Energy routers act as an interface between the distribution network and electrical facilities, which meet the requirements of clean energy substitution and achieve the energy sharing and information transmission in the energy network. However, the pr...
Ensuring a protection scheme in a DC distribution system is more difficult to achieve against pole-to-ground faults than in AC distribution system because of the absence of zero crossing points and low line impedance. To complement the major obstacle...
In order to solve the imminent problem in that the traditional protection strategy cannot meet time requirements, together with the fact that the rotational inertia of a DC microgrid is small and short-circuit fault develops rapidly, a bidirectional...
This paper proposes a new and surge-less solid-state direct current (DC) circuit breaker in a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system to clear the short-circuit fault. The main purpose is the fast interruption and surge-voltage and ove...
The occurrence of short-circuit faults in AC/DC microgrids gives rise to exceptionally high currents with rapid escalation, particularly in DC feeders where current zero-crossing is absent. This study introduces a comprehensive design procedure for a...
The concept of more electric aircraft (MEA) has gained popularity over the last few decades. As the power level of electric loads is constantly increasing, the installation of advanced protection systems becomes of paramount importance. In this conte...
Electric propulsion and integrated hybrid power systems can improve the energy efficiency and fuel consumption of different kinds of vessels. If the vessel power system is based on DC grid distribution, some benefits such as higher generator efficien...
Ferroresonance, as an undesirable disturbance, leads to significant overvoltage and distorted waveforms. This phenomenon can be highly damaging to voltage transformers and other parallel-connected equipment and can entail catastrophic consequences. T...
Solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) provide fast, arcless fault clearance, resulting in a longer service life compared to mechanical circuit breakers (MCBs) in DC grids. Black-start operations refers to the process of restarting a grid without an ex...
As the continuous consumption of non-renewable energy leads to resource shortages, distributed PV generation technology has received widespread attention. The DC microgrid is an effective way to connect distributed PV generation. However, DC microgri...
Designing solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) involves a large discrete design space spanning MOSFET type, bypass configuration, and heatsink selection. This work formulates SSCB design as a multi-objective combinatorial optimisation problem that mi...
In this study, a low voltage solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) was implemented for a DC distribution system using commercially available components. The design process of the high-side static switch was enabled through a voltage bias. Detailed funct...
Circuit breakers (CBs) are the main protection devices for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) power systems, ranging from tens of watts up to megawatts. This paper reviews the current status for solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs)...
To address the challenges of prolonged current isolation times and high dependency on varistors in traditional flexible short-circuit fault isolation schemes for DC systems, this paper proposes a rapid fault isolation circuit design based on an adapt...
To address the turn-off overvoltage challenge arising from the rapid interruption of Low Voltage DC Solid-State Circuit Breakers (SSCBs), this paper proposes a high-precision behavioral modeling method for domestic SiC MOSFETs. The model is construct...
This paper presents and parameterizes an equivalent circuit model of an all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery cell, filling a gap in the literature associated with low computational intensity models suitable for embedded battery management applicati...
Silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) have the advantages of high-frequency switching capability and the capability to withstand high temperatures, which are suitable for switching devices in a direct curr...
Due to the lower on-state resistance, direct current (DC) solid state circuit breakers (SSCBs) based on silicon-carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) can reduce on-state losses and the investment of the cooling sy...
For the pulsed electric field treatment of plant material on an industrial scale, Marx-type pulse modulators are used as a pulse source. The combination of a conventional Marx generator design equipped with solid-state switches with the concept of re...
Solid-state DC circuit breakers provide crucial support for the safe and reliable operation of low-voltage DC distribution networks. A hardware topology based on a cascaded structure with dual-stage, current-limiting, small-capacity, solid-state DC c...
The solid-state Marx pulse generator is widely used in various fields such as biomedical electroporation, food processing, and plasma material modification. In this paper, an inductor is chosen as an isolation device and by adding a switch to the cir...
This paper deals with circuit breakers (CBs) used in direct current microgrids (DCMGs) for protection against electrical faults, focusing on their evolution and future challenges in low voltage (<1.5 kV) and medium voltage (between 1.5 kV and 20 k...
Modeling the non-electrical processes by equivalent electrical circuits is a widely known and successfully used technique in research and development. Although finite element methods software development has supplanted electrical analogy techniques d...
The aim of this feature article is to provide a deep insight into the origin of the kink effects affecting the output reflection coefficient (S22) and the short-circuit current-gain (h21) of solid-state electronic devices. To gain a clear and compreh...
Since the voltages and currents in dc grids do not have a natural zero-crossing, the protection of these grids is more challenging than the protection of conventional ac grids. Literature presents several unit and non-unit protection schemes that rel...
Vacuum arc commutation is an important process in natural-commutate hybrid direct current (DC) circuit breaker (NHCB) interruption, as the duration of vacuum arc commutation will directly affect the arcing time and interrupting time of NHCB. In this...
Solid-state supercapacitors (SSCs) consist of porous carbon electrodes and gel-polymer electrolytes and are used in novel energy storage applications. The current study aims to simulate the impedance of SSCs using a clearly defined equivalent circuit...
This paper introduces a Solid State Circuit Breaker with Latching and Current Limiting capabilities for DC distribution systems. The proposed circuit uses very few electronic parts and it is fully analog. A SiC N-MOSFET driven by a photovoltaic drive...
This study investigates four semi-solid-state battery cell types by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy to characterize fresh cathodes from unabused cells according to their electrolyte systems and interphase strategies. Their safety behaviour is...
A thermal network will be presented to model a multi-layer structure consisting of a semiconductor structure, integrated Peltier heat pump and a cooling fin. A criterion will be set up to determine the optimal Peltier current to minimise the chip tem...
A new bi-directional circuit breaker is presented for medium-voltage dc (MVDC) systems. The Y-source impedance network topology is used to implement the breaker. The current transfer function is derived to show the frequency response and the breaker...
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is becoming more and more relevant for the characterization of biosensors employing interdigitated electrodes. We compare four different sensor topologies for an exemplary use case of ion sensing to extrac...
The polymer electrolyte based on Dx:Cs:Mg(CH3COO)2:Ni with three different glycerol concentrations have been prepared. The impedance study has verified that the electrolyte with 42 wt.% of glycerol (A3) has the highest ionic conductivity of 7.71 &tim...
Solid-state photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) solar energy converters are newly proposed devices that can directly convert solar energy into electrical power at high temperatures. An analytical model based on a one-dimensional steady-state e...
Increasing attention has been paid to the safety and efficiency of batteries due to the rapid development and widespread use of electric vehicles. Solid-state batteries have the advantages of good safety, high energy density, and strong cycle perform...
Due to the working condition of low-voltage cabling from the mining flameproof movable substation to the loads of the mining face being poor, it is easy to cause various external mechanical damages to the cable sheaths. Furthermore, a single-phase ea...
Due to the interconnected scheme of multiple components, such as distributed generators, storage systems, and loads through converters to a common bus in DC microgrids, the possibility of fault occurrence is increasing significantly. Meanwhile, due t...
In response to an increasing demand for offshore turbine-based technology installations, this paper proposes to design a DC collection system for multi-connected direct drive turbines. Using tidal stream farm as the testbed model, inverter design and...
The current trend in distributed electric aircraft propulsion systems is to utilize the DC bus system at higher voltage levels than conventional aircraft systems. With Boeing and Airbus utilizing the +/−270 V bipolar DC bus system, the research...
The pulse laser emission circuit plays a crucial role as the emission unit of time-of-flight (TOF) LiDAR. This paper proposes a nanosecond-level pulse laser diode array drive circuit for LiDAR, primarily aimed at addressing the issue of high-speed sc...
In solid-state high-voltage pulse generators, switches may be triggered on by fault due to electromagnetic interference, resulting in high through current and breakdown of switches. To generate rectangular high-voltage pulses, this paper proposes a s...
This paper presents a symmetrical topology for the design of solid-state transformer; made up of power switching converters; to replace conventional bulky transformers. The proposed circuitry not only reduces the overall size but also provides power...
An ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (MPII), was solidified with an organic hole-transporting material, 4,4′,4″-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), and the resulting solid-state redox mediator (RM)...
This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of high-voltage, high-frequency pulse generation techniques for Pockels cell drivers. These drivers are critical in electro-optic systems for laser modulation, where nanosecond-scale voltage pu...
Solid-state batteries offer significant advantages but present several challenges. Given the complexity of these systems, it is good practice to begin the study with simpler models and progressively advance to more complex configurations, all while m...
While traditional AC mechanical circuit breakers can protect AC circuits, many other DC power distribution technologies, such as DC microgrids (MGs), yield superior disruption performance, e.g., faster and more reliable switching speeds. However, nov...
This article reviews MIT Lincoln Laboratory's work over the past 20 years to develop photon-sensitive image sensors based on arrays of silicon Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes. Integration of these detectors to all-digital CMOS readout circuits enab...
Elastocaloric cooling is an emerging solid-state refrigeration technology that leverages the latent heat exchange of shape memory alloys under mechanical stress. This study investigates the energy performance of a solid-to-solid elastocaloric cooling...
Solid-state electrolytes are the key materials for the fabrication of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Their intrinsic ionic conductivity corresponds to the bulk resistance in the low-impedance measurement field. The current mainstream characte...
In this paper, the performance of an analog PI
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