Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality compatible with life. The life of patients suffering from DS can be strongly impacted by Recurrent Respiratory tract Infections (RRIs), leading to an increased rate of hospitalisation, a h...
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common and important problems in clinical medicine, making antibiotics the gold standard therapeutic option regardless of their frequent viral etiology. Their excessive and inappropriate use cont...
Background: The implications of gastroesophageal reflux disease in respiratory tract infections have been investigated over time. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between these two pathologic entities and the outcome after proper...
Few studies have evaluated the effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) on reducing respiratory infections in preschool children. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of bLf in preschool children with recurrent respiratory infections. Part...
In healthy infants and young children, the development of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is extremely common. In this paper, we present an international consensus of the available approaches for the prevention of recurrent RTIs in children, incl...
25 March 2019
In otherwise healthy infants and young children, respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are extremely common. Clinical data have shown that OM-85 could prevent respiratory recurrences in children. However, further studies are needed to explore the true...
Background and objectives: Respiratory tract infections are the most common cause of children’s morbidity in the world. Children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRIs) frequently use health care services and antibiotics, undergo sur...
To assess the associations between serum and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as well as the inflammatory potential of diet measured by the Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DIITM), and recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs)...
Polyvalent mechanical bacterial lysate (PMBL) is used for the treatment and prevention of recurrent respiratory tract infections. Although PMBL is an immunostimulant, it remains unknown whether treatment with PMBL influences natural killer cell activ...
Background/Objectives: Zinc is an essential trace element involved in multiple aspects of immune function, including epithelial barrier integrity, innate and adaptive immune responses, regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. Zinc deficiency...
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common form of infections in every age category. Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), a specific form of RTIs, represent a typical and common problem associated with early childhood, causing...
Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) account for relevant economic and social implications and significantly affect family life. Local Bacteriotherapy (LB) represents an innovative option in preventing RRIs. Local bacteriotherapy consists of admin...
Background: Since no treatment exists for children suffering from upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) without immunological disorders, we searched for a possible tool to improve the health of these children. Aim: We evaluated whether dietary a...
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare but severe manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV). As our knowledge about HPV infections has expanded, it has become possible to understand the course of RRP disease and unravel plausible effi...
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the leading cause of antibiotic prescriptions, primarily due to the risk for secondary bacterial infections. In this study, we examined whether Echinacea could reduce the need for antibiotics by preventing RTIs...
Recurrent pneumonia (RP), i.e., at least two episodes of pneumonia in one year or three episodes ever with intercritical radiographic clearing of densities, occurs in 7.7%–9% of children with community-acquired pneumonia. In RP, the challenge is to d...
The natural history of MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), a rare X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with an estimated birth prevalence of 1/150,000 live births, is poorly understood due to a lack of clinical data collected for research. Such informa...
Background: Due to the frequency and severity of cold symptoms in children, and the risk of associated complications, effective treatments are urgently needed. Here we evaluated the safety profile and treatment benefits of Echinacea in children with...
23 November 2022
Common health issues have been less examined in studies of early language development, particularly in relation to the child’s sex. Respiratory tract infections, often complicated by acute otitis media, are common in children during the first y...
Recent studies hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation and subsequent higher 25(OH)D serum levels could protect against respiratory infections in children. This cross-sectional study, conducted from May 2022 to December 2023 in Timisoara, Romania...
27 September 2017
Congenital esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (CEA ± TEF) is a relatively common malformation that occurs in 1 of 2500–4500 live births. Despite the refinement of surgical techniques, a considerable proportion of children ex...
Since their discovery in the 1950s, rhinoviruses (RVs) have been recognized as a major causative agent of the “common cold” and cold-like illnesses, accounting for more than 50% of upper respiratory tract infections. However, more than th...
Numerous preventive strategies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are undergoing late stage evaluation in humans and, in addition to their intended benefit for acute illness, may impact long term consequences of infection in infants. Severe RS...
28 September 2020
Many insulating materials are used in construction, although few have been reported to cause non-malignant respiratory illnesses. We aimed to investigate associations between exposures to insulating materials and non-malignant respiratory illnesses i...
Recurrent respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in early life, but there is no broadly accepted means to identify infection-prone children during this highly vulnerable period. In this study, we investigated associatio...
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection, especially in infants, and increases the risk of recurrent wheezing and asthma. Recently, researchers have proposed a possible association...
Asthma and bronchiectasis may coexist in children, particularly in those with severe or difficult-to-treat respiratory disease, creating a complex clinical setting in which airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, mucus retention, impaired...
Ataxia–telangiectasia is a rare, autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the ATM gene on chromosome 11, which encodes a serine–threonine kinase essential for the recognition and repair of DNA double-strand brea...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has raised concerns in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), not only due to consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 itself but also as a possible cause of IBD relapse....
A 7-month-old, 3.6-kg, intact male Dachshund was presented with a lifelong history of chronic respiratory signs. Multiple courses of antimicrobial therapy resulted in partial or complete clinical improvement, followed by recurrence after treatment di...
Biofilms, aggregates of bacteria enclosed in a self-produced matrix, have been implicated in various pediatric respiratory infections, including acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), adenoiditis, protracted bacterial bronchitis,...
Background: Rett syndrome (RS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting females, characterized by severe neurological impairment and complex comorbidities, including epilepsy, scoliosis, and respiratory dysfunction. Respiratory compl...
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are common in tropical settings and may influence immune regulation, allergic responses, and respiratory health. In children with sickle cell disease (SCD), respiratory morbidity is multifactorial, and the...
Acute bronchiolitis represents the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. Together with a respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (RV) is one of the most common pathogens associated with bronchiolitis, and its genetic diversity (>150 types)...
Rhinovirus (RV) is an RNA virus that causes more than 50% of upper respiratory tract infections in humans worldwide. Together with Respiratory Syncytial Virus, RV is one of the leading causes of viral bronchiolitis in infants and the most common viru...
Infants who are breastfed are at an immunological advantage when compared with formula fed infants, evidenced by decreased incidence of infections and diminished propensity for long term conditions, including chronic wheeze and/or asthma. Exclusive...
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a non-malignant disease, characterized by the production of wart-like growths in the respiratory tract, affecting both young people and adults (juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, JORRP,...
Respiratory viruses play an important role in asthma exacerbation, and early exposure can be involved in recurrent bronchitis and the development of asthma. The exact mechanism is not fully clarified, and pathogen-to-host interaction studies are warr...
Respiratory virus infections, such as those caused by influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coronaviruses, pose a significant global health burden. While the immune system’s adaptive components, including memory T cells, are...
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen and a major cause of respiratory tract infections, particularly among vulnerable populations. Although hMPV was identified in 2001, it remains less extensively studied than other major...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in young children, especially bronchiolitis, with significant global health and economic impact. Increasing evidence links early-life RSV infection to lo...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) continues as the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children around the world, and its substantial morbidity, particularly among infants and high-risk children, poses a significant burden on h...
Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a malignancy of the immune system that includes several subtypes, most commonly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Its etiology is multifactorial, with risk factors such as immunosuppressi...
A forty-seven-year-old recipient in late period after kidney transplantation with chronic estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30 mL/min/1.73 m2, fully vaccinated against COVID-19 was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in November 2021. After...
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immune deficit (PID) mainly characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia. In addition to increased susceptibility to infections and several immune-mediated manifestations, patients with CVID frequently d...
MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is a rare, X-linked, neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from the duplication of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. The clinical features of MDS include severe intellectual disability, global development...
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the structure and function of cilia, primarily impacting the respiratory system. Kartagener syndrome, a subset of PCD, is characterized by situs inversus, bronchiectasis, and ch...
Human adenovirus infection is rare in adult population, except for in immunocompromised individuals. Recipients of allogenic haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are reported at high risk for human adenovirus, which is often lethal...
Background/Objectives: Potent immunosuppression lowers the incidence of acute graft rejection but increases the risk of infections. In order to decrease either infectious complications or acute rejection, it is necessary to identify risk groups of pa...
Background: Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital malformation of the lower respiratory tract; it consists of a nonfunctioning mass of lung tissue that is irrigated by an anomalous systemic artery. The association with Actinomyces super...
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