Autophagy is an essential catabolic process that degrades cytoplasmic components within the lysosome, therefore ensuring cell survival and homeostasis. A growing number of viruses, including members of the Herpesviridae family, have been shown to man...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as key messengers of intracellular communication in health and disease, including the lung. EVs that can be found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are released by multiple cells of the airways i...
In the longtime challenge of identifying specific, easily detectable and reliable biomarkers of IPF, BALF proteomics is providing interesting new insights into its pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first shotgun pro...
This study aimed to investigate the cytological and biochemical effects of tyrosol on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in an experimental lung injury model induced via intratracheal bleomycin (BLM) administration at 4 mg/kg. Tyrosol is a compound...
Punica protopunica Balf. is one of only two species housed by the Punica genera. Punica protopunica. Balf., known as Socotran pomegranate, is an endemic, isolated species found only in Socotra archipelago in the northwestern Indian Ocean, and is cons...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are chronic, progressive lung ailments that are characterized by distinct pathologies. Early detection biomarkers and disease mechanisms for these debilitating disea...
Benign lung diseases are common and often do not require specific treatment, but they pose challenges in the distinguishing of them from lung cancer during low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). This study presents a comprehensive methylation analysis...
Natural resins are complex mixtures of secondary metabolites produced by many plants in response to stress or injury and have long been used for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Among resin-producing genera, Commiph...
Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been described in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. In the present two-center retrospective experience, we primarily aimed to assess the cumulative risk...
The overexpression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T cell antigen 4 (CTLA-4) receptors on T cells are among the major mechanisms of tumor immunoevasion. However, the expression pattern of these receptors on T cell subpopulations of a diffe...
Background: SARS-CoV-2 related immunopathology may be the driving cause underlying severe COVID-19. Through an immunophenotyping analysis on paired bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood samples collected from mechanically ventilated patients...
The role of natural killer (NK) cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis has been discussed but is not yet clearly understood. This current study aimed to evaluate the associations between immunophenotypes, degrees of maturi...
Addressing the critical challenge in the differential diagnosis of severe inflammatory lung diseases, we propose a novel methodology for the analysis of macrophage surface receptors, CD68 and CD206, using specific non-antibody ligands. We developed a...
Fungi of the genus Aspergillus are widespread in the environment, where they produce large quantities of airborne conidia. Inhalation of Aspergillus spp. conidia in immunocompromised individuals can cause a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from hyp...
Background: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) remains a common complication following lung transplantation and is a major risk factor for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Although transbronchial biopsy (TBB) is the diagnostic gold standard, it...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causal agent of one of the most devastating infectious diseases worldwide, can evade or modulate the host immune response and remain dormant for many years. In this review, we focus on identifying the local immune resp...
In this study, we found that chloroform fraction (CF) from TJP ethanolic extract inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and intracellular ROS in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) a...
Background: The characteristics and roles of microbes in the occurrence and development of pulmonary nodules are still unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the microbial mNGS results of BALF from 229 patients with pulmonary nodules before su...
Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a disease of unknown aetiology. Little is known of the predictive factors of fibrosis. It has been suggested that PAI-1, uPA, TGF-β1, VEGF, IL-8, TNF-α influence this process. The aim of the study was to assess airway inf...
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a form of chronic and irreversible fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology. Although antifibrotic treatments have shown a reduction of lung function decline and a slow disease progression, IPF is ch...
Obesity has emerged as a significant global public health challenge, yet the clinical utility of existing anti-obesity drugs is often constrained by limited efficacy and adverse safety profiles. Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf., a traditional medicin...
Mild–moderate equine asthma (MEA) is a very common but underdiagnosed pulmonary disease in horses, with mild cases not showing clinical respiratory signs. This study evaluates the influence of a standardized lunging exercise test (SLET) on bron...
Background: Early identification of irreversible pulmonary vascular remodeling in congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (C-PAH) is critical for optimizing surgical timing. Current noninvasive diagnostic methods are inade...
Background/Objectives: Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) averages signals across heterogeneous cell populations. Computational deconvolution methods aim to infer cell type composition and cell type-specific gene expression from bulk data, but their perfo...
Leucas virgata Balf.f. (Lamiaceae) was collected from the Island Soqotra (Yemen) and its essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of the oil was investigated by GC and GC-MS. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated...
The Socotra dragon`s blood tree (Dracaena cinnabari Balf.) is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. This iconic species plays an essential role in the survival of associated organisms, acting as an umbrella tree. Overexploitation, overgrazing by...
Leaves are essential plant organs with numerous variations in shape and size. The leaf size is generally smaller in plants that thrive in areas of higher elevation and lower annual mean temperature. The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is situated at an...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. Although some clinical studies have speculated that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a major contributor of RSV-mediated airway disease, expe...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as the third leading cause of death among adults, is a significant public health problem around the world. However, about 75% of smokers do not develop the disease despite the severe smoking burden. COPD...
Industrial production generates aerosols of complex composition, including an ultrafine fraction. This is typical for mining and metallurgical industries, welding processes, and the production and recycling of electronics, batteries, etc. Since nano-...
(1) Background: Respiratory problems may be associated with pathogens among which viruses may play an important role in causing or promoting clinical signs. However, traditional diagnostic methods for equine infectious diseases, such as PCR, are limi...
Smoking causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Though recent studies identified a COPD metabolomic signature in blood, no large studies examine the metabolome in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, a more direct representation of lung c...
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) devices produce reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, which have antimicrobial and antiviral effects, while also affecting the molecular and cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. This study investigates the ef...
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of single-stranded RNA that forms a covalently closed continuous loop, unlike linear RNA. The expression of circRNAs in mammals is often conserved across species and shows tissue and cell specificity. Some circRNA ser...
Lung cancer represents the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with around 1.8 million deaths in 2020. For this reason, there is an enormous interest in finding early diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic approaches, one of which is...
The secondary immunomodulatory effects of conventional therapeutics, such as antibiotics and cytostatics, are frequently overlooked despite their significant clinical implications. Building on our previous findings that drugs like paclitaxel and doxo...
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and severe disease with a median survival of ∼3 years. Several risk factors have been identified, such as age, genetic predisposition, tobacco exposure, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disea...
Asthma is the most common pediatric disease, characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. There are several management options for asthma, but no specific treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are powerful cellular m...
Background: A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-induced pneumonia (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 in China, spreading worldwide. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the immunological response and the clinical subset of peripheral ly...
Rheum tanguticum (Maxim. ex Regel) Balf. is one of three botanical sources of Dahuang and exhibits chemical and processing variability that complicates species attribution and quality assessment. This review aims to synthesize species-specific phytoc...
Fungal tracheobronchitis caused by Aspergillus and Candida spp. is a recognized complication after lung transplantation, but knowledge of the incidence of Candida tracheobronchitis is lacking. The diagnosis relies on fungal cultures in bronchoalveola...
Aim: In the present study, we assessed the diagnostic value of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and cancer antigens 125 (CA125) and 15-3 (CA15-3) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of lung cancer from 79 enrolled patients with suspected lung cancer....
Objectives: IP-10 has been proposed as a new diagnostic biomarker for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (MTBI). However, data on IP-10 concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for pediatric tuberculosis are lacking. Aim: To determine I...
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) results from alveolar capillary stress failure after strenuous exercise, leading to bleeding and pulmonary inflammation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology is considered the gold standard for the...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia presents diagnostic challenges in AIDS patients, as plasma monitoring often fails to reflect pulmonary viral burden. This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) CMV DN...
To overcome the limitations of the tissue biopsy and plasma cfDNA liquid biopsy, we performed the EV-based BALF liquid biopsy of 224 newly diagnosed stage III-IV NSCLC patients and compared it with tissue genotyping and 110 plasma liquid biopsies. Is...
Fungal exposure is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma in horses, but the importance of specific fungi is unknown. Geographic variation in equine asthmatic endotypes is suspected and might be related to different fungal exposures due to...
Lung cancer is considered one of the most fatal malignant neoplasms because of its late detection. Detecting molecular markers in samples from routine bronchoscopy, including many liquid-based cytology procedures, such as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid...
Sarcoidosis is a systemic interstitial lung disease of unknown aetiology. Less invasive diagnostics are needed to decipher disease pathology and to distinguish sub-phenotypes. Here we test if SpotLight proteomics, which combines de novo MS/MS sequenc...
(1) The cells from the monocyte line play an important role as regulators of cancer development and progression. Monocytes present pro- and anti-tumor immunity and differentiation into macrophages. Macrophages are predominant in the lung cancer envir...
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