Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance

Ma, Xiaojun; Lin, Ligen; Yue, Jing; Wu, Chia-Shan; Guo, Cathy A.; Wang, Ruitao; Yu, Kai-Jiang; Devaraj, Sridevi; Murano, Peter; Chen, Zheng; Sun, Yuxiang

doi:10.3390/ijms18061302

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance

^1,2,†,

^2,3,†

^2,4,†,

⁵,

⁵,

⁶,

⁶,

⁷,

⁵,

⁸ and

^2,5,*

Department of Internal Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA

State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China

⁴

Department of Reproductive Medicine, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan 430030, China

⁵

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

⁶

Department of Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China

⁷

Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77030, USA

⁸

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(6), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061302

Received: 28 April 2017 / Revised: 11 June 2017 / Accepted: 12 June 2017 / Published: 19 June 2017

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Diet Interactions in Chronic Diseases)

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figures

Citation Export

Abstract

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is widely used as sweetener in processed foods and soft drinks in the United States, largely substituting sucrose (SUC). The orexigenic hormone ghrelin promotes obesity and insulin resistance; ghrelin responds differently to HFCS and SUC ingestion. Here we investigated the roles of ghrelin in HFCS- and SUC-induced adiposity and insulin resistance. To mimic soft drinks, 10-week-old male wild-type (WT) and ghrelin knockout (Ghrelin^−/−) mice were subjected to ad lib. regular chow diet supplemented with either water (RD), 8% HFCS (HFCS), or 10% sucrose (SUC). We found that SUC-feeding induced more robust increases in body weight and body fat than HFCS-feeding. Comparing to SUC-fed mice, HFCS-fed mice showed lower body weight but higher circulating glucose and insulin levels. Interestingly, we also found that ghrelin deletion exacerbates HFCS-induced adiposity and inflammation in adipose tissues, as well as whole-body insulin resistance. Our findings suggest that HFCS and SUC have differential effects on lipid metabolism: while sucrose promotes obesogenesis, HFCS primarily enhances inflammation and insulin resistance, and ghrelin confers protective effects for these metabolic dysfunctions. View Full-Text

Keywords: ghrelin; HFCS; sucrose; fructose; glucose; adiposity; insulin resistance; adipose tissue inflammation

▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ma, X.; Lin, L.; Yue, J.; Wu, C.-S.; Guo, C.A.; Wang, R.; Yu, K.-J.; Devaraj, S.; Murano, P.; Chen, Z.; Sun, Y. Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061302

AMA Style

Ma X, Lin L, Yue J, Wu C-S, Guo CA, Wang R, Yu K-J, Devaraj S, Murano P, Chen Z, Sun Y. Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(6):1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061302

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma, Xiaojun, Ligen Lin, Jing Yue, Chia-Shan Wu, Cathy A. Guo, Ruitao Wang, Kai-Jiang Yu, Sridevi Devaraj, Peter Murano, Zheng Chen, and Yuxiang Sun. 2017. "Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 6: 1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061302

Find Other Styles

Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Menu

Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI