This paper presents the main parts in the Copernicus Program and how it supports the offshore wind sector through its satellite missions, reanalysis and other marine and climate products and services. Data from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 and...
With the launch of the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5P, lifted-off on 13 October 2017), Sentinel-4 (S-4) and Sentinel-5 (S-5)(from 2021 and 2023 onwards, respectively) operational missions of the ESA/EU Copernicus program, a massive amount of atmospheric...
The Mar Menor coastal lagoon in southeastern Spain has experienced a decline in water quality due to increased nutrient input, leading to the eutrophication of the lagoon and the occurrence of microalgal and macroalgal blooms. This study analyzes the...
Extreme events are increasing in frequency and severity due to climate change, making the littoral zone even more vulnerable and requiring continuous monitoring for its optimized management. The low-lying Ebro Delta ecosystem, located in the NW Medit...
Disaster risk management (DRM) for cultural heritage is a complex task that requires multidisciplinary cooperation. This short communication underlines the critical role of satellite remote sensing (also known as earth observation) in DRM in dealing...
In terms of its history and complexity, the Lugau/Oelsnitz mining area is a representative example of many hard coal fields in Europe. The special characteristic, however, is the low water inflow and the associated long flooding process with correspo...
Hindcasted wind and wave data, available on a coarse resolution global grid (Copernicus ERA5 dataset), are downscaled by means of the numerical model SWAN (simulating waves in the nearshore) to produce time series of wave conditions at a high resolut...
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations state that cities and human settlements need to be more inclusive, safe and resilient. In Europe cities have experienced dramatic physical, social and economic changes during the last dec...
The Copernicus Programme is a joint European initiative developed by the European Commission (EC) and the European Space Agency (ESA) to provide accurate, up-to-date, and comprehensive Earth observation data for environmental monitoring, climate chan...
Ukraine is an associate member of the European Union, and in the coming years, it is expected that all the data and services already used by European Union countries will become available for Ukraine. An important program, which is the basis for buil...
Solar irradiance data provided by the Copernicus program are crucial for several scientific, environmental, and energy management applications, but their validation by means of ground-based measurements may be necessary, especially if daily and hourl...
The Sentinel satellite constellation series, developed by the European Space Agency, represents the dedicated space component of the European Copernicus program, committed to long-term operational services in a wide range of application domains. Here...
The Copernicus program, an initiative by the European Union, offers open-access Earth observation data and high-level products through its services. However, these services are less well known in Latin America, underscoring the need to strengthen cap...
Land surface reflectance measurements from the VEGETATION program (SPOT-4, SPOT-5 and PROBA-V satellites) have led to the acquisition of consistent time-series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at a global scale. The wide imaging swath...
Single-pair differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) as well as more advanced methods, such as persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI), allow vertical displacements to be detected at the sub-centimeter level. Since 2014 free SA...
Understanding crop types and their annual cycles is key to managing natural resources, especially when the pressures on these resources are attributable to climate change and social, environmental, and economic policies. In recent years, the space se...
FLEX is an ESA Explorer Mission devoted to monitoring the health status of Earth vegetation by means of measurements of the solar-induced fluorescence, allowing an early and more direct diagnosis of the status of the photosynthetic activity. FLEX wil...
This paper focuses on a preliminary space-based detection protocol to identify proxy indicators useful to assess a specific threat to the archaeological heritage: quarry development. This research used diverse open-access satellite repositories offer...
Leonardo has been involved in the realization of several infrared payloads for Earth Observation since 1990. Among the currently in orbit operative instruments we find the two SLSTRs and PRISMA. The SLSTRs are high accuracy radiometers of the Coperni...
The study of land cover and land use dynamics are fundamental to understanding the radical changes that human activity is causing locally and globally and to analyse the continuous metamorphosis of landscape. In Europe, the Copernicus Program offers...
Active satellite remote sensors have emerged in the last years in the field of archaeology, providing new tools for monitoring extensive cultural heritage landscapes and areas. These active sensors, namely synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites, p...
Over the last 25 years, the Arctic sea ice has seen its extent decline dramatically. Passive microwave observations, with their ability to penetrate clouds and their independency to sunlight, have been used to provide sea ice concentration (SIC) meas...
The Sentinel-2 satellites in the Copernicus program provide high resolution multispectral images, which are recorded with temporal offsets up to 2.6 s. Moving aircrafts and ships are therefore observed at different positions due to the multispectral...
This paper proposes a service called intelligent routing using satellite products (IRUS) that can be used in order to analyze risks to the road infrastructure during bad weather conditions, such as heavy rainfall, storms, or floods. By diminishing mo...
The optical high spatial resolution component of the ESA Copernicus Earth Observation program is relying on the Sentinel-2 satellites. To secure the mission continuity, the Sentinel-2C unit was launched and has recently joined the Sentinel-2A and Sen...
Satellite Earth Observation (EO) sensors are becoming a vital source of information for land surface monitoring. The concept of the Virtual Constellation (VC) is gaining interest within the science community owing to the increasing number of satellit...
Land cover area estimates can be derived via design-based approaches using a probability (random) reference sample. The collection of samples is usually costly and requires an effective sampling design. Earth-Observation-based mapping approaches do n...
The elevated precision of data regarding the Earth’s surface, facilitated by the enhanced interoperability among various GNSSs (Global Navigation Satellite Systems), enables the classification of land use and land cover (LULC) via satellites eq...
SST data derived from multi-spectral infrared measurements made by the SLSTR instruments onboard the Copernicus Sentinel-3 satellites are considered reference measurements based on the design features of the SLSTR instrument. This means that regular...
Deforestation is currently among the most critical ecological issues, which need to be addressed urgently. Hence, identification of effective environmental monitoring methods is of top priority, especially in locations where no precise ground-based d...
ERA-PLANET is a wide European network comprised of 118 researchers from 35 partner institutions located in 18 countries, aiming to strengthen the European Research Area in the domain of Earth Observation (EO) in coherence with the European participat...
High buildings have generally changed the morphology of cities in recent decades, and they have a significant impact on multiple processes in the urban area. Building height is one of the criteria for urban land cover classification in local climate...
The latest improvements in infrared detectors enable the use of infrared thermography in many applications for outdoor temperature measurements through a low cost and easy to maintain solution. However, converting the radiative fluxes received by the...
The instrument Spectral Response Function (ISRF) has a strong impact on spectral calibration and the atmospheric trace gases retrievals. An accurate knowledge or a fine characterization of the ISRF shape and its FWHM (Full width at half maximum) as w...
Through the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) embarked on the satellites Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B of the Copernicus program, a large quantity of observations is routinely acquired over the oceans. A wide range of features from both oceanic (e.g., bio...
Wildfires are one of the natural hazards that the European Union is actively monitoring through the Copernicus EMS Earth observation program which continuously releases public information related to such catastrophic events. Such occurrences are the...
Seismic phenomena threaten land-based buildings, structures, and infrastructure and can transform land topography. There are two basic types of seismic phenomena, namely, tectonic and anthropogenic, which differ mainly in epicenter depth, surface imp...
In order to meet current and future efforts to reduce fuel consumption and gas emissions, an increasing number of ships are being retrofitted with one of the wind-assisted propulsion solutions. In this paper, the effects of retrofitted wind-assisted...
As part of the Copernicus program of the European Union (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) are currently operating the Sentinel-3 mission that consists of a...
Climate change is disrupting marine ecosystems, necessitating a deeper understanding of environmental and fishing-related impacts on exploited species. This study examines the effects of physical factors (temperature, thermal anomalies, salinity, sea...
This research focuses on the investigation of hydrogeological hazards in open pit coal mines. The study area is the Amyntaio sub-basin area, located in West Macedonia prefecture, Greece. A major part of the SE of this area is occupied by the Amyntaio...
The study explores the feasibility of adapting the EOStat crop monitoring system, originally designed for monitoring crop growth conditions in Poland, to fulfill the requirements of a similar system in Ukraine. The system utilizes satellite data and...
In a world threatened by climate change, the need to observe the land transformation is crucial to set environmental policies. One of the most prominent issues of environmental monitoring is the availability of updated and reliable land use data. The...
Ensuring grid stability in the transition to renewable energy sources requires accurate power demand forecasting. This study addresses the need for precise forecasting by differentiating among industrial, commercial, and residential consumers through...
Since March 2021, a series of volcanic eruptions on Iceland’s Reykjanes Peninsula has repeatedly triggered wildfires in moss-dominated heathlands—an unprecedented phenomenon in this environment. These fires have consumed extensive organic...
In the context of the Copernicus Program, EUMETSAT prioritizes the creation of an ocean color infrastructure for system vicarious calibration (OC-SVC). This work aims to reply to this need by proposing the European Radiometry Buoy and Infrastructure...
This study introduces a technique for automatically mapping built-up areas using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscattering intensity and interferometric multi-temporal coherence generated from Sentinel-1 data in the framework of the Copernicus pr...
Italy is divided into 773 Agricultural Regions (ARs) based on shared physical and agronomic characteristics. These regions offer a valuable tool for analyzing various geographical, socio-economic, and environmental aspects of agriculture, including t...
Classification of remote sensing images using machine learning models requires a large amount of training data. Collecting this data is both labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this study, the effectiveness of using pre-existing reference data on...
Freely available satellite imagery from the EU Copernicus program can record water surfaces precisely and at high temporal resolution. This paper provides the development status of the open-source demo software “WaterMaskAnalyzer” (WMA) f...
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