Gamma and X-Ray Technologies for Medical Research: Image Analysis, Disease Discovered and Detection Techniques
A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Physics General".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 3
Special Issue Editor
Interests: radiation detection; Monte Carlo simulation; radiation; ionizing radiation; radiation protection; radiation dosimetry; radiation physics; C++; radioactivity emission
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Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Today, medical imaging is an essential component of healthcare. Technologies that use X-rays are of particular importance due to their dynamic development. One example of such a technology is computed tomography (CT). Technological advances in CT have made it possible to increase the scanning speed, to reduce the thickness of the imaged layers, to reduce the radiation dose absorbed in tissues, and to improve image quality. Perfusion scanning is used in medical imaging to enable the detection and quantification of cerebral stroke. The combination of CT perfusion and CT angiography has revolutionized the world of stroke therapy. Another technology that is utilized is cardiac CT with coronary CT angiography (CTA); this method displays the anatomical detail of blood vessels more precisely than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound (US). Today, it is well known that exposure to ionizing radiation from CT and other diagnostic methods increases the risk of malignant tumors. Therefore, one of the challenges of modern radiology is to minimize the dose without compromising the quality of the obtained images. The future of computed tomography, including radiation dose reduction, is in the hands of spectral (multi-energy) tomography. Spectral CT uses single acquisitions that are performed at multiple energies in order to extract more information about tissue differentiation based on the difference in absorption of photons with different energies in different tissues. Another promising achievement is the combination of CT and US, MRI, or positron emission tomography (PET), where different scans obtained by the different methods based on various physical processes are jointly recorded. Such a fusion makes it possible to obtain complete diagnostic information. The new concept is known as theranostics, which is a combination of diagnostics and therapy, consisting of the creation of a single technology that both locates and treats cancers. Advances in medical imaging in recent decades has been possible not only due to the technological advances, but also as a result of the digital revolution, including advances in software and hardware. It became possible to process huge amounts of data and create multi-plane and three-dimensional image reconstructions. An innovative solution is the use of advanced computational methods in relation to the analysis and interpretation of images, based on Monte Carlo simulations or artificial intelligence algorithms.
Prof. Dr. Adam Konefał
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- X-rays
- computed tomography
- CT perfusion
- coronary CT angiography
- medical imaging
- radiology
- theranostics
- deep learning
- Monte Carlo modeling
- gamma ray
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