Unveiling Equine Exercise Physiology for Peak Performance and Optimal Health

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Equids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 742

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: equine; internal medicine; sports medicine; respiratory medicine; equine asthma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Equine Sports Medicine Practice, 83 Avenue Beau Séjour, 1410 Waterloo, Belgium
Interests: equine; internal medicine; sports medicine; exercise physiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The horse is a remarkable athlete, capable of extraordinary achievements across a wide variety of disciplines, from sprinting at speeds of up to 70 km/h in short gallop races (1,000 m) to long-distance endurance rides (up to 160 km in a day). Horses also demonstrate exceptional technical skills, jumping high obstacles over challenging show jumping courses, performing elegant movements like piaffe and passage in dressage, or executing explosive actions in Western competitions, such as spins and sliding stops.

Achieving such remarkable feats can subject the horse’s physical and mental capacities to significant stress. Mismanagement of stress can lead to a decline in athletic performance and, in worst case scenarios, injury. As a result, a comprehensive understanding of equine physiology is essential not only for enhancing performance but also for safeguarding the horse’s health. In today’s world, this responsibility extends beyond the athlete and their handlers. Public perception of animal welfare in sports is increasingly influential, placing heightened scrutiny on the ethical treatment of sport horses. To maintain the social license to operate, it is crucial that the industry prioritizes transparency, education, and welfare.

While there are numerous studies and publications investigating equine exercise physiology, the integration of new technologies—such as GPS, heart rate monitors, inertial sensors, and AI-driven movement analysis—offers transformative tools for veterinarians and trainers. These innovations help fine-tune training regimens, enable early detection of potential health issues, and contribute to injury prevention, all of which are vital to the welfare of sport horses.

This Special Issue brings together research on all aspects of equine sports medicine, examining the respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and gastrointestinal systems, along with behavioral studies. Its goal is to not only advance our understanding of equine exercise physiology but also to increase awareness of animal welfare, thereby ensuring the responsible management of sport horses in line with the growing expectations of the public.

Dr. Luca Stucchi
Dr. Emmanuelle Van Erck
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • equine sports medicine
  • equine exercise physiology
  • horse performance
  • horse welfare
  • social license to operate

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 241 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Adaptation of Heart Rate and Autonomic Regulation During Training and Recovery Periods in Response to a 12-Week Structured Exercise Programme in Untrained Adult and Geriatric Horses
by Thita Wonghanchao, Kanokpan Sanigavatee, Chanoknun Poochipakorn, Onjira Huangsaksri and Metha Chanda
Animals 2025, 15(8), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15081122 - 13 Apr 2025
Viewed by 327
Abstract
Changes in resting heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) are utilised to assess training effects in horses. However, limited research has examined how these variables reflect training effects during exercise sessions and recovery periods, particularly in horses of different ages. This study [...] Read more.
Changes in resting heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) are utilised to assess training effects in horses. However, limited research has examined how these variables reflect training effects during exercise sessions and recovery periods, particularly in horses of different ages. This study investigated how HR and HRV changed during exercise sessions and recovery periods in untrained adult horses (UAHs; n = 9) and geriatric horses (UGHs; n = 9). HR and HRV were measured before and during a 54 min exercise bout over a 12-week training programme. Mixed-effects model with Greenhouse–Geisser correction was used for statistical analysis. The duration of elevated mean HR, sympathetic nervous system index, and stress index during the exercise sessions gradually decreased over the 12 weeks for both UAHs and UGHs. However, this decrease was faster in UAHs than in UGHs. Mean HR consistently decreased during the exercise sessions for both UAHs and UGHs over the 12 weeks. Furthermore, HRV returned to baseline faster in UAHs than in UGHs during the exercise bouts. These results indicate that the 12-week structured exercise programme positively influenced HR and HRV adaptation during exercise and recovery periods in UAHs and UGHs, with the adaptations differing dynamically between them. Full article
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