Numerous combustion applications are concerned with the stabilization of diffusion flames formed by injecting gaseous fuels into a co-flowing stream containing an oxidizer. The smooth operation of these devices depends on the attachment and lift-off...
In the period from 2019 to 2022, the joint American–Russian space experiment (SE) Flame Design (Adamant) was carried out on the International Space Station (ISS). The purpose of the joint SE was to study the mechanisms of control of soot format...
The joint American–Russian Space Experiment Flame Design (Adamant) was implemented on the International Space Station (ISS) in the period from 2019 to 2022. The objectives of the experiment were to study the radiative extinction of spherical di...
Reduction of nitric oxides (NOx) in aircraft engines and in gas turbines by lean combustion is of great interest in the design of novel combustion systems. However, the stabilization of the flame under lean conditions is a main issue. In this context...
Recently, carbon nanomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their remarkable physical and chemical properties. The preparation methods and applications of the carbon nanomaterials have developed rapidly. In this study, the flame synthe...
Electrohydrodynamic effects can significantly alter transport processes in reacting flows, even when the plasma is weakly ionized. However, predictive modeling of such plasma–flame interactions remains challenging due to the multiscale coupling...
The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of a direct current (DC) electric field on the combustion behavior of a co-flow propane diffusion flame. The flame length and NOx emission were observed and measured. The electric field enhances...
This paper studies the influence of hydrogen volume fraction effects on the temperature distribution of diffusion turbulent propane jet flames. Numbers of experimental scenarios have been carried out to investigate the evolution of temperature distri...
The effect of pressure on the flame’s physical structure and soot formation of the coflow propane—air laminar diffusion flames was studied experimentally at subatmospheric pressures from 30 to 101 kPa. Flames with a constant fuel mass flow rate combi...
Ozone is a prospective additive for enhancing and controlling combustion under lean or very lean conditions, and reduces NOx and particulate matter emissions simultaneously. Typically, in studying the effects of ozone on combustion pollutants, the fo...
High-speed microjet hydrogen–air diffusion flames are investigated computationally. The focus is on the prediction of the so-called bottleneck phenomenon. The latter has been previously observed as a specific feature of the present flame class...
In this paper, a theoretical numerical analysis of the thermodynamics second law in ammonia/ethylene counter-flow diffusion flames is carried out. The combustion process, which includes heat and mass transfer, as well as a chemical reaction, is simul...
Experimental measurements of midwave infrared thermal images of methane diffusion flames at different concomitant flow velocities were obtained as snapshot data to analyze the flame scintillation effect. The spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (...
Characteristics of microjet hydrogen diffusion flames stabilized near extinction are investigated numerically. Two-dimensional simulations are carried out using a detailed reaction mechanism. The effect of burner wall material, thickness, and thermal...
The structure of methane/air tubular diffusion flames with
In studies on the combustion process, thermodynamic analysis can be used to evaluate the irreversibility of the combustion process and improve energy utilization efficiency. In this paper, the combustion process of a laminar oxy-fuel diffusion flame...
In this paper, a large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent non-premixed LO2/CH4 combustion under transcritical conditions is performed based on the Mascotte test rig from the Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches A
HVAF (High Velocity Air Flame) flame spraying can generate supersonic high-temperature gas jets, enabling thermal spraying at unprecedented speeds. However, there is a problem with the energy cost of this device. This study focused on combustors that...
The ignition process of fuel plays an important role in the flame development and emission characteristics, which has attracted intensive attention in the combustion field. However, the transient ignition process for jet flames under acoustic excitat...
We investigated experimentally the influence of flow conditions and electrode position on a diffusion H2–air flame subjected to an external electric field. We determined the minimum impurity level required to observe changes in flame properties...
Against the backdrop of a low-carbon economy, the control of soot emissions from combustion processes is of paramount importance. In this study, the effects of CO2 dilution on soot formation in ethylene laminar diffusion flames are investigated throu...
The pilot flame serves as the primary anchor for global flame stabilization in a centrally staged combustor. In engineering practice, it typically operates in the diffusion mode. The fuel non-uniformity and diffusion kinetics of the pilot flame may h...
The effects (chemical, thermal, transport, and radiative) of CO2 added to the fuel side and oxidizer side on the flame temperature and the position of the flame front in a one-dimensional laminar counterflow diffusion flame of methane/N2/O2 were stud...
This work examined the effects of secondary annular flow area on flame stability in an experimental diffusion flame burner. The burner was composed of a horizontally mounted, rectangular chamber that utilized a retractable spark plug for ignition and...
ANSYS-Fluent was applied to simulate diffusion combustion flame in a two-dimensional (2D) industrial burner to determine the contours of the mass fraction of gas emissions, velocity, and combustion temperature. The effects of the boundary conditions,...
The hydrogen diffusion flame is commonly described as difficult to see in the visible range. However, even in controlled laboratory conditions with careful imaging, the flame appears reddish. Previous research has reported a variety of colours genera...
This work deals with the numerical investigation of a three-dimensional, laminar hydrogen-air diffusion flame in which a cylindrical fuel jet is surrounded by in-flowing air. To calculate the distribution of gas molecules, the model solves the specie...
The development of robust and efficient computational methodologies is crucial for vision-based flame detection systems. While deep learning has shown promise, many existing models are direct applications of generic architectures, lacking principled...
The flame front filtering is a well-known strategy in turbulent premixed combustion. An extension of this approach for the non-premixed combustion context has been proposed by means of directly filtering counterflow diffusion flamelets. Promising res...
This study investigates the effects of diffusion modeling and swirl intensity on flow fields and NO emissions in CH4/NH3 non-premixed swirling flames using large eddy simulations (LESs). Simulations are performed for a 50/50 ammonia–methane ble...
Ultra-lean hydrogen flames under terrestrial gravity are governed by a coupled interaction among preferential diffusion, thermal diffusion, heat loss, and self-induced convection. This study numerically examines combustion in a quiescent 6 vol.% H2&n...
The current study primarily aimed to simulate detonation initiation via turbulent jet flame acceleration in partial-premixed H2-air mixtures. Different vertical concentration gradients were generated by varying the duration of hydrogen injection (dif...
A theoretical investigation of the influence of a standing wave flow-field on the dynamics of a laminar two-dimensional spray diffusion flame is presented for the first time. The mathematical analysis permits mild slip between the droplets and their...
This study establishes an experimental platform consisting of an adjustable inclined surface and a cross-slope wind system. Turbulent diffusion flames are investigated by examining the variation characteristics of flame morphology under slope angles...
This study numerically investigates the critical fuel concentration and flammable regions of methane–air and methane oxy-fuel counterflow diffusion flames. The goal is to determine the effects of strain rate, oxidizer composition, and radiative...
In order to elucidate the effect of wall temperature on a diffusion flame–wall interaction, an acetylene diffusion flame in a head-on quenching type was investigated. Direct photography, two-color thermometry, soot-LII (laser-induced incandesce...
Acoustic flame suppression is a potential technology which does away with the need to carry fire-extinguishing media and does not cause secondary pollution. We herein reported an experimental study on the displacement and extinction of jet diffusion...
This study aims to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the ability of the flow solver “reactingFoam” of the open-source OpenFOAM software v.2506 for a control-volume-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver in treating the reac...
The performance of diffusion flame (DF) burners strongly depends on how effectively combustion gases mix and retain heat, yet the influence of exhaust nozzle geometry on these processes remains insufficiently characterized. This study examines how va...
Green ammonia has become an increasingly popular fuel in recent years because of its combustion process without carbon oxide release. Adding ammonia to methane fuel for co-combustion has become one of the important research topics in the current comb...
This paper reports an experimental and numerical investigation of a methane-air diffusion flame stabilized over a swirler coaxial burner. The burner configuration consists of two tubes with a swirler placed in the annular part. The passage of the oxi...
This study focused on the effects of n-butanol addition on the combustion characteristics of n-heptane counterflow diffusion flame under pressures of 1, 3, and 5 atm by a detailed kinetic simulation. The added n-butanol volume fraction ranged from 0...
An experimental study of spatially localized very large-scale motion superstructures, propagating in a jet of carbon dioxide at low Reynolds numbers, was carried out. A hot-wire anemometer and a high-speed 2D PIV with a frequency of 7 kHz were used a...
This study computationally investigates small-scale flickering buoyant diffusion flames in externally swirling flows and focuses on identifying and characterizing various distinct dynamical behaviors of the flames. To explore the impact of finite rat...
In this study, a novel gas burner combining air swirl and an inverse diffusion flame (IDF) is designed for industrial applications. Numerical simulations using the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) method and simplified reaction mechanisms...
A laminar diffusion flame was measured by X-ray Compton scattering. The temperature distribution was measured from an analysis of Compton scattered X-ray intensity. The chemical state distribution was obtained from a Compton scattered X-ray spectrum...
Acoustically modulated methane jet diffusion flames were used to enhance carbon nanostructure synthesis. A catalytic nickel substrate was employed to collect the deposit materials at sampling position z = 10 mm above the burner exit. The fabrication...
Measuring soot concentration in a burner flame is essential for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanism and to abate its generation. This paper presents an improved emission spectroscopy (ES) method that uses an adaptive particle swarm o...
In studying the effects of oxygen concentration and molecular structure on the morphologies of the soot particles produced by hydrocarbon fuels, ethylene and ethane were chosen as experimental fuels. With a Gülde laminar coaxial diffusion flame...
In this article, the evolution of in-flame soot species in a slow speed, buoyancy-driven diffusion flame is thoroughly studied with the implementation of the population balance approach in association with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique...
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