At airports, security officers (screeners) inspect X-ray images of passenger baggage in order to prevent threat items (bombs, guns, knives, etc.) from being brought onto an aircraft. Because threat items rarely occur, many airports use a threat-image...
Due to the contrast of X-ray images being low, significant elements including organs, bones, and nodules are very difficult to identify, so contrast enhancement is necessary. In this paper, an X-ray image enhancement algorithm based on adaptive gradi...
Hand X-ray image segmentation is an important step in automated radiographic image analysis. However, conventional U-shaped segmentation networks often have relatively high model complexity, while variations in grayscale distributions across hand X-r...
In the last ten to fifteen years there has been much research in using amorphous and polycrystalline semiconductors as x-ray photoconductors in various x-ray image sensor applications, most notably in flat panel x-ray imagers (FPXIs). We first outlin...
The dynamic range of an X-ray digital imaging system is very important when detecting objects with a high absorption ratio. In this paper, a ray source filter is used to filter the low-energy ray components which have no penetrating power to the high...
Osteoporosis is a common problem in orthopedic medicine, and it has become an important medical issue in orthopedics as Taiwan is gradually becoming an aging society. In the diagnosis of osteoporosis, the bone mineral density (BMD) derived from dual-...
The broad point spread function of the NuSTAR telescope makes resolving astronomical X-ray sources a challenging task, especially for off-axis observations. This limitation has affected the observations of the high-mass X-ray binary pulsars SXP 15.3...
With the dynamic development of imaging technologies and increasing demands in various industrial fields, neural networks are playing a crucial role in advanced design, monitoring, and analysis techniques. This review article presents the latest rese...
The global pandemic of COVID-19 raises the importance of having fast and reliable methods to perform an early detection and to visualize the evolution of the disease in every patient, which can be assessed with chest X-ray imaging. Moreover, in order...
X-ray grating interferometry (XGI) can provide multiple image modalities. It does so by utilizing three different contrast mechanisms—attenuation, refraction (differential phase-shift), and scattering (dark-field)—in a single dataset. Com...
Since the mid-1990s, X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) has attracted increasing interest in the industrial and bioimaging fields due to its high sensitivity to weakly absorbing materials and has gained widespread acceptance. XPCI can simultaneously...
Colorization in X-ray material discrimination is considered one of the main phases in X-ray baggage inspection systems for detecting contraband and hazardous materials by displaying different materials with specific colors. The substructure of materi...
Chest X-ray image classification suffers from the high inter-similarity in appearance that is vulnerable to noisy labels. The data-dependent and heteroscedastic characteristic label noise make chest X-ray image classification more challenging. To add...
Purpose: Luggage X-rays suffer from low contrast, material overlap, and noise; dual-energy imaging reduces ambiguity but creates colour biases that impair segmentation. This study aimed to (1) employ connotative fusion by embedding realistic detonato...
The lack of justification of the results obtained by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has limited their usage in the medical context. To increase the explainability of the existing AI methods, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is propo...
In X-ray imaging, tissue scattering is an important factor that degrades image clarity, especially using a portable gridless X-ray imaging device. This study focuses on using Monte Carlo simulation to quantify the effect of scatter radiation on image...
X-ray imaging machines are widely used in border control checkpoints or public transportation, for luggage scanning and inspection. Recent advances in deep learning enabled automatic object detection of X-ray imaging results to largely reduce labor c...
Currently, X-ray inspection systems may produce false detections due to factors such as the varying sizes of contraband images, complex backgrounds, and blurred edges. To address this issue, we propose the YOLO-CID method for contraband image detecti...
10 September 2024
Background: Evaluating chest X-rays is a complex and high-demand task due to the intrinsic challenges associated with diagnosing a wide range of pulmonary conditions. Therefore, advanced methodologies are required to categorize multiple conditions fr...
This study addresses the field of X-ray security screening and focuses on synthesising realistic X-ray images using advanced generative models. Insufficient training data in this area pose a major challenge, which we address through innovative data a...
It is difficult to automatically recognize defects using digital image processing methods in X-ray radiographs of lap joints made from plates of unequal thickness. The continuous change in the wall thickness of the lap joint workpiece causes very dif...
In the current work, a pix2pix conditional generative adversarial network has been evaluated as a potential solution for generating adequately accurate synthesized morphological X-ray images by translating standard photographic images of mice. Such a...
Crystal-based X-ray interferometry (CXI) detects X-ray phase shifts by using the superposition of waves, and its sensitivity is the highest among the other X-ray phase-detecting methods. Therefore, phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) using CXI has th...
Diffraction-limited resolution and low penetration depth are fundamental constraints in optical microscopy and in vivo imaging. Recently, liquid-jet X-ray technology has enabled the generation of X-rays with high-power intensities in laboratory setti...
Traditional X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) suffers from issues such as low photon collection efficiency, slow data acquisition, severe noise interference, and poor imaging quality due to the limitations of mechanical collimation. This...
In this paper, we describe a new method for non-destructive testing (NDT) X-ray image defect segmentation by introducing a variable attention nested UNet++ network. To further enhance the performance of the faint defect extraction and its clear visib...
Digital radiography (DR) is a mature technology and has been broadly used in medical diagnosis. Currently, it’s also used for fruit quality inspection in the market. This purpose of the study is to conduct non-destructive experiments for visual compa...
The use of lightweight concrete has continuously increased because it has a primary benefit of reducing dead load in a concrete infrastructure. Various properties of lightweight concrete, such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, sound absorptio...
Aiming at the problems of multi-scale and serious overlap of dangerous goods in X-ray security-inspection-image samples, an X-ray dangerous-goods-detection algorithm with high detection accuracy is designed based on the improvement of YOLOv4. Using d...
In this paper, we propose an image enhancement algorithm combining non-subsampled shearlet transform and gradient-domain guided filtering to address the problems of low resolution, noise amplification, missing details, and weak edge gradient retentio...
This article experimentally investigates the inception of an innovative hard X-ray photon energy attenuation layer (PAL) to advance high-energy X-ray detection (20–50 keV). A bi-layer design with a thin film high-Z PAL on the top and Si image s...
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled diagnosis has emerged as a promising avenue for revolutionizing medical image analysis, such as X-ray analysis, across a wide range of healthcare disciplines, including dentistry, consequently offering swift, effi...
One of the methods for identifying growth disorder is by assessing the skeletal bone age. A child with a healthy growth rate will have approximately the same chronological and bone ages. It is important to detect any growth disorder as early as possi...
Although the widespread use of digital imaging has enabled real-time image display, images in chest X-ray examinations can be confirmed by the radiologist’s eyes. Considering the development of deep learning (DL) technology, its application wil...
This paper presents the development of a method for dual-energy processing of X-ray images using pulsed X-ray sources for the contrast detection of beryl in muscovite mica in 2D X-ray and CT images. These substances have similar chemical properties a...
Besides X-ray and fluoroscopy, a previously introduced X-ray scanner offers a 3D cone beam option (Multitom Rax, Siemens Healthcare). The aim of this study was to evaluate various scan parameters and post-processing steps to optimize image quality an...
Pes planus, colloquially known as flatfoot, is a deformity defined as the collapse, flattening or loss of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. The first standard radiographic examination for diagnosing pes planus involves lateral and dorsoplanta...
The aim of this study was to determine the quantitative image quality metrics of the low-dose 2D/3D EOS slot scanner X-ray imaging system (LDSS) compared with conventional digital radiography (DR) X-ray imaging systems. The effective detective quantu...
On 11 February 2020, the prevalent outbreak of COVID-19, a coronavirus illness, was declared a global pandemic. Since then, nearly seven million people have died and over 765 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been reported. The goal of this st...
COVID-19 has led to a severe impact on the society and healthcare system, with early diagnosis and effective treatment becoming critical. The Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most time-saving and cost-effective tool for diagnosing COVID-19. However, manual d...
Multi-organ segmentation of X-ray images is of fundamental importance for computer aided diagnosis systems. However, the most advanced semantic segmentation methods rely on deep learning and require a huge amount of labeled images, which are rarely a...
To address the issue of insufficient contrast in conventional X-ray absorption imaging for biological soft tissues and weakly absorbing materials, this paper proposes a beam tracking X-ray phase-contrast imaging system using a conventional X-ray sour...
The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating the rotation angle of the vertebral body on X-ray anteroposterior projection (AP) image by applying machine learning. This study is intended to replace internal/external rotat...
In image-guided surgery (IGS) practice, combining intraoperative 2D X-ray images with preoperative 3D X-ray images from computed tomography (CT) enables the rapid and accurate localization of lesions, which allows for a more minimally invasive and ef...
Automatic computer security inspection of X-ray scanned images has an irresistible trend in modern life. Aiming to address the inconvenience of recognizing small-sized prohibited item objects, and the potential class imbalance within multi-label obje...
Coronavirus disease, frequently referred to as COVID-19, is a contagious and transmittable disease produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The only solution to tackle this virus and reduce its spread is early diagnosis. Pathogenic laboratory tests such as...
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnosis facilitated by artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in computer-aided diagnosis using medical imaging. However, this context presents two notable challenges:...
This study focuses on the problem of identifying and extracting the magnetopause boundary of the Earth’s magnetosphere using the Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) onboard the Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) mission. The SXI empl...
High energy 2D X-ray powder diffraction experiments are widely used for lattice strain measurement. The 2D to 1D conversion of diffraction patterns is a necessary step used to prepare the data for full pattern refinement, but is inefficient when only...
In the past few years, X-ray phase-contrast and dark-field imaging have evolved to be invaluable tools for non-destructive sample visualisation, delivering information inaccessible by conventional absorption imaging. X-ray phase-sensing techniques ar...
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