Cancer is a multifaceted disease characterised by uncontrolled cellular proliferation and metastasis, resulting in significant global mortality. Current therapeutic strategies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, face challenges s...
This review focuses on the surface modification of metallic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Metallic nanoparticles, owing to their unique size, stability, and payload capacity, have emerged as promising drug carriers. However, their applica...
Curcumin is one of the most promising natural therapeutics for use against Alzheimer’s disease. The major limitations of curcumin are its low oral bioavailability and difficulty in permeating the blood–brain barrier. Therefore, designing...
Background: Tumor-targeting bacteriophages can be used as a versatile new platform for the delivery of diagnostic imaging agents and therapeutic cargo. This became possible due to the development of viral capsid modification method. Earlier in our la...
Hypergraph Neural Networks (HGNNs) have become an important tool for processing complex structured data due to their ability to model higher-order associative relationships. However, the inherent adversarial vulnerabilities of HGNNs may raise serious...
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes multiple infections that can become severe, mainly in hospitalized patients. Its high ability to persist on abiotic surfaces and to resist stressors, together with its high genomic plast...
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in cell signaling and they are often deregulated in disease. This review addresses recent advances in the development of heterobifunctional small molecules that enable targeting or hijacki...
DNA-targeted drugs constitute a specialized category of pharmaceuticals developed for cancer treatment, directly influencing various cellular processes involving DNA. These drugs aim to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects by specific...
Spherical gold nanoparticles (GNPs), whose unique properties regarding biomedical applications were broadly investigated, are an object of interest as nanocarriers in drug targeted delivery systems (DTDSs). The possibility of surface functionalizatio...
DNA damage in astronauts induced by cosmic radiation poses a major barrier to human space exploration. Cellular responses and repair of the most lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are crucial for genomic integrity and cell survival. Post-translat...
Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone metabolic diseases that affects mainly the health of elderly people. It is a kind of prevalent chronic disease, and the conventional treatment methods have some limitations or side effects. Targ...
Achieving high efficiency, targeted gene delivery with adenoviral vectors is a long-standing goal in the field of clinical gene therapy. To achieve this, platform vectors must combine efficient retargeting strategies with detargeting modifications to...
There are two paralogs of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in humans encoded by the GLUD1 and GLUD2 genes as a result of a recent retroposition during the evolution of primates. The two human GDHs possess significantly different regulation by allosteric...
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy characterised by its invasive nature and poor therapeutic outcomes. These characteristics are closely associated with its complex biological characteristics and significant heterogeneity. Post-trans...
Soil health is a major environmental concern. Biochars are a promising solution to address both soil contamination and amendment. They represent a sustainable valorisation alternative for solid wastes produced in huge amounts, namely agroforestry res...
While traditional combination anticancer treatments have shown promising results, there remains significant interest in developing innovative methods to enhance and integrate chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This study introduces a recombinant fusion...
Antimicrobial peptides are potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics, primarily due to broad-spectrum activity and low propensity for inducing bacterial resistance. However, their clinical translation faces challenges, including peptide stab...
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is increasingly conceptualized not as an isolated hippocampal lesion, but as a complex, multiscale limbic network connectomic disorder. Despite advances in pharmacological management, over 30% of patients experience drug-...
Epitranscriptomic modifications, particularly RNA methylations, have emerged as regulators of gene expression, with their dysregulation acting as a key factor in tumorigenesis and metastatic progression. This review evaluates the therapeutic landscap...
Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, is highly invasive and neurologically destructive. The mean survival for glioblastoma patients is approximately 15 months and there is no effective therapy to significantly increase su...
The biological significance of chemical modifications to the ribonucleic acid (RNA) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has been recognized. However, our understanding of the site-specific and context-dependent roles of these chemical modi...
Polypod-like structured nucleic acids (polypodnas), which are nanostructured DNAs, are useful for delivering cytosine-phosphate guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) expressing Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) for imm...
Biopharmaceuticals have developed rapidly in recent years due to the remarkable progress in gene recombination and cell culture technologies. Since the basic structure of biopharmaceuticals can be designed and modified, it is possible to control the...
Obesity has emerged as a global health challenge, closely associated with multiple metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The traditional “calories-in minus calories-out&rdqu...
Breast cancer, the most frequent malignancy in women worldwide, is a molecularly and clinically very heterogeneous disease. Triple-negative breast cancer is defined by the absence of hormone receptor and growth factor receptor ERBB2/HER2 expression....
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of brain tumor, and the clinically available approaches for its treatment are not curative. Despite the intensive research, biological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier (BB...
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is commonly managed with dietary and lifestyle intervention, and weight loss is often used as a key marker of treatment success. However, changes in body weight alone do not fully descr...
Deciphering the protein posttranslational modification (PTM) code is one of the greatest biochemical challenges of our time. Phosphorylation and ubiquitylation are key PTMs that dictate protein function, recognition, sub-cellular localization, stabil...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-secreted nanovesicles that play an important role in long-range cell–cell communication. Although EVs pose a promising alternative to cell-based therapy, targeted in vivo delivery still falls short. Many st...
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) intended for therapeutic usage are required to be thoroughly characterized, which has promoted an extensive effort towards the understanding of the structures and heterogeneity of this major class of molecules...
Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is an attractive method for drug delivery with convenient application, less first-pass effect, and fewer systemic side effects. Among all generations of TDDS, transdermal nanocarriers show the greatest clinical...
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, referring to cancers of the digestive system such as colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), and liver cancer, is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. A series of genetic, epigenetic, and epitranscr...
Epigenetics, referring to genetic modifications that change gene expression, but which are not encoded in DNA, has been shown to be related to oncology, with the potential to influence associated treatments. As such, epigenetic drugs comprise an impo...
Nanomedicine harnesses the unique benefits of nanocarriers to markedly enhance drugs targeting tumors, which is becoming a promising approach to achieve precise and effective antitumor therapy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural nanoscale entities...
Protein lipidation, a pivotal post-translational modification, dynamically regulates cellular signaling, membrane trafficking, and protein stability, with emerging roles in reproductive physiology. However, the systematic understanding of how distinc...
Dysregulated lipid metabolism constitutes the fundamental etiology underlying the global burden of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant reversible chemical modification on messenger RNA and inf...
Chemical modifications are the standard for small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in therapeutic applications, but predicting their off-target effects remains a significant challenge. Current approaches often rely on sequence-based encodings, which fail to...
Tumor aggressiveness and progression is highly dependent on the process of metastasis, regulated by the coordinated interplay of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Metastasis involves several steps of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), anoik...
Necroptosis, a distinct form of regulated necrosis implicated in various human pathologies, is orchestrated through sophisticated signaling pathways. During this process, cells undergoing necroptosis exhibit characteristic necrotic morphology and pro...
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are emerging therapeutic agents that modulate gene expression at the RNA level, offering distinct therapeutic advantages over conventional small-molecule drugs and biologics. By directly targeting RNA, ASOs expand th...
Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNPs) have attracted much interest for their potential medical applications due to their desirable magnetic properties. However, their potential cytotoxicity, high RES clearance in circulation, and nonspecific dist...
In-cell nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a method to provide the structural information of a target at an atomic level under physiological conditions and a full view of the conformational changes of a protein caused by ligand binding, post-transla...
Protein tyrosine sulfation (PTS), an important post-translational modification (PTM), has garnered increasing attention in life sciences in recent years. Following classical and emerging PTMs such as phosphorylation, lactylation, acetylation, and pal...
The genome editing approach using the components of the CRISPR/Cas system has found wide application in molecular biology, fundamental medicine and genetic engineering. A promising method is to increase the efficacy and specificity of CRISPR/Cas-base...
Peptides can act as targeting molecules, analogously to oligonucleotide aptamers and antibodies. They are particularly efficient in terms of production and stability in physiological environments; in recent years, they have been increasingly studied...
Anthocyanins, an important class of flavonoids, determine the color quality of many horticultural crops and influence their postharvest quality. Their accumulation is controlled by the phenylpropanoid–flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and by post-...
The increasing life expectancy of humans has led to an increase in the number of patients with chronic diseases and organ failure. However, the imbalance between the supply and the demand for human organs is a serious problem in modern transplantolog...
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant public health concern because of its lethality, underscoring the need for deeper insights into its molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the role of epigenetic modifications as cr...
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is one of the most commonly used genetic transformation method that involves transfer of foreign genes into target plants. Agroinfiltration, an Agrobacterium-based transient approach and the breakthrough discover...
Gene editing and gene silencing techniques have the potential to revolutionize our knowledge of biology and diseases of fish and other aquatic animals. By using such techniques, it is feasible to change the phenotype and modify cells, tissues and org...
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