Skip to Content

51 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,250 Views
11 Pages

Probabilistic Estimate of |Foa| from FEL Data

  • Carmelo Giacovazzo,
  • Benedetta Carrozzini and
  • Giovanni Luca Cascarano

18 April 2018

The method of the joint probability distribution function was applied in order to estimate the normal structure factor amplitudes of the anomalous scatterer substructure in a FEL experiment. The two-wavelength case was examined. In this, the prior kn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,081 Views
21 Pages

GenDRA: Generative Data Reconstruction Attacks on Federated Edge Learning and Countermeasures

  • Chengcheng Zhao,
  • Shuilin Li,
  • Yuanhang He,
  • Wenkai Huang,
  • Gaolei Li,
  • Li Ding and
  • Jianhua Li

Federated edge learning (FEL) unites the decentralized training capabilities of multiple edge nodes to allow model gradient sharing and parameter aggregation across a peer-to-peer network. However, many intrinsic policy conflicts still exist in FEL,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,179 Views
12 Pages

13 January 2022

Cryocrystallography is a widely used method for determining the crystal structure of macromolecules. This technique uses a cryoenvironment, which significantly reduces the radiation damage to the crystals and has the advantage of requiring only one c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,392 Views
13 Pages

22 November 2024

In macromolecular crystallography (MX), a complete diffraction dataset is essential for determining the three-dimensional structure. However, collecting a complete experimental dataset using a single crystal is frequently unsuccessful due to poor cry...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,417 Views
30 Pages

Characterization of the Fels Landslide (Alaska) Using Combined Terrestrial, Aerial, and Satellite Remote Sensing Data

  • Davide Donati,
  • Doug Stead,
  • Bernhard Rabus,
  • Jeanine Engelbrecht,
  • John J. Clague,
  • Stephen D. Newman and
  • Mirko Francioni

27 December 2023

The characterization of landslides located in remote areas poses significant challenges due to the costs of reaching the sites and the lack of reliable subsurface data to constrain geological interpretations. In this paper, the advantages of combinin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,107 Views
24 Pages

30 July 2020

A theoretical study of the synchrotron radiation (SR) from electrons in periodic magnetic fields with non-periodic magnetic components is presented. It is applied to several free electron lasers (FELs) accounting for the real characteristics of their...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,644 Views
47 Pages

28 May 2021

Free-electron lasers (FELs) have been designed to operate over virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from microwaves through to X-rays, and in a variety of configurations, including amplifiers and oscillators. Oscillators can operate in both...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
3,778 Views
16 Pages

Feline Leishmania spp. Infection in a Non-Endemic Area of Northern Italy

  • Eva Spada,
  • Roberta Perego,
  • Fabrizio Vitale,
  • Federica Bruno,
  • Germano Castelli,
  • Gaia Tarantola,
  • Luciana Baggiani,
  • Sonia Magistrelli and
  • Daniela Proverbio

8 May 2020

Feline leishmaniosis (FeL) is an emerging vector-borne feline disease, with increasing numbers of cases reported and studies performed internationally. This study aimed to update the epidemiological status for FeL in stray cats in Milan, northern Ita...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
275 Citations
18,063 Views
35 Pages

Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL

  • Thomas Tschentscher,
  • Christian Bressler,
  • Jan Grünert,
  • Anders Madsen,
  • Adrian P. Mancuso,
  • Michael Meyer,
  • Andreas Scherz,
  • Harald Sinn and
  • Ulf Zastrau

9 June 2017

European XFEL is a free-electron laser (FEL) user facility providing soft and hard X-ray FEL radiation to initially six scientific instruments. Starting user operation in fall 2017 European XFEL will provide new research opportunities to users from s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
914 Views
28 Pages

26 November 2025

This study examined technology adaptation and collaborative pedagogical practices within Flexible Emergency Learning Spaces (FELS) established during a military emergency to ensure sustainable and resilient education for displaced children and adoles...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
7,598 Views
12 Pages

Psychologists often argue that sex roles direct different types of socializing behaviors toward males and females and that this differential treatment, in turn, leads to sex differences in personality. Widely cited in support of this thesis has been...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
21 Citations
15,336 Views
17 Pages

Skin Lesions in Feline Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review

  • Francesca Abramo,
  • Francesco Albanese,
  • Silvia Gattuso,
  • Alessandra Randone,
  • Ivan Fileccia,
  • Carla Dedola,
  • Fabrizio Ibba,
  • Paola Ottaiano and
  • Emanuele Brianti

Feline leishmaniosis (FeL) is increasingly reported throughout the world and skin lesions predominate in the clinical picture. There are, however, few evidence-based data on cutaneous feline leishmaniosis and directions are strongly needed for a bett...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,459 Views
19 Pages

30 June 2022

The theoretical study of the effect of electron beam parameters, in particular, the emittance and its asymmetry on the radiation from relativistic electrons in undulators is conducted both analytically and numerically. The reasons for the odd and eve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
678 Views
37 Pages

25 December 2025

The frequent occurrence of fires has prompted China to accelerate the development of community fire prevention and emergency management systems. Language, serving both communicative and affective functions by facilitating the flow of information and...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
6,972 Views
10 Pages

Status of the SACLA Facility

  • Makina Yabashi,
  • Hitoshi Tanaka,
  • Kensuke Tono and
  • Tetsuya Ishikawa

10 June 2017

This article reports the current status of SACLA, SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser, which has been producing stable X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) light since 2012. A unique injector system and a short-period in-vacuum undulator enable...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,432 Views
18 Pages

10 November 2025

Background/Objectives: Qatar and other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are experiencing a growing incidence of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The lack of a culturally relevant food exchange list (FEL) for commonly consumed fo...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,597 Views
16 Pages

FDIP—A Fast Diffraction Image Processing Library for X-ray Crystallography Experiments

  • Yaroslav Gevorkov,
  • Marina Galchenkova,
  • Valerio Mariani,
  • Anton Barty,
  • Thomas A. White,
  • Henry N. Chapman and
  • Oleksandr Yefanov

5 February 2024

Serial crystallography (SX) is a cutting-edge technique in structural biology, involving the systematic collection of X-ray diffraction data from numerous randomly oriented microcrystals. To extract comprehensive three-dimensional information about t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,387 Views
8 Pages

A 6 MeV hybrid photo-cathode gun is driving a THz-FEL in Ariel University, as well as other applications. An electron bunch with small transverse emittance is extracted from a copper photo-cathode using a 1 ps UV laser pulse, and then accelerated to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,289 Views
11 Pages

How Working Tasks Influence Biocontamination in an Animal Facility

  • Anna M. Marcelloni,
  • Alessandra Chiominto,
  • Simona Di Renzi,
  • Paola Melis,
  • Annarita Wirz,
  • Maria C. Riviello,
  • Stefania Massari,
  • Renata Sisto,
  • Maria C. D’Ovidio and
  • Emilia Paba

29 May 2019

The exposure to biocontaminants in animal facilities represents a risk for developing infectious, allergic and toxic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine what factors could be associated with a high level of exposure to biological agents...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,323 Views
26 Pages

8 February 2024

In contemporary evacuation systems, the evacuation sign typically points fixedly towards the nearest emergency exit, providing guidance to evacuees. However, this static approach may not effectively respond to the dynamic nature of a rapidly evolving...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,464 Views
13 Pages

Exposures in the Indoor Environment and Prevalence of Allergic Conditions in the United States of America

  • Janvier Gasana,
  • Boubakari Ibrahimou,
  • Ahmed N. Albatineh,
  • Mustafa Al-Zoughool and
  • Dina Zein

Our study examines the association of the presence of mildew, cockroaches, and pets in homes as well as household dust allergens with the prevalence and/or severity of allergic diseases. No study has concurrently assessed home environment exposures i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,962 Views
18 Pages

21 September 2022

The operation strategies of a distributed energy system (DES) are usually proposed according to the electrical load (FEL) and the thermal load (FTL), which take the cooling/heating load or electric load as unique constraint conditions that result in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
129 Citations
20,340 Views
16 Pages

Redox Interactions of Vitamin C and Iron: Inhibition of the Pro-Oxidant Activity by Deferiprone

  • Viktor A. Timoshnikov,
  • Tatyana V. Kobzeva,
  • Nikolay E. Polyakov and
  • George J. Kontoghiorghes

Ascorbic acid (AscH2) is one of the most important vitamins found in the human diet, with many biological functions including antioxidant, chelating, and coenzyme activities. Ascorbic acid is also widely used in medical practice especially for increa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,382 Views
9 Pages

8 July 2020

Serial crystallography (SX), first used as an application of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), is becoming a useful method to determine atomic-resolution structures of proteins from micrometer-sized crystals with bright X-ray sources. Because of un...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,900 Views
19 Pages

A Regularization Method for Landslide Thickness Estimation

  • Lisa Borgatti,
  • Davide Donati,
  • Liwei Hu,
  • Germana Landi and
  • Fabiana Zama

10 December 2024

Accurate estimation of landslide depth is essential for practical hazard assessment and risk mitigation. This work addresses the problem of determining landslide depth from satellite-derived elevation data. Using the principle of mass conservation, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,713 Views
10 Pages

Work Category Affects the Exposure to Allergens and Endotoxins in an Animal Facility Laboratory in Italy: A Personal Air Monitoring Study

  • Simona Di Renzi,
  • Alessandra Chiominto,
  • Anna Maria Marcelloni,
  • Paola Melis,
  • Maria Cristina Riviello,
  • Annarita Wirz,
  • Renata Sisto,
  • Stefania Massari,
  • Emilia Paba and
  • Maria Concetta D’Ovidio

5 August 2021

Scientists and technicians who work in contact with laboratory animals are exposed to complex biological mixtures from animals, bedding and feed. The main objective of this study was to characterize the exposures to endotoxins and animal allergens in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
559 Views
14 Pages

High Seroprevalence of Feline Leishmaniosis (FeL) in Campania (Italy) Region: Current Epidemiological Scenario

  • Valentina Foglia Manzillo,
  • Ines Balestrino,
  • Gaetano Oliva,
  • Roberta Brunetti,
  • Stefania Cavallo,
  • Rosa D’Ambrosio,
  • Roberta Pellicanò,
  • Luisa Spadari,
  • Lorella Barca and
  • Loredana Baldi
  • + 6 authors

23 November 2025

Feline leishmaniosis (FeL) is still considered an emerging and neglected disease. Cats, once considered accidental hosts, are now recognized as adjunctive reservoirs of the disease, especially in areas where canine (CanL) and human (HumL) leishmanios...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,617 Views
15 Pages

EXtra-Xwiz: A Tool to Streamline Serial Femtosecond Crystallography Workflows at European XFEL

  • Oleksii Turkot,
  • Fabio Dall’Antonia,
  • Richard J. Bean,
  • Juncheng E,
  • Hans Fangohr,
  • Danilo E. Ferreira de Lima,
  • Sravya Kantamneni,
  • Henry J. Kirkwood,
  • Faisal H. M. Koua and
  • Luca Gelisio
  • + 7 authors

24 October 2023

X-ray free electron lasers deliver photon pulses that are bright enough to observe diffraction from extremely small crystals at a time scale that outruns their destruction. As crystals are continuously replaced, this technique is termed serial femtos...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,409 Views
11 Pages

Using data from 2005 to 2016, this paper examines if players in the National Hockey League (NHL) are being paid a positive differential for their services due to the competition from the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and the Swedish Hockey League (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,429 Views
11 Pages

16 January 2015

We present here an application of the recently developed hybrid coupled channels approach to study photo-ionization of noble gas atoms: Neon and Argon. We first compute multi-photon ionization rates and cross-sections for these inert gas atoms with o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,397 Views
19 Pages

A Robust SAR Speckle Tracking Workflow for Measuring and Interpreting the 3D Surface Displacement of Landslides

  • Davide Donati,
  • Bernhard Rabus,
  • Jeanine Engelbrecht,
  • Doug Stead,
  • John Clague and
  • Mirko Francioni

3 August 2021

We present a workflow for investigating large, slow-moving landslides which combines the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique, GIS post-processing, and airborne laser scanning (ALS), and apply it to Fels landslide in Alaska, US. First, we exploit...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
308 Views
11 Pages

7 November 2025

In this work, our goal is to develop a privacy-preserving distributed weed detection and management system. The proposed work integrates FEL (Federated Learning) and deep learning with multi-modal sensor fusion to enhance the model’s performanc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,135 Views
27 Pages

25 March 2022

Two finite element level-set (FE-LS) formulations are compared for the modeling of grain growth of 316L stainless steel in terms of grain size, mean values, and histograms. Two kinds of microstructures are considered: some are generated statistically...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,137 Views
11 Pages

Transient EUV Reflectivity Measurements of Carbon upon Ultrafast Laser Heating

  • Riccardo Mincigrucci,
  • Emiliano Principi,
  • Filippo Bencivenga,
  • Laura Foglia,
  • Alessandro Gessini,
  • Gabor Kurdi,
  • Alberto Simoncig and
  • Claudio Masciovecchio

Time resolved extreme ultraviolet (EUV) transient reflectivity measurements on non-equilibrium amorphous carbon (a-C) have been carried out by combining optical and free electron laser (FEL) sources. The EUV probing was specifically sensitive to latt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,902 Views
18 Pages

Obtaining the Effective Dielectric Permittivity of a Conducting Surface in the Terahertz Range via the Characteristics of Surface Plasmon Polaritons

  • Vasily Valerievich Gerasimov,
  • Alexey Konstantinovich Nikitin,
  • Alexey Georgievich Lemzyakov,
  • Ivan Aleksandrovich Azarov and
  • Igor Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov

5 July 2023

With the intensive development of data transmitting and processing devices in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, an important part of which are integrated plasmonic components and communication lines, it becomes necessary to measure correctly the o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
7,312 Views
13 Pages

The exposure of reactive oxygen species is one of the aging triggers at cellular level. The antioxidants have been used as strategic efforts in overcoming the accumulation of ROS. Previous research using crude extracts of clove bud and leaves showed...

  • Article
  • Open Access
659 Views
15 Pages

Designing a Femtosecond-Resolution Bunch Length Monitor Using Coherent Transition Radiation Images

  • Ana Guisao-Betancur,
  • Joseph Wolfenden,
  • Erik Mansten,
  • Sara Thorin,
  • Johan Lundquist,
  • Oliver Grimm and
  • Carsten P. Welsch

Ultrashort bunch length measurements are crucial for characterizing electron beams in short-pulse accelerators, including novel accelerators like EuPRAXIA and those used for free-electron lasers (FELs). This work provides an overview of the design pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
9,589 Views
18 Pages

27 January 2018

Early-life iron deficiency has lifelong influences on brain structure and cognitive function, however characterization of these changes often requires invasive techniques. There is a need for non-invasive assessment of early-life iron deficiency with...

  • Article
  • Open Access
655 Views
28 Pages

2 December 2025

Background/Objectives: GuaB, which is known as inosine 5′-phosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), is an enzymatic target involved in the de novo guanine biosynthetic pathway of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii. GuaB has emerged as...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,428 Views
15 Pages

Genetic and Biological Properties of an Epidemic Feline Panleukopenia Virus Strain (Ala91Ser) in China

  • Erkai Feng,
  • Zihan Ye,
  • Manping Yan,
  • Yaxi Zhou,
  • Danni Wu,
  • Shipeng Cheng and
  • Yuening Cheng

16 July 2025

To genetically characterise an epidemic isolate of feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) harbouring the Ala91Ser mutation in China, a clinical strain (accession number: OR921195.1), named FPLV-CC19-02, was isolated from a PCR-positive faecal swab sample....

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,212 Views
14 Pages

The Acquisition of Colistin Resistance Is Associated to the Amplification of a Large Chromosomal Region in Klebsiella pneumoniae kp52145

  • María Blanca Sánchez,
  • Alicia Sánchez-Gorostiaga,
  • Trinidad Cuesta and
  • José Luis Martínez

The appearance of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has increased the use of colistin as a last-resort antibiotic for treating infections by this pathogen. A consequence of its use has been the spread of colistin-resistant strains, in severa...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,890 Views
15 Pages

Donkey Milk Fermentation by Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Affects the Antiviral and Antibacterial Milk Properties

  • Simona Cirrincione,
  • Anna Luganini,
  • Cristina Lamberti,
  • Marcello Manfredi,
  • Laura Cavallarin,
  • Maria Gabriella Giuffrida and
  • Enrica Pessione

23 August 2021

Background: Milk is considered an important source of bioactive peptides, which can be produced by endogenous or starter bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria, that are considered effective and safe producers of food-grade bioactive peptides. Among...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,798 Views
15 Pages

3 January 2025

The ubiquitous presence of marine litter has brought huge environmental pressure. A wide range of measures have been developed to address this problem. This paper focuses on the removal measure—Fishing for Litter (FEL). It aims to identify the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,218 Views
34 Pages

Recently, there has been increased interest in aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) as potential malarial drug targets. These enzymes play a key role in protein translation by the addition of amino acids to their cognate tRNA. The aaRSs are present in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,922 Views
14 Pages

A Comprehensive Analysis of Fel Ursi and Its Common Adulterants Based on UHPLC-QTOF-MSE and Chemometrics

  • Xianrui Wang,
  • Haonan Wu,
  • Minghua Li,
  • Xiaohan Guo,
  • Xianlong Cheng,
  • Wenguang Jing and
  • Feng Wei

Background: As one of the four most valuable animal medicines, Fel Ursi, named Xiong Dan (XD) in China, has the effect of clearing heat, calming the liver, and brightening the eyes. However, due to the special source of XD and its high price, other a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,512 Views
9 Pages

Application of Matched-Filter Concepts to Unbiased Selection of Data in Pump-Probe Experiments with Free Electron Lasers

  • Carlo Callegari,
  • Tsukasa Takanashi,
  • Hironobu Fukuzawa,
  • Koji Motomura,
  • Denys Iablonskyi,
  • Yoshiaki Kumagai,
  • Subhendu Mondal,
  • Tetsuya Tachibana,
  • Kiyonobu Nagaya and
  • Kiyoshi Ueda
  • + 21 authors

16 June 2017

Pump-probe experiments are commonly used at Free Electron Lasers (FEL) to elucidate the femtosecond dynamics of atoms, molecules, clusters, liquids and solids. Maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements is often a primary need of the ex...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,453 Views
14 Pages

Scale-Up of Membrane-Based Zinc Recovery from Spent Pickling Acids of Hot-Dip Galvanizing

  • Andrea Arguillarena,
  • María Margallo,
  • Axel Arruti-Fernández,
  • Javier Pinedo,
  • Pedro Gómez and
  • Ane Urtiaga

21 December 2020

Zinc recovery from spent pickling acids (SPAs) can play an important role in achieving a circular economy in the galvanizing industry. This work evaluates the scale-up of membrane-based solvent extraction technology aimed at the selective separation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,993 Views
18 Pages

The Structural Basis of African Swine Fever Virus pS273R Protease Binding to E64 through Molecular Dynamics Simulations

  • Gen Lu,
  • Kang Ou,
  • Yiwen Jing,
  • Huan Zhang,
  • Shouhua Feng,
  • Zuofeng Yang,
  • Guoshun Shen,
  • Jinling Liu,
  • Changde Wu and
  • Shu Wei

2 February 2023

Identification of novel drugs for anti-African swine fever (ASF) applications is of utmost urgency, as it negatively affects pig farming and no effective vaccine or treatment is currently available. African swine fever virus (ASFV) encoded pS273R is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,237 Views
27 Pages

31 July 2025

The impacts of land use transition on ecological environment quality (EEQ) during China’s rapid urbanization have attracted growing concern. However, existing studies predominantly focus on single-scale analyses, neglecting scale effects and dr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,518 Views
10 Pages

Physical Activity, Mental Health, and Quality of Life among School Students in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey When Returning to School after the COVID-19 Pandemic

  • Mohamed Salih Mahfouz,
  • Ahmad Y. Alqassim,
  • Nasser Hadi Sobaikhi,
  • Abdulaziz Salman Jathmi,
  • Fahad Omar Alsadi,
  • Abdullah Mohammed Alqahtani,
  • Mohammed Mohalhil Shajri,
  • Ibrahim Darwish Sabi,
  • Ahmed M. Wafi and
  • Jonathan Sinclair

Increasing evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) can reduce depression and anxiety in adolescents. At the same time, quality of life (QoL) is sensitive to both mental health and PA, but little is known about the mechanism between these three...

of 2