was designed to improve the performance of a concrete armor unit used in river/marine structures against currents/waves actions. The DC unit is an octagonal-...
Aluminum alloy corrosion resistance could be improved by micro-nanostructures on superhydrophobic surfaces, but inadequate mechanical stability remains a bottleneck concern in the sector. Herein, femtosecond laser processing and spray modification te...
The work proposes the use of aluminum oxide-based ceramic objects with a TPMS-Q-surface geometry as elements of armor structures. The samples were produced using the SLA-DLP 3D printing method. The main properties of the sample were determined using...
The application of superamphiphobic coatings improves the surface’s ability to repel fluids, thereby greatly enhancing its various functions, including anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, anti-bacterial, and self-cleaning properties. This...
Auxetic structures (AXSs) are a novel class of materials with unique mechanical deformation behavior associated with negative Poisson ratio. The combination of AXS configurations with various types of materials has unveiled a wide field of applicatio...
Electrothermal superhydrophobic surfaces are regarded as possessing significant potential in anti-icing applications. However, their limited mechanical durability has constrained practical implementation. Herein, this work fabricated a robust electro...
Laminated ceramics with weak interface layers have been proven to be effective in toughening ceramics. The energy absorption ability of laminated ceramics may also benefit their ballistic performance. However, the effect of the layer structure on the...
The material properties and structural characteristics of ballistic composites are crucial to their ballistic performance. A numerical model of a 1.1 g FSP penetrating a UHMWPE target plate was established in this paper. The numerical results show th...
Ceramic panel collapse will easily lead to the failure of traditional targets. One strategy to solve this problem is to use separate ceramic units as armor panels. Based on this idea, we propose an aluminum matrix composite using pressure infiltratio...
The bilayer composite ceramic armor is widely used in the world, while the protection efficiency of the armor ceramic in it still confuses researchers. This study applied a numerical simulation method to produce a general equation that describes the...
The design and multi-objective optimization of auxetic sandwich panels (ASPs) are performed to enhance the blastworthiness of armored fighting vehicles (AFVs). Various metastructures in the form of four auxetic geometries are proposed as the sandwich...
The ballistic capabilities of composite metal foam (CMF) armors were experimentally tested against a 14.5 × 114 mm B32 armor-piercing incendiary (API) and compared to various sizes of armor-piercing (AP) ballistic threats, ranging from a 7.62 to 12.7...
In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed to predict the stability number of breakwater armor stones based on the experimental data reported by Van der Meer in 1988. The harmony search (HS) algorithm is used to determine th...
This research delves into the design, modeling, and finite element impact analysis of the segmented sandwich composite armor system subjected to impact loading, considering different parameters such as materials to be used, armor height, and armor de...
The ballistic response of armor has been widely used to evaluate its feasibility and advantages as a protective structure. To obtain the ballistic performance and ballistic limitations of composite armor, a type of ultra–high molecular weight p...
Ceramic armor with improved ballistic performance, lower weight, and, in specific cases, complex geometry is of high importance for the armor integrators and users. The combination of a high level of consolidation and the tailored heterogeneous struc...
In this study, the ballistic impact behavior of auxetic sandwich composite human body armor was analyzed using finite element analysis. The auxetic core of the armor was composed of discrete re-entrant unit cells. The sandwich armor structure consist...
Additive manufacturing has promising potential for the development of 3D-printed protective structures such as stab-resistant body armor. However, no research to date has examined the impact of 3D printing parameters on the protective performance of...
The ballistic performance of the armor against the projectile impact is affected by the armor configuration. This work investigates the ballistic performance of alumina-aluminum armor impacted by a 20 mm armor-piercing projectile using simulation. A...
Three-dimensional (3D) woven composites have attracted much attention in the lightweight research of protective armor due to their high specific strength and good impact resistance. However, there are still many gaps in terms of the performance and i...
This article deals with the ballistic impact of the 7.62 mm FMJ M80 rifle projectile into the laminated Twaron/UHMWPE composite armor. The armor composition consisted of composite panels made from Twaron CT 747 para-aramid fabric and ultra-high-molec...
Armor damage due to wave attack is the principal failure mode to be considered when designing conventional mound breakwaters. Armor layers of mound breakwaters are typically designed using formulas in the literature for non-overtopped mound breakwate...
Although polyurea has attracted extensive attention in impact mitigation due to its protective characteristics during intensive loading, the ballistic performance of polyurea-reinforced ceramic/metal armor remains unclear. In the present study, polyu...
The high-resolution observation data from June 2019, Argo data from 1997 to 2019, and the multi-observation ARMOR 3D dataset from 1993 to 2019 were used to study the three-dimensional (3D) structural characteristics of the mesoscale cyclonic eddy (CE...
Oblique ceramic armor structure composed of an oblique part and a backing part was designed to resist the ballistic impact of long rod penetrators. The front part consisted of an oblique silicon carbide ceramic and a triangular titanium alloy prism....
The armor layer is one of the core components of flexible risers. It provides essential mechanical properties such as tensile strength, pressure resistance, and torsional performance, which are necessary for operation in complex marine environments....
The horizontal wave pressure on the front wall of the caisson protected by armor blocks on the rubble-mounted core is investigated by carrying out physical experiments. There have been few previous studies regarding this type of structure, and the ch...
Armor stability formulas for mound breakwaters are commonly based on 2D small-scale physical tests conducted in non-overtopping and non-breaking conditions. However, most of the breakwaters built around the world are located in breaking or partially-...
The reptile skin is a barrier against water loss and pathogens and an armor for mechanical damages. The integument of reptiles consists of two main layers: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis, the hard cover of the body which has an armor-lik...
The single-core alternating current (AC) submarine cable can be provided with an outer sheath that is firmly grounded on both ends of the cable. The circulating currents of the outer sheath are generated to be almost as large as the conductor current...
Wind is a significant factor influencing the stability of breakwater armor stones. However, few existing studies have considered the effects of wind on these structures. In this study, two-dimensional laboratory experiments were conducted to examine...
Steel tape armored multicore cables are critical components in the transmission and distribution of power in medium- and low-voltage networks. It is difficult to measure current in the individual conductors of multicore cables because they are enclos...
The automotive armoring industry, which protects against ballistic attacks, lacks studies regarding damage to the human body during a collision. In this work, we study the mass changes in a vehicle undergoing a level III armored process, through a nu...
Even though natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) have been widely used in automotive and building industries, there is still a room to promote them to high-level structural applications such as primary structural component specificall...
The three-dimensional (3D) shallow cross-bending composite material has many advantages in thickness and in-plane direction, such as high strength, high modulus, inter-layer shear strength, as well as large-area area bearing, energy absorption, etc.,...
The Van der Meer formulae for quarry rock armor stability are commonly used in breakwater design. The formulae describe the stability as a function of the wave characteristics, number of waves, front slope angle and rock material properties. The latt...
To address the engineering challenges of powertrain excitation noise and aggravated low-frequency interior noise caused by armored structures in special-purpose vehicles, this study proposes an in-vehicle acoustic response analysis method based on vi...
This study presents an investigation of the factors (driven by coupled multi-factor corrosion mechanisms) which contribute to the degradation of the spirally wound armored steel wires used to protect core-structured, unarmored optical-fiber submarine...
Today, distributed optical fiber sensors are widely used in structural health monitoring due to their high sensitivity and long-distance applicability. However, when embedded in pavement structures, distributed optical fiber sensors are always instal...
Ceramic/fiber composite armor is a hot research topic of bulletproof equipment. The lightweight design of ceramic materials and structures has attracted much attention. In this work, in the light of the remarkable performance of ceramic against elast...
The Chengyang City (城阳城) site in Xinyang, Henan Province, China, was a significant northern military stronghold of the Chu state during the Warring States period (475/403–221 BCE). The lacquered armor unearthed from Tomb M1...
The present work aims at presenting an approach on implementing appropriate mitigation measures for the upgrade of rubble mound breakwaters protecting harbors and/or marinas against increasing future marine hazards and related escalating exposure to...
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