Each safety-related function must be implemented with a defined safety integrity level (SIL) if the control system implements safety-related functions (SFs) in addition to the standard control functions. The required SIL of the SF depends on the quan...
The safety of small CNC (Computer Numerical Control) milling machines is typically ensured through organizational measures. However, when such a CNC milling machine is used in a manner that may involve contact with untrained individuals or children (...
The left hard shoulder plays an important role in the event of an emergency on the inside of a multi-lane highway, but past studies have not been able to clarify the criteria for its installation or quantify the safety impact of its installation on t...
Traffic accident avoidance and mitigation are the main targets of accident research and vehicle safety development worldwide. Despite improving advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and active safety systems, it will not be possible to avoid all...
To address the problems of inferior-quality data and excessive PSF post-corrections in practical LPV safety control, this paper proposes a safe Q-learning control method integrated with influence function and PSF correction feedback. First, an influe...
Today, a lot of research on autonomous driving technology is being conducted, and various vehicles with autonomous driving functions, such as ACC (adaptive cruise control) are being released. The autonomous vehicle recognizes obstacles ahead by the f...
A class of fault-tolerant safety-critical controller design methods based on high-order control barrier function (HOCBF) is proposed to address the problem of safety and stability of system affected by actuator faults in safety-constrained nonlinear...
In electrohydraulic operation benches (EHOB), one of the significant challenges of advancing toward intelligent control is ensuring operational safety under time-varying constraints, where excessive position or velocity may cause mechanical damage or...
Compared with common bridges, large-span cable-supported bridges contain more components, are located in a more complex environment, and play a more important role in traffic system sustainability. Throughout the service life, it is more necessary to...
Control-barrier-function-based safety filters are promising for autonomous driving, but most existing formulations treat obstacle perception as deterministic or account only for bounded ego state-estimation errors. This becomes limiting when obstacle...
Safety control based on barrier functions has gradually become one of the emerging and more important directions in the field of safety. Scholars are attempting to apply barrier functions to integer-order dynamical systems, such as general nonlinear...
The ability to assess the risks of the functional safety of railway tracks allows harmonizing characteristics of track elements under certain operating conditions under certain maintenance for the efficient use of the track structure throughout its l...
The selection of criteria in the developed methods of analysis and evaluation has a significant impact on the implemented decision-making processes. For this reason, the very process of identifying the correct criteria is a research challenge worth u...
Functional safety networks are becoming of paramount importance in industrial systems, due to the progressive innovation introduced by the Industry 4.0 paradigm, characterized by high production flexibility, reliability and scalability. In this conte...
Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) play a key role in identifying hotspots. Most SPFs were built at the micro-level, such as for road intersections or segments. On the other hand, in case of regional transportation planning, it may be useful to esti...
Are the regulations relating to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) sufficient to ensure the safety of all autonomy systems? EMC is one of the critical factors influencing the proper functioning of a vehicle and its safety. However, the safety of aut...
The reliable operation of the sensors of robot joint drive systems (RJDs) is a key factor in ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. Over the years, additional safety-related systems have been designed to prevent safety incidents caused by ro...
This article addresses current problems of risk analysis and probabilistic modelling for functional safety management in the life cycle of safety-related systems. Two main stages in the lifecycle of these systems are distinguished, namely the design...
The lack of standardized functional safety information limits the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in Brazil. This study proposes a voluntary Brazilian safety labeling program for critical EV subsystems, based on ISO 26262:2018 (Functional Safety)...
Modern explosion protection equipment, protected by traditional explosion protection technology (as defined by the international electrotechnical commission (IEC) publication IEC60079-ff series standards) and electrical/electronic/programmable electr...
Ensuring safety while retaining maximum performance is a basic requirement for automatic cyber-physical systems, especially for safety-critical applications. A quadratic programming optimization framework called MPC-CBF has recently been presented, w...
Over the last decade, fruit juice consumption has increased. Their rise in popularity can be attributed to the belief that they are a quick way to consuming a dietary portion of fruit. Probiotics added to fruit juices produce various bioactive compou...
The safety of robotics and automation technologies is a significant concern for stakeholders in Industry 5.0. Ensuring cost-effectiveness and inherent safety requires applying the defense-in-depth principle. This paper introduces a novel risk-informe...
Background: Radioligand therapy (RLT) targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an effective antitumor-treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC). Concerns of potential nephrotoxicity are based on renal tubul...
ISO26262: 2018 is an international functional safety standard for electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems within road vehicles. It provides appropriate safety requirements for road vehicles to avoid unreasonable residual risk according to automoti...
This study investigates the realization and verification of safety-related functions of the KZ-MPC-MA national modular microprocessor-based railway interlocking system for Kazakhstan. The work focuses on the realization stage of the IEC 61508 safety...
In the last decade, modern vehicles have become very complex, being equipped with embedded electronic systems which include more than a thousand of electronic control units (ECUs). Therefore, it is mandatory to analyze the potential risk of automotiv...
The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) initial version provides several safety performances functions (SPFs) that can be used to predict collisions on a roadway network. The calibration of the HSM SPFs for Fatal and Injury (FI), Property Damage Only (PDO),...
Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a potent phenolic compound derived from olives, has attracted significant attention due to its exceptional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in the...
Industry 4.0 has significantly improved the industrial manufacturing scenario in recent years. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enables the creation of globally interconnected smart factories, where constituent elements seamlessly exchange in...
The simulation of electronic control function failure has been utilized broadly as an evaluation method when determining the Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL). The driver model is quite critical in the ASIL evaluation simulation. A new driver...
In satellite formation flying, maintaining a predefined safety distance between the reference satellite and its accompanying satellites is critical to prevent collisions—a requirement that traditional control methods fail to satisfy. This paper...
This paper presents a first-of-its-kind evaluation of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) within a Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) framework for risk analysis in machinery functional safety, adhering to ISO 12100. The methodology systematically address...
Electro-mechanical brake (EMB) systems have garnered significant attention due to their distributed architecture. However, their signals from the brake pedal to the wheel-end actuators (WEAs) are transmitted electrically, meaning that any fault in EM...
During menopause, women experience various symptoms including hot flashes, mood changes, insomnia, and sweating. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used as the main treatment for menopausal symptoms; however, other options are required for wo...
Designing provably safe controllers for high-dimensional nonlinear systems with formal guarantees represents a fundamental challenge in control theory. While control barrier functions (CBFs) provide safety certificates through forward invariance, man...
This paper examines the transferability of the Safety Performance Function (SPF) of the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) and other 10 international SPFs for total crashes on rural multi-lane divided roads in Egypt. Four segmentation approaches are assesse...
Traditional fermented foods are favored by people around the world for their positive health and taste advantages. Many of the fermented foods, including Chinese traditional fermented foods, are produced through mixed-culture fermentation. Apart from...
The increasing number and complexity of cyber–physical systems in vehicles necessitate a rigorous approach to identifying functional safety and cybersecurity hazards during the concept phase of product development. This study establishes a syst...
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted considerable attention as versatile fluorescent nanomaterials in the domains of food safety and preservation, primarily due to their tunable photoluminescence, high aqueous dispersibility, and favorable bioco...
A safety and arming device with a condition feedback function has been designed in this article to improve the intelligence and safety of ignition devices. The device achieves active control and recoverability by virtue of four groups of bistable mec...
Edible insects can be converted into flours, defatted powders, protein concentrates, isolates, hydrolysates, lipid fractions and chitin-rich ingredients. This targeted narrative review of 45 cited sources, including 18 original studies in the core pr...
Although deep reinforcement learning has achieved great success in the field of autonomous driving, it still faces technical obstacles, such as balancing safety and efficiency in complex driving environments. This paper proposes a deep reinforcement...
Endogenous safety and security (ESS), which advocates for designing systems that are inherently safe and secure by nature, has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for addressing the inherent vulnerabilities of information systems. The Dynamic Heterogeneous...
Automated Vehicles (AVs) are attracting attention as a safer mobility option thanks to the recent advancement of various sensing technologies that realize a much quicker Perception–Reaction Time than Human-Driven Vehicles (HVs). However, AVs ar...
The novel Stator Cage Drive marks a paradigm shift in electrical machine design by substituting layers of windings with stator bars that are short-circuited on one end of the machine. Those bars are individually fed from the opposite end of the machi...
Transparent reasoning and interpretability are essential for AI-supported risk assessment, yet it remains unclear whether large language models (LLMs) can provide reliable, deterministic support for safety-critical tasks or merely simulate reasoning...
This article outlines an integrated functional safety and cybersecurity evaluation approach within a framework for business continuity management (BCM) in energy companies, including those using Industry 4.0 business and technical solutions. In such...
Reasonably foreseeable misuse by persons, as a primary aspect of safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF), has a significant effect on cooperation performance for lane keeping. This paper presents a novel human–machine cooperative control scheme...
This paper focuses on the safety-critical fixed-time formation control of quadrotor UAVs with disturbance and obstacle collision risk. The control scheme is organized in a distributed manner, with the leader’s position and velocity being estima...
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