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Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Division of Engineering Technology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
CEFT-Transport Phenomena Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion, 2nd Edition

Abstract submission deadline
30 June 2026
Manuscript submission deadline
30 September 2026
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5208

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Topic Editors are pleased to invite submissions to a Topic entitled “Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion, 2nd edition”. This topic is a continuation of the previous successful Topic “Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion” (https://www.mdpi.com/topics/5G0ERDO7HU). This Topic is launched to address recent theoretical, numerical, and experimental advances in clean-combustion-related applications to address climate change concerns while taking advantage of the higher energy density of hydrocarbon and other fossil fuels compared to batteries. With the recent advancements in computational capacities and the widespread applications of machine learning in engineering problems, the role of numerical methods is becoming more and more important to improve existing models or develop new models that can help researchers to better understand the underlying physics of combustion, their interaction with other physical phenomena such as turbulence, and their impacts on the performance of the related applications at both fundamental and practical levels. This Topic aims to highlight the most recent advances in the development and application of such numerical methods, backed up with strong theories and/or experimental studies.

Dr. Pedro Miguel Rebelo Resende
Prof. Dr. Mohsen Ayoobi
Dr. Alexandre M. Afonso
Topic Editors

Keywords

  • laminar/turbulent combustion
  • gaseous, liquid, and/or solid fuel combustion
  • premixed/non-premixed and homogeneous/non-homogeneous combustion
  • reaction kinetics
  • combustion-related micropower generation
  • internal combustion engines
  • fuel reforming/alternative fuels
  • energy systems
  • ammonia combustion

Participating Journals

Journal Name Impact Factor CiteScore Launched Year First Decision (median) APC
Aerospace
aerospace 		2.2 4.0 2014 22.9 Days CHF 2400 Submit
Applied Sciences
applsci 		2.5 5.5 2011 16 Days CHF 2400 Submit
Catalysts
catalysts 		4.0 7.6 2011 15.9 Days CHF 2200 Submit
Energies
energies 		3.2 7.3 2008 16.8 Days CHF 2600 Submit
Modelling
modelling 		1.5 2.2 2020 24.9 Days CHF 1200 Submit

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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20 pages, 5989 KB  
Article
UV and Visible Radiation Characteristics of Thermoacoustic Instabilities in an Ammonia–Methane Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustor
by Junhui Ma, Xianglan Fu, Dongqi Chen, Le Chang, Lingxue Wang, Yingchen Shi, Haocheng Wen and Bing Wang
Energies 2026, 19(3), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030759 - 31 Jan 2026
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a promising carbon-free energy carrier for low-carbon power generation. However, in turbulent ammonia–methane (NH3-CH4) premixed swirling flames, operating at lean conditions to limit NOX, emissions can trigger strong thermoacoustic oscillations. This study [...] Read more.
Ammonia (NH3) is a promising carbon-free energy carrier for low-carbon power generation. However, in turbulent ammonia–methane (NH3-CH4) premixed swirling flames, operating at lean conditions to limit NOX, emissions can trigger strong thermoacoustic oscillations. This study investigates thermoacoustic oscillatory instability in an NH3-CH4 swirl-stabilized combustor using the chemiluminescence of CH*, OH*, and NH* over a wide range of ammonia fuel fraction (XNH3). Combined spectral measurements and 2D chemiluminescence imaging are employed to obtain the global emission characteristics and spatial distributions of OH* and NH* in the UV band and CH* in the visible band. A custom-designed intensified CMOS (ICMOS) camera based on a high-gain UV–visible image intensifier with direct coupling is developed to enable sensitive OH* and NH* imaging (gain > 104). Frequency analysis of continuous CH* imaging, together with morphology-based principal component analysis and k-means clustering of 46 image features, shows that oscillatory combustion occurs for XNH3 < 0.40, whereas XNH3 ≥ 0.40 leads to multimode, stable combustion. As XNH3 increases, OH* and NH* fields progressively decouple from CH*, becoming more elongated and shifting downstream. These results demonstrate that UV radical chemiluminescence provides indispensable information on NH3 reaction zones and should be combined with CH* diagnostics for reliable thermoacoustic analysis and control in practical NH3-fueled combustion systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion, 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 7152 KB  
Article
Flame Structure and Flame–Flow Interaction in a Centrally Staged Burner Featuring a Diffusion Pilot
by Weishu Mo, Te Liu, Bo Wang, Guangming Ren and Xiaohua Gan
Aerospace 2025, 12(11), 1019; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12111019 - 17 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 622
Abstract
The pilot flame serves as the primary anchor for global flame stabilization in a centrally staged combustor. In engineering practice, it typically operates in the diffusion mode. The fuel non-uniformity and diffusion kinetics of the pilot flame may have a significant impact on [...] Read more.
The pilot flame serves as the primary anchor for global flame stabilization in a centrally staged combustor. In engineering practice, it typically operates in the diffusion mode. The fuel non-uniformity and diffusion kinetics of the pilot flame may have a significant impact on the flow and flames within the combustor. The flame structure and flame–flow interaction in a centrally staged burner featuring a diffusion pilot flame are investigated in the present paper, using high-frequency CH2O planar laser-induced fluorescence (CH2O-PLIF), CH* chemiluminescence, and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. The stratified flame (S-flame) and the lifted flame (L-flame) are identified under two-stage conditions. The S-flame and L-flame correspond to the separated flow and the merged flow of the two stages, respectively. Significant radial oscillation of the pilot stage airflow is also found. Extensive tests demonstrate that the pilot equivalence ratio (Φp) plays an important role in flame mode switching. Silicone droplets with extremely fine sizes are introduced into the pilot fuel to trace its transportation. When the oscillating pilot stage airflow rushes towards the lip in an instant, it can entrain the pilot fuel to reach the inner side of the main stage outlet. With a low pilot fuel supply and relatively low injection velocity, the pilot fuel and the hot radicals are more likely to be entrained and accumulate in larger amounts at the inner side of the main stage outlet. Consequently, the main stage premixed mixture can be ignited at the main stage outlet, forming the S-flame. The flame mode switches from S- to L-flame when the equivalence ratio increases to the point where the corresponding velocity ratio of pilot fuel to air (Vfp/Vap) approaches 1.0, with a reduced entrainment of the pilot fuel and radicals. Simultaneous CH2O-PLIF and flow field results show that when the main stage is ignited downstream, hot products cannot recirculate to the pilot stage outlet, causing the extinction of the pilot flame root. This paper reveals that the fuel diffusion characteristics of the pilot stage can dramatically change the flame structure. To achieve the ideal designed flame shape, the interaction between the pilot fuel and pilot air requires very careful treatment in practical centrally staged combustors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion, 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 3270 KB  
Article
The Effect of Combustor Material for Micro-Propulsion Systems
by David M. Dias, Pedro R. Resende and Alexandre M. Afonso
Aerospace 2025, 12(9), 820; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12090820 - 11 Sep 2025
Viewed by 3666
Abstract
The increasing demand on combustion-based micro-power generation systems, mainly due to the high energy density of hydrocarbon fuels, created a great opportunity to develop portable power devices, which can be applied on micro unmanned aerial vehicles, micro-satellite thrusters, or micro chemical reactors and [...] Read more.
The increasing demand on combustion-based micro-power generation systems, mainly due to the high energy density of hydrocarbon fuels, created a great opportunity to develop portable power devices, which can be applied on micro unmanned aerial vehicles, micro-satellite thrusters, or micro chemical reactors and sensors. Also, the need for better and cheaper communications networks and control systems has led space companies to invest in micro and meso satellites, such as CubeSat. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive and meticulous study of micro-combustion within wavy channel micro-propulsion systems, which can be applied on micro unmanned aerial vehicles or CubeSat. The primary objective was to gain a deeper comprehension of the dynamics within these complex non-linear geometries and analyze the effect of different materials on the combustion dynamics and propulsion efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Studies on Clean Energy and Combustion, 2nd Edition)
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