Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a complex medium in which added insulin can become unstable. The aim of this study is, therefore, to evaluate the stability of insulin in PN and to identify influencing factors. Methods: A total of 20 IU/L of...
Insulin resistance is more common in the elderly, and with the improvement in people’s living standards and changes in lifestyle habits, the incidence of insulin resistance in other age groups is also increasing year by year. Overweight and obe...
Parenteral-nutrition (PN)-induced hyperglycemia increases morbidity and mortality and must be treated with insulin. Unfortunately, the addition of insulin to a ternary PN admixture leads to a rapid decrease in insulin content. Our study’s objec...
Amyloidosis is a heterogeneous group of protein deposition diseases associated with the presence of amyloid fibrils in tissues. Analogs of insulin that are used for treating diabetic patients (including regular insulin) can form amyloid fibrils, both...
Physical activity is integral to metabolic health, particularly in addressing insulin resistance and related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies consistently demonstrate a strong association between physical activity levels and...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ginseng berry extract on insulin sensitivity and associated molecular mechanisms in aged mice. C57BL/6 mice (15 months old) were maintained on a regular diet (CON) or a regular diet supplemented wi...
We determined whether improvements in metabolic health occur when sedentary office workers replace their regular workplace lunches with pulse-based meals (containing chickpeas, lentils, or split peas). We first tested 10 meals for favourability in 18...
10 May 2020
Diabetes mellitus is an important chronic disease causing economic and social burden. Insulin resistance is a determinant of diabetes, and regular eating patterns are an important factor in blood sugar control. This study investigated the association...
Despite the high incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) there is no consensus on the most appropriate way to manage insulin therapy. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an insulin bolus on the resolution of DKA. A retrospective chart...
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of long-term honey ingestion on metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Three groups of mice were fed with a standard diet (STD), HFD or HFD supplemented...
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Regular exercise is important for a healthy pregnancy and can lower the risk of developing GDM. For women with GDM,...
Obesity is an important health concern in horses, along with humans and companion animals. Adipose tissue is an inflammatory organ that alters the insulin-signaling cascade, ultimately causing insulin dysregulation and impaired glucose metabolism. Th...
Background: Habitual breakfast skipping is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases. However, the effects of skipping breakfast regularly versus irregularly on vascular endothelial function (VEF), a key marker...
Regular consumption of dietary sugars can cause significant damage to the β-cells. Almost a century after the discovery of insulin, it has been suggested that the frequent consumption of certain carbohydrates can damage pancreatic β-cells,...
Insulin injection relies on strict blood glucose monitoring. However, existing techniques and algorithms for blood glucose monitoring cannot be completed in a timely way. In this study, we have developed a new intelligent glucose-sensitive insulin de...
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased from 2.5% of the US population in 1990 to 10.5% in 2018. This creates a major public health problem, due to increases in long-term complications of diabetes, including neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, skin...
This study aimed to determine the effect of adding nuts to a regular breakfast on blood glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels, and to evaluate participants’ opinions by sex as a preliminary study for future studies. Data and biochemical par...
Insulin signaling plays a key role in glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and protein and lipid synthesis. In insulin-resistant states like obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, these processes are dysregulated. Regular physical exercise is a potenti...
Sedentary behavior constitutes a pandemic health threat contributing to the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sedentarism is further associated with liver disease and particularly with nonalcoholic/metabolic dysfunction associated...
Metabolic syndrome is a metabolic disorder characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and abdominal obesity. Impaired insulin action or insulin resistance initiates metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of insulin resistanc...
Some populations are recommended to consume low-fat dairy, although the evidence behind replacing high-fat with low-fat dairy products is limited. This exploratory sub-study investigated the effect of cheese with different fat content on postprandial...
27 September 2023
Insulin resistance is the main mechanism in a whole series of pathological conditions, which are not only of metabolic interest but also of a systemic type. This phenomenon means that the body’s cells become less sensitive to the hormone insuli...
This study investigated the impact of incorporating various inactivated probiotic formulations, with or without recombinant lactoferrin (LF) expression, into a standard chow diet on metabolic-related disorders in obese mice. After inducing obesity th...
Background: Pelemir (Cephalaria syriaca) is a bitter-tasting ancestral legume with a high polyphenol content and emerging potential as a functional food ingredient. This study investigated the acute metabolic effects of pelemir-enriched bread in adul...
A short-term high-calorie high-fat diet (HCHFD) impairs insulin sensitivity in non-obese South Asian but not Caucasian men; however, the effect of short-term HCHFD on insulin sensitivity in East Asians is unknown. We recruited 21 healthy non-obese Ja...
Obesity, caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), leads to insulin resistance, which is a precursor of diabetes and a risk factor for impaired cognitive function, dementia, and brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Physical exercise has positive...
Developing non-invasive alternatives to monitor insulin levels in humans holds potential practical value for identifying individuals with, or at risk of developing, insulin resistance. The aims of this study were: (1) to determine if saliva insulin c...
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystem reproductive–metabolic disorder and the most common endocrine cause of infertility. The objective of our study was to determine the influence of myo-inositol (MI) on insulin resistan...
Recent studies have shown that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) in the brain. Thus, insulin sensitivity seems to work differently in the brain compared to the peripheral tissues like...
Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrine disease related to impaired/absent insulin signaling. Dietary habits can either promote or mitigate the onset and severity of T2DM. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been correlated with a decrea...
Insulin is the main metabolic regulator of fuel molecules in the diet, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. It does so by facilitating glucose influx from the circulation into the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal myocytes. The outcome of w...
High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is widely used as sweetener in processed foods and soft drinks in the United States, largely substituting sucrose (SUC). The orexigenic hormone ghrelin promotes obesity and insulin resistance; ghrelin responds differen...
We investigated the influence of sex and the age of obesogenic diet initiation on the obesity phenotypes at a later age. C57Bl mice started the Cafeteria Diet (CafD, with increased fat and carbohydrates, ad libitum, from 7 weeks of age (7CafD, pre-pu...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic–endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and insulin resistance (IR) is a key pathophysiological feature. Current medical education and clinical practice emphasize glucose-ce...
Background: The metabolic syndrome is associated with sarcopenia. Decreased serum levels of Vitamin D (VitD) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and their mutual relationship were also reported. We aimed to evaluate whether different dietary profi...
Background: Oral insulin improves compliance and convenience in patients with diabetes who require regular needle injections. However, the clinical application of oral insulin preparations has been limited due to instability and inefficient permeatio...
Obesity-associated metabolic disorders are characterized by impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue dysfunction. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) is a transcription factor primarily involved in immune regula...
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) need to monitor their blood glucose level frequently and use insulin to regulate it. T1D typically develops in young individuals and requires lifelong insulin injections for glycemic control. High or low blood glucos...
Regular exercise involves daily muscle contractions helping metabolize up to 70% of daily ingested glucose. Skeletal muscle increases glucose uptake through two distinct pathways: insulin signaling pathway and muscle contraction mediated AMPK pathway...
Background: We investigated the postprandial effects of an alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrate (CH) composition compared to regular alcohol-free beer. Methods: Two randomized crossover studies were conducted. In the first study, 10 healthy v...
Fasting for over 24 h is associated with worsening glucose tolerance, but the effect of extending the overnight fast period (a form of time-restricted feeding) on acute metabolic responses and insulin sensitivity is unclear. The aim of this pilot stu...
This study aimed to compare newly developed diabetes-specific complete smoothie formulas with a standard diabetes-specific nutritional formula (DSNF) regarding their effects on glucose homeostasis, insulin levels, and lipid metabolism in obese type 2...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common female endocrinopathies, affecting about 4–25% of women of reproductive age. Women affected by PCOS have an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, car...
Insulin resistance is closely associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and the resting heart rate (RHR) is an important marker of the autonomic nervous system’s status. This study aimed to investiga...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. The pathogenesis of PCOS involves a complex interplay of genetic and...
Canine insulinomas are functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that typically cause hypoglycemia, but blood glucose may fluctuate before surgery and increase after resection. This report describes the diagnostic evaluation, surgical treatment, an...
Background/Objectives: Among the therapeutic options available for managing PCOS, metformin improves insulin sensitivity, reduces androgen levels, and helps restore menstrual regularity and ovulation. While primarily used for its metabolic effects, m...
Frailty is a risk factor associated with aging. Physical exercise is an important lifestyle factor that can help to avoid risks associated with aging. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of aquatic exercise for 12 weeks on body composition,...
The aim of the study was to assess the amount of orally administered carbohydrates needed to maintain euglycemia during moderate-intensity exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Nine participants with type 1 diabetes (four women, age 32.1 &plu...
10 December 2019
The present study examined the effect of a 12-week combined resistance and aerobic exercise training program on cardiometabolic biomarkers and red blood cell (RBC) hemorheological function in 20 obese older men (mean age: 68.8 ± 0.9 years). Su...
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