A mathematical model for a transmission of TB-HIV/AIDS co-infection that incorporates prevalence dependent behaviour change in the population and treatment for the infected (and infectious) class is formulated and analyzed. The two sub-models, when e...
Tuberculosis (TB) does not respect borders, and migration confounds global TB control and elimination. Systematic screening of immigrants from TB high burden settings and—to a lesser degree TB infection (TBI)—is recommended in most countries with a l...
Recently, the use of oxide-based nanomaterials for bio-imaging has received great attention owing to their remarkable stabilities as compared to those of conventional organic dyes. Therefore, the development of scalable methods for highly luminescent...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a regional and global bacterial illness that has been expanding and affecting individuals in every generation. An unknown percentage of asymptomatic hosts have TB, and the infection can spread while exhibiting no symptoms. These...
27 September 2021
This study aimed to detect airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) at nine public health facilities in three provinces of South Africa and determine possible risk factors that may contribute to airborne transmission. Personal samples (n = 264) and...
5 November 2019
Few provinces in China have recently conducted population-based surveys on tuberculosis (TB) awareness at the provincial level. Hence, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study to evaluate the level of awareness of TB knowledge among res...
In the present work, we report the synthesis of isomeric heteronuclear terbium(III) and yttrium(III) triple-decker phthalocyaninates [(BuO)8Pc]M[(BuO)8Pc]M*[(15C5)4Pc] (M = Tb, M* = Y or M = Y, M* = Tb, [(BuO)8Pc]2−–octa-n-butoxyphthalocy...
Optimal control of reservoirs is a challenging task due to conflicting objectives, complex system structure, and uncertainties in the system. Real time control decisions suffer from streamflow forecast uncertainty. This study aims to use Probabilisti...
1 August 2016
This study investigated the role of CpG island methylation of the CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 genes in liver injury induced by anti-TB drugs from an epigenetic perspective in a Chinese cohort. A 1:1 matched nested case-control study design was applied. Pulmona...
Background: Patient-specific targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) requires consideration not only of administered activity but also of the spatial distribution of radiopharmaceutical uptake and radionuclide-specific energy deposition. This study devel...
Background. Inhibitory control failure represents a central trait in substance and behavioral addictions, which includes patients affected with gambling disorder (GD). In GD patients, research on this trait of the addiction cycle has primarily focuse...
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) outbreaks, caused by Mycobacterium bovis infection, are a costly animal health challenge. Understanding factors associated with the duration of outbreaks, known as breakdowns, could lead to better disease management policy d...
25 February 2023
The current study aims to explore the effectiveness of communication-based intervention on the reduction in TB stigma and discrimination among high-school students in Bangkok, Thailand, during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study is quasi-experimental i...
18 February 2022
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health challenge despite enormous eradication efforts. Indigenous groups worldwide have a higher TB incidence and associated delayed sputum–smear conversion. The aim of this case–cont...
Bovine tuberculosis remains a challenging endemic pathogen of cattle in many parts of the globe. Spatial clustering of Mycoacterium bovis molecular types in cattle suggests that local factors are the primary drivers of spread. Northern Ireland’...
27 September 2022
Background: This study aims to determine the prevalence of TB among ambulatory people living with HIV in Guangxi Province, which experienced the biggest HIV epidemic in China. Methods: We undertook a longitudinal study in five HIV/AIDS designated hos...
This study compares the yield and additionality of community-based active tuberculosis (TB) active case-finding strategies using either smear microscopy or GeneXpert as the TB diagnostic test. Active case-finding strategies screened social contacts o...
(Gd0.93−xTb0.07Eux)2O3 (x = 0–0.10) phosphors shows great potential for applications in the lighting and display areas. (Gd0.93−xTb0.07Eux)2O3 phosphors with controlled morphology were prepared by a hydrothermal method, followed by...
Background: In Nigeria, most children with tuberculosis (TB) present at primary health clinics where there are limited personnel skilled in collecting appropriate respiratory specimens from those who cannot produce sputum. KNCV Nigeria, in collaborat...
Background: The cornerstone of the public health function is to identify healthcare needs, to influence policy development, and to inform change in practice. Current data management practices with paper-based recording systems are prone to data quali...
24 June 2021
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a bacterial pathogen worldwide. China has the third highest TB burden in the world, with a high reported burden in Hunan Province (amongst others). This study aimed to investigate the spatial distr...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, with high rates of transmission and low case detection rates. This paper presents the challenges of screening and investigation of contacts of patients with TB in Oyo and Osu...
Developing rare-earth doped oxysulfide phosphors with diverse morphologies has significant value in many research fields such as in displays, medical diagnosis, and information storage. All of the time, phosphors with spherical morphology have been d...
Understanding the heterogeneous spread of tuberculosis (TB), particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) forms and the role of subclinical infection, is critical for achieving the WHO End TB strategy. This study develops a novel compartmental model that e...
The emergence of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) is a threat to TB control programs in developing countries such as Zambia. Studies in Zambia have applied molecular techniques to understand drug-resistance-associated mutation...
Aluminum garnets display exceptional adaptability in incorporating mismatching elements, thereby facilitating the synthesis of novel materials with tailored properties. This study explored Ce3+-doped Tb3Al5−xScxO12 crystals (where x ranges from 0.5 t...
The epidemiology and genotypes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), a global public health threat, remain limited. The genotypic distribution and factors associated with MDR-TB in upper northern Thailand between 2015 and 2019 were investigat...
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that primarily target the lungs. The transmission of this disease occurs through the air in the form of droplet nuclei. Unfortunately, there has been an emergence of resistance to strains...
24 December 2024
Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in China, with varying treatment outcomes across different regions. Understanding the spatial distribution of DR-TB treatment outcomes is crucial for targeted int...
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death due to antimicrobial resistance. Mycobacterium tuberculosis CAS1-Kili strains that belong to lineage 3 (Central Asian Strain, CAS) were previously implicated in the spread of multidrug-resistant (...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major challenge to tuberculosis control, particularly in settings with limited access to conventional molecular testing. This study developed and preliminarily evaluated RR-TB GoldDx and Hr-TB GoldDx, rapid visua...
Background: Resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis represents a significant public health challenge, particularly in high-burden tuberculosis (TB) settings such as Pakistan, where multidrug-resistant (MDR) form...
Pakistan’s national tuberculosis control programme (NTP) is among the many programmes worldwide that value the importance of subnational tuberculosis (TB) burden estimates to support disease control efforts, but do not have reliable estimates....
24 December 2025
To better understand recent adolescent (10–19 years) HIV trends in Central America, we analyzed routine data from countries supported by the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR): Guatemala, El Salvador, Hondur...
The reproducible preparation of well-diffracting crystals is a prerequisite for every structural study based on crystallography. An instrument called XtalController has recently been designed that allows the monitoring of crystallization assays using...
7 September 2023
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of TB and identify TB risk factors in Ethiopia’s Oromia region. Descriptive an...
Child and adolescent tuberculosis (TB) has been long neglected by TB programs but there have been substantive strides in prioritizing TB among these populations in the past two decades. Yet, gaps remain in translating evidence and policy to action at...
A new method using a magnetic nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) was compared with sputum smear microscopy (SSM) for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in sputum samples. Studies were made to compare the NCBA against S...
Despite the World Health Organization recommending the use of rapid molecular tests for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB), uptake has been limited, partially due to high cartridge costs. Other infectious disease programs pool specimens to save on diagnost...
Background: Islatravir (ISL) is a first-in-class nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor with high potency and long half-life in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). However, treatment and prevention of HIV with oral ISL in hu...
10 December 2018
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the link between the history of exposure to tuberculosis (TB) in the household and diagnosed TB cases at school, and to compare the detection rate of active TB among household contacts and classroom contacts of ad...
Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment of TB poses a considerable c...
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) constitutes one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to adopted prevention measures, good public health practices, and better treatment, its incidence, prevalence, and case fatality rates stead...
Controlling tuberculosis (TB) among immigrants from high-incidence countries presents a public health concern as well as a medical challenge. In this article, we investigate a TB outbreak in a community of people of Jewish descent who emigrated from...
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death by an infectious disease. It remains a major health burden worldwide, in part due to misdiagnosis. Therefore, improved diagnostic tests allowing the faster and more reliable diagnosis of patient...
1 February 2023
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), a global health problem, is typically caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The reactivation of VZV can be ca...
Low vitamin D (vitD3) is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in the world known to be associated with numerous medical conditions including infections such as tuberculosis (TB). In this study, vitD3 status and its association with the ant...
The use of metaplasticity-based intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) protocols including several stimulation blocks could be a possible approach to increasing stimulation effectiveness. Our aim was to investigate the neurophysiological effects...
16 September 2021
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading killer from a single infectious agent globally. In 2019, Malaysia’s TB incidence rate was 92 per 100,000 population, and the TB mortality rate was estimated at 4 cases per 100,000 population per year. However, the state...
29 July 2021
The diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TB-LAP) is challenging. We evaluated the role of blood CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) ligands in its diagnosis. A total of 65 lymphadenopathy patients were enrolled and lymph node sampling was performed....
of 23